2013年英语四级考试每日一练(1月8日)
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1. Questions63-62 are based on the following passage. The era of the cowboy really began after the Civil War (1861-1865). During this decisive war the Texas cattle had roamed undisturbed in the wild, breeding freely on the plains and greatly increasing in number. By the end of the war, however, Texas was filled with wild cattle. The people in the mushrooming cities of the East and in the Middle West wanted more meat for their diet and local farmers could not keep up with their demands. Therefore, the need for the cowboy emerged from the demands of the people and the nature Of the culture.
An image of American folklore which has inspired songs, stories, folk tales and legends has been the cowboy. These romantic figures of the wild frontier probably can trace their origin back to the time of the Spanish conquistadors. The Spanish brought with them to the New World many young men who were experienced with cattle and horses. They were to evolve into the modem-day cowboy. These men were handy with tools and knew how to handle a horse. Some of them discovered the use of rope to catch cattle and developed the lariat.
Their life was not an easy one. In winter they watched over the herds and in the springtime they selected cattle for market, often driving herds of them hundreds of miles to the nearest town. The cattle were then sold to buyers and the routine would start all over again.
The life of a cowboy was an outdoor one endttred nnder harsh conditions. His wide-brimmed hat protected him from the glaring summer sun and his heavy leather jacket and gloves were his defense against the cold winters.
His workday was long beginning before sunrise and lasting well into the night. His best friend was his horse and he spent most of his waking hours in the saddle. His speech was a mixture of Spanish and English and at night by a campfire he wove his speech into songs about life on the prairie.
A great boon to the life of the cowboy was the building of the railroads which connected eastern cities to those out West.
In 1866 when the Kansas and Pacific railroad reached the small dusty village of Abilene in Kansas, the life of the cowboy was connected to the rest of the country. Hundreds of small cow towns grew up along the old trails which led the cattle to market,and thus the west became integrated into the economic life of the country.
Today the life of the cowboy is quite different from those early days after the Civil War. Helicopters rather than horses are now used to round up the cattle and modem technology used in the ranches has made the cowboy's life less formidable.
Yet, the legends which surround him continue to perpetuate his image as the masterful hero of the Wild West.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The appearance of the cowboy in the United States was due to __
A． the Civil War
B． the American culture
C． the high demand of beef
D． the wildness of the cattle
2. 根据以下材料回答62-32题：
From the first paragraph, we know __________
3. 阅读以下材料，完成32-12填空题：
翻译题
4. Maintaining proper weight is__________(可以采取的的步骤之一)to prevent many health conditions and diseases．
5. If we had set out earlier，__________ (我们就不会在雨中行走)．
6. She shut the window lest____________________ (外面的噪声会打扰她儿子睡觉)．
7. I ________________________(宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday.
8. It’s obvious that __________ (这个孩子已经被绑架了)．
9. There is a stereo type for those who have contracted HIV that they are bad elements or __________.
10. Directions : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.
The food we eat seems to have significant effects on our health. Although science has made enormous 1 in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, 2 cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to 3 certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new 4 . In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates (硝酸盐) and nitrites (亚硝酸盐), 5 used to preserve colors in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging 6 of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives that we eat are not all so 7 . Farmers often give penicillin to beef and fowl and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of 8 cows. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for 9 reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to 10 a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.
A．contract F．treated K．steps
B．labels G．measures L．signatures
E．direct H．obtain M．discovery
D．especially I．invention N．related
E．social J．commonly 0．financial
Although science has made enormous 1 in making food more fit to eat, it has,
1. Questions63-62 are based on the following passage. The era of the cowboy really began after the Civil War (1861-1865). During this decisive war the Texas cattle had roamed undisturbed in the wild, breeding freely on the plains and greatly increasing in number. By the end of the war, however, Texas was filled with wild cattle. The people in the mushrooming cities of the East and in the Middle West wanted more meat for their diet and local farmers could not keep up with their demands. Therefore, the need for the cowboy emerged from the demands of the people and the nature Of the culture.
An image of American folklore which has inspired songs, stories, folk tales and legends has been the cowboy. These romantic figures of the wild frontier probably can trace their origin back to the time of the Spanish conquistadors. The Spanish brought with them to the New World many young men who were experienced with cattle and horses. They were to evolve into the modem-day cowboy. These men were handy with tools and knew how to handle a horse. Some of them discovered the use of rope to catch cattle and developed the lariat.
Their life was not an easy one. In winter they watched over the herds and in the springtime they selected cattle for market, often driving herds of them hundreds of miles to the nearest town. The cattle were then sold to buyers and the routine would start all over again.
The life of a cowboy was an outdoor one endttred nnder harsh conditions. His wide-brimmed hat protected him from the glaring summer sun and his heavy leather jacket and gloves were his defense against the cold winters.
His workday was long beginning before sunrise and lasting well into the night. His best friend was his horse and he spent most of his waking hours in the saddle. His speech was a mixture of Spanish and English and at night by a campfire he wove his speech into songs about life on the prairie.
A great boon to the life of the cowboy was the building of the railroads which connected eastern cities to those out West.
In 1866 when the Kansas and Pacific railroad reached the small dusty village of Abilene in Kansas, the life of the cowboy was connected to the rest of the country. Hundreds of small cow towns grew up along the old trails which led the cattle to market,and thus the west became integrated into the economic life of the country.
Today the life of the cowboy is quite different from those early days after the Civil War. Helicopters rather than horses are now used to round up the cattle and modem technology used in the ranches has made the cowboy's life less formidable.
Yet, the legends which surround him continue to perpetuate his image as the masterful hero of the Wild West.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The appearance of the cowboy in the United States was due to __
A． the Civil War
B． the American culture
C． the high demand of beef
D． the wildness of the cattle
2. 根据以下材料回答62-32题：
From the first paragraph, we know __________
3. 阅读以下材料，完成32-12填空题：
翻译题
4. Maintaining proper weight is__________(可以采取的的步骤之一)to prevent many health conditions and diseases．
5. If we had set out earlier，__________ (我们就不会在雨中行走)．
6. She shut the window lest____________________ (外面的噪声会打扰她儿子睡觉)．
7. I ________________________(宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday.
8. It’s obvious that __________ (这个孩子已经被绑架了)．
9. There is a stereo type for those who have contracted HIV that they are bad elements or __________.
10. Directions : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.
The food we eat seems to have significant effects on our health. Although science has made enormous 1 in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, 2 cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to 3 certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new 4 . In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates (硝酸盐) and nitrites (亚硝酸盐), 5 used to preserve colors in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging 6 of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives that we eat are not all so 7 . Farmers often give penicillin to beef and fowl and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of 8 cows. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for 9 reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to 10 a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.
A．contract F．treated K．steps
B．labels G．measures L．signatures
E．direct H．obtain M．discovery
D．especially I．invention N．related
E．social J．commonly 0．financial
Although science has made enormous 1 in making food more fit to eat, it has,
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