2010年6月英语四级考试真题及答案(A卷word版)
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Part V Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） （25 minutes）
57、Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book.They're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。What does the author say about the black box?
A．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplan
B．The idea for its design comes from a comic boo
C．Its ability to ward off disasters is incredibl
D．It is an indispensable device on an airplan
58、What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
A．Data for analyzing the cause of the cras
B．The total number of passengers on boar
C．The scene of the crash and extent of the damag
D．Homing signals sent by the pilot before the cras
59、Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A．New materials became available by that tim
B．Too much space was needed for its installatio
C．The early models often got damaged in the cras
D．The early models didn't provide the needed dat
60、Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
A．To distinguish them from the colour of the plan
B．To caution people to handle them with car
C．To make them easily identifiabl
D．To conform to international standard
61、What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A．There is still a good chance of their being recovere
B．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructe
C．They have stopped sending homing signal
D．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazi
62、The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A．It is a highly profitable industr
B．It is based on the concept of positive thinkin
C．It was established by Norman Vincent Peal
D．It has yielded positive result
63、What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?
A．Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than goo
B．There can be no simple therapy for psychological problem
C．Unhappy people cannot think positivel
D．The power of positive thinking is limite
64、What does the author mean by "… you're just underlining his faults" (Line 4, Para. 3)?
A．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enoug
B．You are pointing out the errors he has committe
C．You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligen
D．You are trying to make him feel better about his fault
65、What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?
A．It is important for people to continually boost their self-estee
B．Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's moo
C．Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-estee
D．People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feeling
66、What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The effects of positive thinking vary from person to perso
B．Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherap
C．Different people tend to have different ways of thinkin
D．People can avoid making mistakes through meditatio
57、Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book.They're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。What does the author say about the black box?
A．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplan
B．The idea for its design comes from a comic boo
C．Its ability to ward off disasters is incredibl
D．It is an indispensable device on an airplan
58、What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
A．Data for analyzing the cause of the cras
B．The total number of passengers on boar
C．The scene of the crash and extent of the damag
D．Homing signals sent by the pilot before the cras
59、Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A．New materials became available by that tim
B．Too much space was needed for its installatio
C．The early models often got damaged in the cras
D．The early models didn't provide the needed dat
60、Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
A．To distinguish them from the colour of the plan
B．To caution people to handle them with car
C．To make them easily identifiabl
D．To conform to international standard
61、What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A．There is still a good chance of their being recovere
B．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructe
C．They have stopped sending homing signal
D．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazi
62、The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A．It is a highly profitable industr
B．It is based on the concept of positive thinkin
C．It was established by Norman Vincent Peal
D．It has yielded positive result
63、What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?
A．Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than goo
B．There can be no simple therapy for psychological problem
C．Unhappy people cannot think positivel
D．The power of positive thinking is limite
64、What does the author mean by "… you're just underlining his faults" (Line 4, Para. 3)?
A．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enoug
B．You are pointing out the errors he has committe
C．You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligen
D．You are trying to make him feel better about his fault
65、What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?
A．It is important for people to continually boost their self-estee
B．Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's moo
C．Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-estee
D．People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feeling
66、What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The effects of positive thinking vary from person to perso
B．Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherap
C．Different people tend to have different ways of thinkin
D．People can avoid making mistakes through meditatio
