2013年英语四级考试每日一练(8月29日)
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1. 根据以下资料，回答62-1题。
Project X is intended for helping the young African immigrants to_________．
A． A)get over language barriers
B． B)overcome tough problems
C． C)enrich after-school life
D． D)become more creative
2. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A．They have stopped sending homing signal
B．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazi
C．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructe
D．There is still a good chance of their being recovere
3. 根据下列材料，请回答1-57题
Healthy habits can help you live longer
Leda Beierle has lived through World War I and II, the Great Depression, Louisville's 1937 flood and 18 US presidents,
When she was born 100 years ago, the Titanic had yet to sink.
Beierle, who is mentally sharp and lives on her own, suspects that she's still around because of "good living, "which she describes as no smoking or drinking, and good luck.
"I can't complain," she said, shortly after her birthday earlier this month. "I haven't had any serious matter with me. "
Some people live long because they've essentially won the genetic lottery, said Brian Kennedy, an expert on aging who also happens to be Beierle's grandson.
"They chose the right parents," said Kennedy, president and chief executive officer of the California-based Buck Institute for Research on Aging.
But for the rest of us, health behaviors do matter, he and others say.
"It's like 30 percent genetics, 70 percent lifestyle," said Dr. Deborah Danner of the Sanders-Brown Center on Aging at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, Ky. " After you turn 80, it's more genetics than anything else,because if you make it to 80 and you don't have heart disease, hypertension ( 高血压 )—— all those kind of things—— you're very unlikely to get them. "
Last year, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a study showing that people who practiced healthy habits lived longer than those who didn't. Those behaviors included eating healthfully, getting regular physical activity, keeping alcohol use moderate, and never smoking.
Dr. Roxanne Sukol, medical director of the Cleveland Clinic's Wellness Enterprise, tells people to place an emphasis on being active; making smart dietary choices such as avoiding trans fat; and managing stress.
"I think the most important choices that we make are at the intersection of those three aspects," said Sukol,who suggests shifting your diet away from packaged and processed foods. "Soda, potato chips, even granola bars...I don't eat anything that has 52 ingredients in the ingredient list. "
She also advocates a daily walk or other physical activity, such as yard work.
Kennedy suggests getting good-quality sleep and taking steps to slash excess calories.
Cutting back on red meat also might be helpful. In a study published online this month by the Archives of Internal Medicine, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health found that regular consumption of red meat,especially processed meat, was associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Eating one serving a day of unprocessed red meat was associated with a 13 percent risk of mortality. Having a serving a day of processed meat, such as one hot dog or two slices of bacon, was associated with a 20 percent increased risk.
In a study published online this month by the Journal of the American Medical Association, people who met a half dozen or more recommended cardiovascular health measures had a lower risk of death than people who met a lot fewer ones. The factors or behaviors included being physically active, eating a healthy diet and not smoking.
Other factors included having normal blood pressure, blood sugar, total cholesterol (胆固醇 ．and weight.
Sukol strongly recommends not smoking.
Cigarette smoking "is associated with a number of serious illnesses, not the least of which is hardening of the arteries, and that affects your heart, your brain, your kidneys, everything," she said.
Positivity also may play a role in living longer.
Danner and colleagues analyzed the autobiographies of about 180 Catholic nuns, scoring them on emotional content. The autobiographies were written when the women were in their late teens and early 20s.
"Some were more positive than others," said Danner, director of education and outreach for the Alzheimer's Disease Center at Sanders-Brown. "They would have similar events, but some people would describe them as just matter-of-fact-‘ I was bore'-in contrast to ‘I was welcomed into this joyous world.' "
The study, which was published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in May 2001, "found that the sisters who used more positive emotion words in those early writings lived 8 to 10 years longer," Danner said.
"If you're more positive, something bad can happen, but you're quickly able to work through it," she said.
"And as you do that, then it has less stress on your body's organs. "
Some of Beierle's relatives credit her positivity, in addition to good genes, with helping her to live to age 100.
Beierle, a mother of two, also stayed active for most of her life, doing things like swimming and award-winning bowling.
But Kennedy, 45, said many centenarians have not followed the health advice being preached today.
"If you ask centenarians when they were in their 50s what did they do, what you find is that they tended to be a little bit heavier than the average population, they were more likely to smoke, they did drink a little bit less, but that's even a bit surprising because moderate alcohol consumption is associated with longevity," he said.
"They weren't vegetarians. They didn't exercise. Nothing we tell people to do. But they're the exception, not the rule. "
Ultimately, Kennedy said, "You can take charge of your own aging. "
Beierle thinks she lives long because __________.
A．she exercises a lot
B．she doesn't take things seriously
C．she has a good lifestyle and good luck
D．she has good genetics
4. Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The study published in the journal Nature indicates that __
5. 根据下列材料请回答47-47题：When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air.
Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A．vast
B．supplying
C．shifted
D．sense
E) replace
F) reduced
G) protect
H) powering
I) incredibly
J) historic
K) expand
L) exceptions
M) doubtful
N) clumsy
O) accommodations
翻译题
6. It__________ (直到失去健康) people know the importance of health．
7. Aromatherapy is___________ (不仅有利于放松，而且对减肥也很有效)．
8. 根据以下材料回答{TSE}：
请在（47）处填上答案。
9.
10. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?
A．People should be warned of its harmful consequences.
B．It has become virtually inevitable.
C．It has been somewhat exaggerated.
D．People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.
1. 根据以下资料，回答62-1题。
Project X is intended for helping the young African immigrants to_________．
A． A)get over language barriers
B． B)overcome tough problems
C． C)enrich after-school life
D． D)become more creative
2. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A．They have stopped sending homing signal
B．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazi
C．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructe
D．There is still a good chance of their being recovere
3. 根据下列材料，请回答1-57题
Healthy habits can help you live longer
Leda Beierle has lived through World War I and II, the Great Depression, Louisville's 1937 flood and 18 US presidents,
When she was born 100 years ago, the Titanic had yet to sink.
Beierle, who is mentally sharp and lives on her own, suspects that she's still around because of "good living, "which she describes as no smoking or drinking, and good luck.
"I can't complain," she said, shortly after her birthday earlier this month. "I haven't had any serious matter with me. "
Some people live long because they've essentially won the genetic lottery, said Brian Kennedy, an expert on aging who also happens to be Beierle's grandson.
"They chose the right parents," said Kennedy, president and chief executive officer of the California-based Buck Institute for Research on Aging.
But for the rest of us, health behaviors do matter, he and others say.
"It's like 30 percent genetics, 70 percent lifestyle," said Dr. Deborah Danner of the Sanders-Brown Center on Aging at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, Ky. " After you turn 80, it's more genetics than anything else,because if you make it to 80 and you don't have heart disease, hypertension ( 高血压 )—— all those kind of things—— you're very unlikely to get them. "
Last year, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a study showing that people who practiced healthy habits lived longer than those who didn't. Those behaviors included eating healthfully, getting regular physical activity, keeping alcohol use moderate, and never smoking.
Dr. Roxanne Sukol, medical director of the Cleveland Clinic's Wellness Enterprise, tells people to place an emphasis on being active; making smart dietary choices such as avoiding trans fat; and managing stress.
"I think the most important choices that we make are at the intersection of those three aspects," said Sukol,who suggests shifting your diet away from packaged and processed foods. "Soda, potato chips, even granola bars...I don't eat anything that has 52 ingredients in the ingredient list. "
She also advocates a daily walk or other physical activity, such as yard work.
Kennedy suggests getting good-quality sleep and taking steps to slash excess calories.
Cutting back on red meat also might be helpful. In a study published online this month by the Archives of Internal Medicine, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health found that regular consumption of red meat,especially processed meat, was associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Eating one serving a day of unprocessed red meat was associated with a 13 percent risk of mortality. Having a serving a day of processed meat, such as one hot dog or two slices of bacon, was associated with a 20 percent increased risk.
In a study published online this month by the Journal of the American Medical Association, people who met a half dozen or more recommended cardiovascular health measures had a lower risk of death than people who met a lot fewer ones. The factors or behaviors included being physically active, eating a healthy diet and not smoking.
Other factors included having normal blood pressure, blood sugar, total cholesterol (胆固醇 ．and weight.
Sukol strongly recommends not smoking.
Cigarette smoking "is associated with a number of serious illnesses, not the least of which is hardening of the arteries, and that affects your heart, your brain, your kidneys, everything," she said.
Positivity also may play a role in living longer.
Danner and colleagues analyzed the autobiographies of about 180 Catholic nuns, scoring them on emotional content. The autobiographies were written when the women were in their late teens and early 20s.
"Some were more positive than others," said Danner, director of education and outreach for the Alzheimer's Disease Center at Sanders-Brown. "They would have similar events, but some people would describe them as just matter-of-fact-‘ I was bore'-in contrast to ‘I was welcomed into this joyous world.' "
The study, which was published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in May 2001, "found that the sisters who used more positive emotion words in those early writings lived 8 to 10 years longer," Danner said.
"If you're more positive, something bad can happen, but you're quickly able to work through it," she said.
"And as you do that, then it has less stress on your body's organs. "
Some of Beierle's relatives credit her positivity, in addition to good genes, with helping her to live to age 100.
Beierle, a mother of two, also stayed active for most of her life, doing things like swimming and award-winning bowling.
But Kennedy, 45, said many centenarians have not followed the health advice being preached today.
"If you ask centenarians when they were in their 50s what did they do, what you find is that they tended to be a little bit heavier than the average population, they were more likely to smoke, they did drink a little bit less, but that's even a bit surprising because moderate alcohol consumption is associated with longevity," he said.
"They weren't vegetarians. They didn't exercise. Nothing we tell people to do. But they're the exception, not the rule. "
Ultimately, Kennedy said, "You can take charge of your own aging. "
Beierle thinks she lives long because __________.
A．she exercises a lot
B．she doesn't take things seriously
C．she has a good lifestyle and good luck
D．she has good genetics
4. Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The study published in the journal Nature indicates that __
5. 根据下列材料请回答47-47题：When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air.
Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A．vast
B．supplying
C．shifted
D．sense
E) replace
F) reduced
G) protect
H) powering
I) incredibly
J) historic
K) expand
L) exceptions
M) doubtful
N) clumsy
O) accommodations
翻译题
6. It__________ (直到失去健康) people know the importance of health．
7. Aromatherapy is___________ (不仅有利于放松，而且对减肥也很有效)．
8. 根据以下材料回答{TSE}：
请在（47）处填上答案。
9.
10. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?
A．People should be warned of its harmful consequences.
B．It has become virtually inevitable.
C．It has been somewhat exaggerated.
D．People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.
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