2012年6月英语四级考前10天冲刺试卷及答案(4)
Part IV Reading Comprehension ( Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Water pollution affects man’s health, recreational use of water, industrial of water and sense of beauty. The spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. In highly _47_ countries in particular, emphasis has _48_ from concern over bacterial
disease to concern over water-carried viral (病毒性的) disease. Viral hepatitis (肝炎), for example, has been found to 49 more frequently in cities whose water supplies have 50 high levels of water impurity. Poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.
It is clear that poisonous 51 must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides,fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. Since the public health 52 of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. The chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from groundwater pollution.
As man’s desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of water. The water must not only be 53 in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. Sports such as swimming involve _54__ contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.
The range of water quality necessary for 55 processes varies greatly with the intended use of water. The water used in steel mills, for example, must have a lower chloride (氯化物 ) level than that accepted for drinking water. Cooling water can Of ten be of comparatively low sanitary quality. A large part of the water used in the paper-making industry can be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must 56 little iron and carbon dioxide.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [ B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
From bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face the bleak prospect of losing ~heir jobs as a global recession starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will stem unemployment and may help kcep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firm s to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting a Western shift to Eastern flexibility.
"In the Confucian mindset, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There’s that sense of collective responsibility whereas in the West, it’s more about individual survival," said Michael Benoliel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU). Steven Pang, Asia regional director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was an obligation "to take care of members of the family and go through the pain together"
even if that meant incurring losses.
In contrast, Westem counterparts often felt compelled to make dramatic statements to show investors they were serious about cost-cutting, Pang said. US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousands, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe. Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong’s was fiat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals from abroad.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. What does the author mean by saying "For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut"?
[A] The Eastern employees will experience more pains.
[B] The Eastern employees will lose their jobs as the Westerns.
[C] The Eastern employees will get fewer incomes.
[D] The Eastern employees won’t get any pay in one year.
58. When facing the global recession, the Western and the Eastern workers experience differently because of_______
[A] different economic situations
[B] different life styles
[C] different attitudes towards work
[D] different cultures
59. According to the third paragraph, we can know that_______
[A] the Eastern firms pay more attention to individual survival
[B] the Western firms will share the burden unless incurring losses
[C] the Eastern firms would rather preserve jobs in difficult times
[D] the Western firms care more about members of the family
60. The differences in labor between the East and the West will die away gradually because of_______
[A] the development of global economy
[B] the introduction of the best principles
[C] the expansion of multinational firms
[D] the furious competition
61. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?
[A] To describe the job market in the East and the West.
[B] To discuss a cultural divide between the East and the West.
[C] To describe the current economic situation.
[D] To discuss Eastern and Western employees’ lives.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Researchers have created a "beauty machine" they say can turn a woman’s photo into the likeness of a cover model with the push of a button. The goal is not just to toy with pictures. Sure, the new computer software could help editors distort
magazine cover photos even more than they already do. But it could also guide plastic surgeons ( 整形医师) in efforts to achieve some perceived level of perfection in a patient. Or the software might even be incorporated into future digital cameras to make us all appear gorgeous, the researchers suggest.
Attractiveness--for men or women--can be objectified by a computer and boiled down to a function of mathematical distances or ratios, Cohen-Or said, admitting that the work is likely to be controversial. "Beauty can be quantified by mathematical measurements and ratios. It can be definedas average distances between features, which a majority of people agree are the most beautiful," he said. "I don’t claim to know much about beauty. For us, every picture in this research project is just a collection of numbers."
Cohen-Or and colleagues asked 68 Israeli and German men and women, aged 25 to 40, to rank the beauty of 93 different men’s and women’s faces on a scale of 1 to 7. The scores were entered into a database and correlated to 250 different measurements and facial features, such as ratios of the nose, chin and distance from ears to eyes. From this, they created an algorithm of "desirable elements of attractiveness" that then spits out the new you.
The beauty machine is more subtle than a typical Photoshop makeover. The machine does not seem to work so well on celebrities, however. "We’ve run the faces of people like Brigitte Bardot and Woody Allen through the machine and most people are very Unhappy with the results," Cohen-Or said. "But in unfamiliar faces, most would agree the output is better."
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. What is said about the "beauty machine" in the first paragraph?
[A]It can be used by any person who wants herself/ himself to be beautiful.
[B]It can just help editors make more beautiful pictures.
[C]It can lead plastic surgeons achieve a better result in a patient.
[D]It can be used in digital camera to make us more beautiful now.
63. According to Cohen-Or, ________
[A]the computer software will be popular in the future
[B]attractiveness can be quantifiedbymathematical ratios
[C]beauty is what a minority of people agree on
[D]nobody knows much about beauty
64. What’s the purpose of Cohen-Or’s research project?
[A]To know more about beauty.
[C]To create an algorithm.
[B]To collect numbers.
[D]To optimize the machine.
65. According to the last paragraph, we can know that________
[A]the computer software works better on well-known stars
[B]in Brigitte Bardot’s face, the result will be better
[C]people who are unfamiliar faces are satisfied by using the machine
[D]Woody Allen looks much beautiful by using the machine
66. The passage mainly talks about ________
[A]the new computer software to create beauty
[B]advantages of the new computer software
[C]how to use the new computer software
[D]people’s opinions about beauty
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Water pollution affects man’s health, recreational use of water, industrial of water and sense of beauty. The spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. In highly _47_ countries in particular, emphasis has _48_ from concern over bacterial
disease to concern over water-carried viral (病毒性的) disease. Viral hepatitis (肝炎), for example, has been found to 49 more frequently in cities whose water supplies have 50 high levels of water impurity. Poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.
It is clear that poisonous 51 must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides,fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. Since the public health 52 of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. The chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from groundwater pollution.
As man’s desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of water. The water must not only be 53 in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. Sports such as swimming involve _54__ contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.
The range of water quality necessary for 55 processes varies greatly with the intended use of water. The water used in steel mills, for example, must have a lower chloride (氯化物 ) level than that accepted for drinking water. Cooling water can Of ten be of comparatively low sanitary quality. A large part of the water used in the paper-making industry can be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must 56 little iron and carbon dioxide.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [ B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
From bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face the bleak prospect of losing ~heir jobs as a global recession starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will stem unemployment and may help kcep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firm s to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting a Western shift to Eastern flexibility.
"In the Confucian mindset, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There’s that sense of collective responsibility whereas in the West, it’s more about individual survival," said Michael Benoliel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU). Steven Pang, Asia regional director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was an obligation "to take care of members of the family and go through the pain together"
even if that meant incurring losses.
In contrast, Westem counterparts often felt compelled to make dramatic statements to show investors they were serious about cost-cutting, Pang said. US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousands, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe. Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong’s was fiat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals from abroad.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. What does the author mean by saying "For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut"?
[A] The Eastern employees will experience more pains.
[B] The Eastern employees will lose their jobs as the Westerns.
[C] The Eastern employees will get fewer incomes.
[D] The Eastern employees won’t get any pay in one year.
58. When facing the global recession, the Western and the Eastern workers experience differently because of_______
[A] different economic situations
[B] different life styles
[C] different attitudes towards work
[D] different cultures
59. According to the third paragraph, we can know that_______
[A] the Eastern firms pay more attention to individual survival
[B] the Western firms will share the burden unless incurring losses
[C] the Eastern firms would rather preserve jobs in difficult times
[D] the Western firms care more about members of the family
60. The differences in labor between the East and the West will die away gradually because of_______
[A] the development of global economy
[B] the introduction of the best principles
[C] the expansion of multinational firms
[D] the furious competition
61. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?
[A] To describe the job market in the East and the West.
[B] To discuss a cultural divide between the East and the West.
[C] To describe the current economic situation.
[D] To discuss Eastern and Western employees’ lives.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Researchers have created a "beauty machine" they say can turn a woman’s photo into the likeness of a cover model with the push of a button. The goal is not just to toy with pictures. Sure, the new computer software could help editors distort
magazine cover photos even more than they already do. But it could also guide plastic surgeons ( 整形医师) in efforts to achieve some perceived level of perfection in a patient. Or the software might even be incorporated into future digital cameras to make us all appear gorgeous, the researchers suggest.
Attractiveness--for men or women--can be objectified by a computer and boiled down to a function of mathematical distances or ratios, Cohen-Or said, admitting that the work is likely to be controversial. "Beauty can be quantified by mathematical measurements and ratios. It can be definedas average distances between features, which a majority of people agree are the most beautiful," he said. "I don’t claim to know much about beauty. For us, every picture in this research project is just a collection of numbers."
Cohen-Or and colleagues asked 68 Israeli and German men and women, aged 25 to 40, to rank the beauty of 93 different men’s and women’s faces on a scale of 1 to 7. The scores were entered into a database and correlated to 250 different measurements and facial features, such as ratios of the nose, chin and distance from ears to eyes. From this, they created an algorithm of "desirable elements of attractiveness" that then spits out the new you.
The beauty machine is more subtle than a typical Photoshop makeover. The machine does not seem to work so well on celebrities, however. "We’ve run the faces of people like Brigitte Bardot and Woody Allen through the machine and most people are very Unhappy with the results," Cohen-Or said. "But in unfamiliar faces, most would agree the output is better."
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. What is said about the "beauty machine" in the first paragraph?
[A]It can be used by any person who wants herself/ himself to be beautiful.
[B]It can just help editors make more beautiful pictures.
[C]It can lead plastic surgeons achieve a better result in a patient.
[D]It can be used in digital camera to make us more beautiful now.
63. According to Cohen-Or, ________
[A]the computer software will be popular in the future
[B]attractiveness can be quantifiedbymathematical ratios
[C]beauty is what a minority of people agree on
[D]nobody knows much about beauty
64. What’s the purpose of Cohen-Or’s research project?
[A]To know more about beauty.
[C]To create an algorithm.
[B]To collect numbers.
[D]To optimize the machine.
65. According to the last paragraph, we can know that________
[A]the computer software works better on well-known stars
[B]in Brigitte Bardot’s face, the result will be better
[C]people who are unfamiliar faces are satisfied by using the machine
[D]Woody Allen looks much beautiful by using the machine
66. The passage mainly talks about ________
[A]the new computer software to create beauty
[B]advantages of the new computer software
[C]how to use the new computer software
[D]people’s opinions about beauty
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