2011年12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案(2)
【答案解析】
Part ⅠWriting
On Chinese Workers’Paid Holidays
In 2007, the Chinese government released a draft that all employees of government organs, civil organizations, enterprises, and public-service institutions are entitled to take paid vacation after serving the same employer for one year. Some have sufficient faith that the paid holidays will improve the current tourism pattern. The new holiday scheme will give people more choices to make their holiday plans and thus it will greatly alleviate the pressure of transportation departments, security bodies, shopping malls,ect. during the current holiday boom.
Other people wonder if the new system will be available. It is likely to be a dream to have a paid holiday. Because the problem is that many people don’t dare to take long vacations. Competition is fierce. Nobody can afford a long holiday and leave the boss with an impression of not working as hard as others.
For me, I think it is necessary for, in future, the state to issue a regulation concerning Chinese workers-paid holidays. Stregthen the employers’ sense of the paid holidays. If they did so voluntarily, it will attract and retain employees. With these measures, it is expected that more employees in China are entitled to receive holiday pay for time off.
Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. Y 细节题根据信号词“BMI, 85%”寻读到第二段句。题干说超重的孩子是指那些在他们年龄和性别范畴内BMI超过重量群85%的孩子。题干与原文相符。
2. N 细节题根据信号词 “educational system”寻读到文章第三段，作者指出媒体或教育体系都没有采用强势的项目来鼓励健康的选择，包括锻炼和健康食物。题干说根据这篇文章，教育体系在促进锻炼和健康饮食上是积极的，故题干是错误的。
3. Y 细节题本题的信号词是 “watching television”。题干说据观察孩子每天看电视一小时或更少将更有可能远离肥胖。根据第四段后一句：在一个研究中发现，每天看一个小时或更少电视的孩子肥胖率，但是每天看四个小时或更长时间电视的孩子肥胖率。故题干是正确的。
4. Y 细节题题干说糖的摄人是孩童期导致肥胖的重要原因。文中Lifestyle Factors下第二点中作者明确指出糖是导致孩子肥胖的重要原因。
5. Y 细节题本题的信号词是 “environmental, genetic factors”。题干说在多数情况下，肥胖孩子的父母也常常承受肥胖的痛苦，因为环境或基因的因素也是孩童时期肥胖的主要原因。依据Lifestyle Factors下第三点中讲到的父母肥胖对孩子的影响，可知题干与原文相符。
6. Y 细节题本题的信号词是 “Infants, birth weight”。题干说出生分量轻的婴儿当他们成长到孩童或青少年时期也许会面临肥胖的危险。依据文章第二节 (Causes and Risk Factors for Obesity in Children)里Factors Surrounding Birth下点：体重轻的婴儿长大以后可能会身体肥胖并患有糖尿病，可知题干与原文相符。
7. NG 综合判断题题干说随着年龄的增长，肥胖的孩子获得一个健康的重量会更难，因为存在生物学的惯性。在整篇文章中，作者没有提及这点。
8. cholesterol levels and high blood pressure 细节题本题的信号词是 “adolescents, unhealthy”。本题问肥胖的孩子和青少年身体更差，据报道，比如他们有哪些疾病。解题依据第二个小标题下第二句：Studies are reporting cholesterol levels and high blood pressure in obese children and adolescents。
9. by only 200 to 260 per day 细节题题干问减少多少卡路里能够阻止大部分超重儿童增重。解题依据第三个小标题下段第二句：一些证据建议每天减少200至260的卡路里可以阻止重量获取。
10. eating disorders 细节题作者在文章后阐述了一些控制肥胖的技巧，其中第四项就是不要批评那些肥胖的孩子，这不但起不了帮助作用并且可能会增加儿童饮食紊乱的几率。由此得出答案：eating disorders。
Part ⅠWriting
On Chinese Workers’Paid Holidays
In 2007, the Chinese government released a draft that all employees of government organs, civil organizations, enterprises, and public-service institutions are entitled to take paid vacation after serving the same employer for one year. Some have sufficient faith that the paid holidays will improve the current tourism pattern. The new holiday scheme will give people more choices to make their holiday plans and thus it will greatly alleviate the pressure of transportation departments, security bodies, shopping malls,ect. during the current holiday boom.
Other people wonder if the new system will be available. It is likely to be a dream to have a paid holiday. Because the problem is that many people don’t dare to take long vacations. Competition is fierce. Nobody can afford a long holiday and leave the boss with an impression of not working as hard as others.
For me, I think it is necessary for, in future, the state to issue a regulation concerning Chinese workers-paid holidays. Stregthen the employers’ sense of the paid holidays. If they did so voluntarily, it will attract and retain employees. With these measures, it is expected that more employees in China are entitled to receive holiday pay for time off.
Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. Y 细节题根据信号词“BMI, 85%”寻读到第二段句。题干说超重的孩子是指那些在他们年龄和性别范畴内BMI超过重量群85%的孩子。题干与原文相符。
2. N 细节题根据信号词 “educational system”寻读到文章第三段，作者指出媒体或教育体系都没有采用强势的项目来鼓励健康的选择，包括锻炼和健康食物。题干说根据这篇文章，教育体系在促进锻炼和健康饮食上是积极的，故题干是错误的。
3. Y 细节题本题的信号词是 “watching television”。题干说据观察孩子每天看电视一小时或更少将更有可能远离肥胖。根据第四段后一句：在一个研究中发现，每天看一个小时或更少电视的孩子肥胖率，但是每天看四个小时或更长时间电视的孩子肥胖率。故题干是正确的。
4. Y 细节题题干说糖的摄人是孩童期导致肥胖的重要原因。文中Lifestyle Factors下第二点中作者明确指出糖是导致孩子肥胖的重要原因。
5. Y 细节题本题的信号词是 “environmental, genetic factors”。题干说在多数情况下，肥胖孩子的父母也常常承受肥胖的痛苦，因为环境或基因的因素也是孩童时期肥胖的主要原因。依据Lifestyle Factors下第三点中讲到的父母肥胖对孩子的影响，可知题干与原文相符。
6. Y 细节题本题的信号词是 “Infants, birth weight”。题干说出生分量轻的婴儿当他们成长到孩童或青少年时期也许会面临肥胖的危险。依据文章第二节 (Causes and Risk Factors for Obesity in Children)里Factors Surrounding Birth下点：体重轻的婴儿长大以后可能会身体肥胖并患有糖尿病，可知题干与原文相符。
7. NG 综合判断题题干说随着年龄的增长，肥胖的孩子获得一个健康的重量会更难，因为存在生物学的惯性。在整篇文章中，作者没有提及这点。
8. cholesterol levels and high blood pressure 细节题本题的信号词是 “adolescents, unhealthy”。本题问肥胖的孩子和青少年身体更差，据报道，比如他们有哪些疾病。解题依据第二个小标题下第二句：Studies are reporting cholesterol levels and high blood pressure in obese children and adolescents。
9. by only 200 to 260 per day 细节题题干问减少多少卡路里能够阻止大部分超重儿童增重。解题依据第三个小标题下段第二句：一些证据建议每天减少200至260的卡路里可以阻止重量获取。
10. eating disorders 细节题作者在文章后阐述了一些控制肥胖的技巧，其中第四项就是不要批评那些肥胖的孩子，这不但起不了帮助作用并且可能会增加儿童饮食紊乱的几率。由此得出答案：eating disorders。
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