2013年英语四级考试每日一练(6月13日)
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完型
1. 根据以下资料回答27-63题
2. Questions63-67are based on the following passage.InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said. With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Banks, utilities, and other businesses and
government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks.
Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.
A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident--one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim--can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's
computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. corn, CNN and Yahoo!
Several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility, Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard
chapter's board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said, "the Net is a wonderful place, but it's also a dangerous one."
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
From the first paragraph, we know __
A． InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime
B． InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration
C． there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states
D． private business and the government are now committing cyber crime
3. 根据以下材料回答67-9：
请在（67）处填上答案。
4. 请在(83)处填上答案.
A．our
B．your
C．their
D．such a
快速阅读2
5. Linguistic Ability of Children
A． Scientists may finally have an explanation for why children reign supreme when it comes to learning new language．Using MRI and animation technology to study the brains of children．researchers like Dr.Paul Thompson of UCLA have discovered that children are processing language information in a different region of the brain than adults．
B． There are different areas in the brain controlling different functions in our lives．When we brush our teeth，sign our names or drive a car，we don’t consciously think：“move the right hand up and down like this，”“capitalize this letter，”or“turn the wheel 30 degrees to the left．”These are examples of automatic brain function．When children acquire language，this same part of the brain， called the“deep motor area，”is what they use，so the language is like second nature．
C． But when adults learn a second or third language，their brains operate differently．The window of opportunity to imprint information and skills in the deep motor region of the brain is widest during early childhood and nearly shut by the time we reach about l 8．Therefore．adults have to store information elsewhere，in a more active brain region．As a consequence，adults usually think sentences through in a native tongue and then translate them word—by-word，instead of thinking automatically in another language as a child would．Even for people with extensive training in fl second language as an adult，who feel their speech is automatic，on a neurological level the brain is still operating differently from a child’s．
D． Research into the neurology of language acquisition is proving useful because understanding the“geographic”differences of language learning in children versus adults may influence teachers and their decisions about foreign language instruction. As an example, Thompson says simply teaching young children the sounds and accents of other languages at an earlier age may be valuable, even if they are not getting full instruction in the language. Learning those sounds later in life from a neurological perspective can be more difficult.
E. There is no proof of any physiological change that fundamentally alters language learning between childhood and adulthood. Non-physiological explanations are available for every observation made thus far, and they are just as plausible as the physiological explanations. The notion that children are physiologically different from adults with respect to language learning is accepted linguistic dogma, not proven fact. The dogma is most readily accepted by linguists who can't learn other languages, and is considered the most questionable by people who have learned languages with native proficiency in adulthood.
F. It is wrong to say that changes happen after a certain age, because it happens all the time. At early age, brains develop rapidly and it is important for a child to receive enough input to form and develop the language center in his bra
6. Questions 48-36are based on the following passage.
Water pollution affects man's health, recreational use of water, industrial of water and sense of beauty. The spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. In highly _47_ countries in particular, emphasis has _48_ from concern over bacterial
disease to concern over water-carried viral (病毒性的) disease. Viral hepatitis (肝炎), for example, has been found to 49 more frequently in cities whose water supplies have 50 high levels of water impurity. Poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.
It is clear that poisonous 51 must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides,fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. Since the public health 52 of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. The chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from groundwater pollution.
As man's desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of water. The water must not only be 53 in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. Sports such as swimming involve _54__ contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.
The range of water quality necessary for 55 processes varies greatly with the intended use of water. The water used in steel mills, for example, must have a lower chloride (氯化物 ) level than that accepted for drinking water. Cooling water can Of ten be of comparatively low sanitary quality. A large part of the water used in the paper-making industry can be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must 56 little iron and carbon dioxide.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
请作答（47）______
7.
根据你所听到的回答36-47题：
请在（36）处填上答案。
8. 根据以下材料回答{TSE}题：
请在（47）处填上答案。
9.
写作
10. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Popularity of Shanzhai. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below.
1．现在“山寨”很流行
2．人们对此看法不一
3．我的看法
Popularity of Shanzhai
1. 根据以下资料回答27-63题
2. Questions63-67are based on the following passage.InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said. With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Banks, utilities, and other businesses and
government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks.
Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.
A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident--one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim--can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's
computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. corn, CNN and Yahoo!
Several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility, Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard
chapter's board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said, "the Net is a wonderful place, but it's also a dangerous one."
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
From the first paragraph, we know __
A． InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime
B． InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration
C． there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states
D． private business and the government are now committing cyber crime
3. 根据以下材料回答67-9：
请在（67）处填上答案。
4. 请在(83)处填上答案.
A．our
B．your
C．their
D．such a
快速阅读2
5. Linguistic Ability of Children
A． Scientists may finally have an explanation for why children reign supreme when it comes to learning new language．Using MRI and animation technology to study the brains of children．researchers like Dr.Paul Thompson of UCLA have discovered that children are processing language information in a different region of the brain than adults．
B． There are different areas in the brain controlling different functions in our lives．When we brush our teeth，sign our names or drive a car，we don’t consciously think：“move the right hand up and down like this，”“capitalize this letter，”or“turn the wheel 30 degrees to the left．”These are examples of automatic brain function．When children acquire language，this same part of the brain， called the“deep motor area，”is what they use，so the language is like second nature．
C． But when adults learn a second or third language，their brains operate differently．The window of opportunity to imprint information and skills in the deep motor region of the brain is widest during early childhood and nearly shut by the time we reach about l 8．Therefore．adults have to store information elsewhere，in a more active brain region．As a consequence，adults usually think sentences through in a native tongue and then translate them word—by-word，instead of thinking automatically in another language as a child would．Even for people with extensive training in fl second language as an adult，who feel their speech is automatic，on a neurological level the brain is still operating differently from a child’s．
D． Research into the neurology of language acquisition is proving useful because understanding the“geographic”differences of language learning in children versus adults may influence teachers and their decisions about foreign language instruction. As an example, Thompson says simply teaching young children the sounds and accents of other languages at an earlier age may be valuable, even if they are not getting full instruction in the language. Learning those sounds later in life from a neurological perspective can be more difficult.
E. There is no proof of any physiological change that fundamentally alters language learning between childhood and adulthood. Non-physiological explanations are available for every observation made thus far, and they are just as plausible as the physiological explanations. The notion that children are physiologically different from adults with respect to language learning is accepted linguistic dogma, not proven fact. The dogma is most readily accepted by linguists who can't learn other languages, and is considered the most questionable by people who have learned languages with native proficiency in adulthood.
F. It is wrong to say that changes happen after a certain age, because it happens all the time. At early age, brains develop rapidly and it is important for a child to receive enough input to form and develop the language center in his bra
6. Questions 48-36are based on the following passage.
Water pollution affects man's health, recreational use of water, industrial of water and sense of beauty. The spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. In highly _47_ countries in particular, emphasis has _48_ from concern over bacterial
disease to concern over water-carried viral (病毒性的) disease. Viral hepatitis (肝炎), for example, has been found to 49 more frequently in cities whose water supplies have 50 high levels of water impurity. Poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.
It is clear that poisonous 51 must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides,fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. Since the public health 52 of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. The chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from groundwater pollution.
As man's desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of water. The water must not only be 53 in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. Sports such as swimming involve _54__ contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.
The range of water quality necessary for 55 processes varies greatly with the intended use of water. The water used in steel mills, for example, must have a lower chloride (氯化物 ) level than that accepted for drinking water. Cooling water can Of ten be of comparatively low sanitary quality. A large part of the water used in the paper-making industry can be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must 56 little iron and carbon dioxide.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
请作答（47）______
7.
点击播放
根据你所听到的回答36-47题：
请在（36）处填上答案。
8. 根据以下材料回答{TSE}题：
请在（47）处填上答案。
9.
写作
10. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Popularity of Shanzhai. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below.
1．现在“山寨”很流行
2．人们对此看法不一
3．我的看法
Popularity of Shanzhai
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