2013年英语四级考试每日一练(1月7日)
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1. Undoubtedly, Internet technology will change the way we live, work, communicate and do business. But beware of those who proclaim(声明)this to be a New Era of profitability. As in the so-called New Eras of the past brought on by earlier technological breakthroughs -- this one carries the seeds of its own destruction. The phenomenal growth of Internet businesses is already fueling a Klondike-style gold rush, with far too many diggers looking for far too little gold. Economics teaches us that it is hard to become an upstart with a basically free commodity. Think of ice in the Arctic,sand in the desert, seawater in the ocean or, for that matter, the seemingly (表面上)unlimited "hot air" on the Net.
In the 20th century, the proliferation of cars, radios, movies, televisions, mass retailers and computers all inspired a sense that we had begun a New Era. Each breakthrough promised new fiches and unprecedented prosperity for the innovators. But in the long run, they always failed to deliver to investors the expected rewards.
Why the letdowns? In part because every great innovator invariably attracted great imitators,who competed with the original and eventually depressed his "excessive" profit margin by commoditizing the invention. Furthermore, great inventions have always been followed by greater innovations (创新), which, through the process known as creative destruction, render the previous new technology obsolete. And when inventions become vital to the economy, they are frequently brought under the control of governments via regulation, nationalization and, in extreme cases, expropriation.
Take the Erie Canal, which was completed in 1825. Its success led to the great American canal boom of the 1830s. It ended just a few years later in a tremendous failure, as most of the other canals failed to make money. The Erie, too, began to suffer from competition, first from railroads and, eventually, from trucks. In the end, the railroad industry -- which helped create an unprecedented industrial boom -- proved to be disastrous for most investors. By 1895, most U. S. railroads had to be restructured.
Now familiar technologies like cars, radios, cash registers and mainframe computers were all at some point new and revolutionary. But the spread of the technologies led inevitably to the demise of their creators' "excessive" profits, as each became just another commodity, Don't think for a minute that the Internet will be any different.
It is implied in the passage that_____________
A．the growth of the Internet business is too fast
B．the spread of a new invention can make people live better
C．most Internet companies are unlikely to be out of business
D．some survived Internet companies can achieve some meaningful earnings
2. Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B , C and D You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Questions27-11are based on the following passage.
Now the Bush team is pushing hard an idea which is inherited from the Clinton administration and which, in some way, builds on the debt-relief initiative. For the very poorest countries, America strongly favors moving from loans to grants, though other industrial-country donors are still doubtful of the wisdom of this. Giving grants, they argue, will cut future aid flows because some of the funding for loans on generous terms comes from money which has been repaid to donors.
America takes the view that, since many developing-country loans will never be repaid, main- ly because the recipients (接受者)cannot afford to make large payments to their creditors, it makes more sense to treat them as grants in the first place. The Bush administration has threatened to hold up the provision of the funds used for this sort of aid, International Development Assistance(IDA), if it cannot persuade everyone else to come on board. All members talked about having made progress in this area, but it remains a stumbling block.
Work is also under way in the IMF and the G7 to reform the international financial system. This now has two objectives. One is to make it harder for terrorist organizations to obtain funding by cracking down on money laundering and increasing financial transparency. The other is to reduce the occurrence and severity of financial crises in emerging-market countries. On this, American views seem to have prevailed. The G7 meeting on April 19th and 20th ended with an unexpected decision to proceed with an American plan to include collective action clauses in future loans taken out by emerging-market governments. The idea is that in the event of a delay of payment -- such as that by Argentina last December -- a government could negotiate with a "super majority" of its creditors to restructure its debts, rather than, as now, have a small minority of creditors able to weaken such attempts.
This market-based approach is still controversial, and implementing it could be difficult given the previous reluctance of governments to include such clauses in loan contracts ( lest they appear to be signaling a readiness to default (拖欠) even as they borrow). Work on IMF plans for more far-reaching reforms of supreme debt, on which the Bush team recently appeared to pour cold water, is to proceed at the same time. The two approaches, said the G7, are "complementary".
According to the passage, America favors moving from loans to grants on the purpose of_________
A．making more money for the donors
B．relieving debt of the poorest countries
C．solvin
3. {MP4://www.233.com/NewsFiles/2011-11/27/0/01.mp3}
根据听到的对话，选出正确答案________。
4. 请在(78)处填上答案.
A．accelerator
B．actor
C．amplifier
D．observer
5. 阅读以下材料，完成32-12填空题：
阅读(填空题)
6. 根据上述材料回答{TSE}题：
请回答第1题
7. We look forward to __________________ (被邀请出席开幕式).
8. Using a telescope, Galileo discovered___________________________________(肉眼看不到的星球).
9. An investigation was made into the accident，__________(在这次事故中死了五十人)．
10. I’d __________ (将他在社区里的名声考虑在内)，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan．
1. Undoubtedly, Internet technology will change the way we live, work, communicate and do business. But beware of those who proclaim(声明)this to be a New Era of profitability. As in the so-called New Eras of the past brought on by earlier technological breakthroughs -- this one carries the seeds of its own destruction. The phenomenal growth of Internet businesses is already fueling a Klondike-style gold rush, with far too many diggers looking for far too little gold. Economics teaches us that it is hard to become an upstart with a basically free commodity. Think of ice in the Arctic,sand in the desert, seawater in the ocean or, for that matter, the seemingly (表面上)unlimited "hot air" on the Net.
In the 20th century, the proliferation of cars, radios, movies, televisions, mass retailers and computers all inspired a sense that we had begun a New Era. Each breakthrough promised new fiches and unprecedented prosperity for the innovators. But in the long run, they always failed to deliver to investors the expected rewards.
Why the letdowns? In part because every great innovator invariably attracted great imitators,who competed with the original and eventually depressed his "excessive" profit margin by commoditizing the invention. Furthermore, great inventions have always been followed by greater innovations (创新), which, through the process known as creative destruction, render the previous new technology obsolete. And when inventions become vital to the economy, they are frequently brought under the control of governments via regulation, nationalization and, in extreme cases, expropriation.
Take the Erie Canal, which was completed in 1825. Its success led to the great American canal boom of the 1830s. It ended just a few years later in a tremendous failure, as most of the other canals failed to make money. The Erie, too, began to suffer from competition, first from railroads and, eventually, from trucks. In the end, the railroad industry -- which helped create an unprecedented industrial boom -- proved to be disastrous for most investors. By 1895, most U. S. railroads had to be restructured.
Now familiar technologies like cars, radios, cash registers and mainframe computers were all at some point new and revolutionary. But the spread of the technologies led inevitably to the demise of their creators' "excessive" profits, as each became just another commodity, Don't think for a minute that the Internet will be any different.
It is implied in the passage that_____________
A．the growth of the Internet business is too fast
B．the spread of a new invention can make people live better
C．most Internet companies are unlikely to be out of business
D．some survived Internet companies can achieve some meaningful earnings
2. Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B , C and D You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Questions27-11are based on the following passage.
Now the Bush team is pushing hard an idea which is inherited from the Clinton administration and which, in some way, builds on the debt-relief initiative. For the very poorest countries, America strongly favors moving from loans to grants, though other industrial-country donors are still doubtful of the wisdom of this. Giving grants, they argue, will cut future aid flows because some of the funding for loans on generous terms comes from money which has been repaid to donors.
America takes the view that, since many developing-country loans will never be repaid, main- ly because the recipients (接受者)cannot afford to make large payments to their creditors, it makes more sense to treat them as grants in the first place. The Bush administration has threatened to hold up the provision of the funds used for this sort of aid, International Development Assistance(IDA), if it cannot persuade everyone else to come on board. All members talked about having made progress in this area, but it remains a stumbling block.
Work is also under way in the IMF and the G7 to reform the international financial system. This now has two objectives. One is to make it harder for terrorist organizations to obtain funding by cracking down on money laundering and increasing financial transparency. The other is to reduce the occurrence and severity of financial crises in emerging-market countries. On this, American views seem to have prevailed. The G7 meeting on April 19th and 20th ended with an unexpected decision to proceed with an American plan to include collective action clauses in future loans taken out by emerging-market governments. The idea is that in the event of a delay of payment -- such as that by Argentina last December -- a government could negotiate with a "super majority" of its creditors to restructure its debts, rather than, as now, have a small minority of creditors able to weaken such attempts.
This market-based approach is still controversial, and implementing it could be difficult given the previous reluctance of governments to include such clauses in loan contracts ( lest they appear to be signaling a readiness to default (拖欠) even as they borrow). Work on IMF plans for more far-reaching reforms of supreme debt, on which the Bush team recently appeared to pour cold water, is to proceed at the same time. The two approaches, said the G7, are "complementary".
According to the passage, America favors moving from loans to grants on the purpose of_________
A．making more money for the donors
B．relieving debt of the poorest countries
C．solvin
3. {MP4://www.233.com/NewsFiles/2011-11/27/0/01.mp3}
根据听到的对话，选出正确答案________。
4. 请在(78)处填上答案.
A．accelerator
B．actor
C．amplifier
D．observer
5. 阅读以下材料，完成32-12填空题：
阅读(填空题)
6. 根据上述材料回答{TSE}题：
请回答第1题
7. We look forward to __________________ (被邀请出席开幕式).
8. Using a telescope, Galileo discovered___________________________________(肉眼看不到的星球).
9. An investigation was made into the accident，__________(在这次事故中死了五十人)．
10. I’d __________ (将他在社区里的名声考虑在内)，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan．
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