2013年英语四级考试每日一练(9月14日)
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1. Questions27-21are Based on the following passage.
One airline chief executive officer (CEO) was the master of the personal touch. Spending hours with his employees and getting, to know their joBs, he persuaded them to accept pay cuts in return for an ownership stake. The concession put the company so solidly in the Black that the CEO was aBle to sell it for $ 860 million.Another CEO scolded managers in front of others, cut one third of the work force and so emBittered the survivors that his airline Began to lose money, and the Board of directors fired him.
In any test of knowledge or IQ, the two CEOs would have dueled to a draw. The difference was their aBility to handle relationships, argues Daniel Goleman in Iris new Book, Working With E- motional Intelligence. Building on his 1995 Bestseller, Emotional Intelligence, Goleman now proBes how EI relates to the world of work.As he did in his earlier Book, Goleman masterfully ex- plains how a low EI hinders people's full intellectual potential By flooding the Brain with stress hormones that impair memory, learning and thinking. The heart of the Book, though, is an analysis of data collected from more than 150 firms on what distinguishes so-so performers from superstars. Goleman's findings : conventional intelligence takes second position to emotional intelligence in determining joB performance. In joBs ranging from repairman to scientist, IQ accounts for no more than 25 percent of the difference Between, say, a successful high-tech entrepreneur and a failed one. In another surprise, the contriBution of IQ shrinks and the contriBution of EI rises with the difficulty of a joB and how high it ranks in an organization. Based on traits that companies say distinguish winners from losers, Goleman concludes that EI carries much more weight than IQ in deter- mining success at the top.
However, the many examples of CEOs and other people in top positions who have the emotional intelligence of a snake -- But still were CEOs -- undermine the case for EIs indispensaBility in Business. But even if you accept that EI determines who excels, you have to wonder if it should. Goleman descriBes how 112 entry-level accountants were judged more or less successful By their Bosses according to their level of EI rather than their actual skill. No wonder so many auditors fail to notice cooked Books.
According to Goleman, the Biggest difference Between the two CEOs descriBed in the first paragraph lies in__________
A.their attitude toward their employees
B.their emotional intelligence
C.their conventional intelligence
D.their Business strategy
2. Children model themselves largely on their parents.
They do so mainly through identification. Children identify 67 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 68 of that parent. The things parents do and say and the 69 they do and say to them therefore strongly influence a child's 70 . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 71 they want their child to become.
A parent's actions 72 affect the self-image that a child forms 73 identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 74 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 75 qualities in their parents will have difficulty 76 positive qualities in themselves. Children may 77 their self-image, however, as they become increasingly 78 by peers groups' standards before they grow up.
Isolated events, 79 dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent 80 on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, for 81 , accept the divorce of their parents' or a parent's early 82 . But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events __83 a sign of rejection or punishment.
In the same way, all children are not influenced 84 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 85 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the effect of an activity or experience depends on how the child 86 it.阅读以上文章,回答21-68题
请在(67)处填上答案。
A.to
B.with
C.around
D.for
3. 回答68-63题
An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentratedas that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services: forinstance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbors. Thearea of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital andambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer andinformation services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, thewhole economic system is in danger.
It is this economic interdependency of the economic system whichmakes the power of trade unions (工会)such an important issue. Single trade unionshave the ability to cut off many countries' economic blood supply.
This can happen more easily in Britain than in some othercountries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55 percentof British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the UnitedStates.
For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to developalong trade (行业) and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industrybasis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement ofprocedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.
There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade unionmovement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Someunions have lost many members because of their industrial changes.
Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workersin new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions,which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a sourceof bad feelings between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushedout of existence by advancing technologies,unions can fight for their members'disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatenedor destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and inBritain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on totheir traditional highly-paid jobs.
Trade unions have problems of internal communication just asmanagers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or inthose which bring workers in very different industries together into a single generalunion.Some tradeunion officials have to be re.elected regularly;others are elected,or even appointed,for life.Trade union officials have to workwith a system of“shop stewards”(工厂工人代表)in many unions,“shop stewards”being workers elected by other workers as theirrepresentatives at factory or work level.
Why is the trade union power crucial in Britain
A.Because the economy is very interdependent.
B.Because the unions have been established a long time.
C.Because there are more unions in Britain than elsewhere.
D.Because there are many essential services offered by the unions.
4.
根据以上内容,回答63-67题。
According to the first paragraph, women leaders fear that they may be regarded as __________
A. A) inconsiderate
B. B) lacking in womanliness
C. C) incompetent
D. D) lacking in leadership
5. 根据以下资料回答{TSE}题:
第(1)题__________
快速阅读2
6. What did Cerling’s team produce in their research?
A.A map showing the regional differences of tap water.
B.A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.
C.A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.
D.A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.
7. Another interpretation to Senju's findings is that contagious yawning is thought to be cued by ___
[A] movements in the yawning person's mouth area
[B] yawning person's appearance
[C] changes on emotion reaction
[D] changes around the yawning person's eyes
8. 4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.
[A] tend to develop a strong love for science
[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife
[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood
[D] are less likely to be involved in bullying
写作
9. Directions: For this part ,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Hope Project. You should write at least 120 words. The beginning of each paragragh is given, you should go on with it.
Hope Project
In 1989, the Hope Project program was initiated to enable children living in poverty-stricken rural areas to continue their education. …
As a university student, I have done what I can for the program …
10. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Is It Good to Take a Part-time Job? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.
1)有人认为有一份兼职工作对大学生来说很有好处。
2)也有人认为大学生不应该出去兼职。
3)你的观点是……注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. Questions27-21are Based on the following passage.
One airline chief executive officer (CEO) was the master of the personal touch. Spending hours with his employees and getting, to know their joBs, he persuaded them to accept pay cuts in return for an ownership stake. The concession put the company so solidly in the Black that the CEO was aBle to sell it for $ 860 million.Another CEO scolded managers in front of others, cut one third of the work force and so emBittered the survivors that his airline Began to lose money, and the Board of directors fired him.
In any test of knowledge or IQ, the two CEOs would have dueled to a draw. The difference was their aBility to handle relationships, argues Daniel Goleman in Iris new Book, Working With E- motional Intelligence. Building on his 1995 Bestseller, Emotional Intelligence, Goleman now proBes how EI relates to the world of work.As he did in his earlier Book, Goleman masterfully ex- plains how a low EI hinders people's full intellectual potential By flooding the Brain with stress hormones that impair memory, learning and thinking. The heart of the Book, though, is an analysis of data collected from more than 150 firms on what distinguishes so-so performers from superstars. Goleman's findings : conventional intelligence takes second position to emotional intelligence in determining joB performance. In joBs ranging from repairman to scientist, IQ accounts for no more than 25 percent of the difference Between, say, a successful high-tech entrepreneur and a failed one. In another surprise, the contriBution of IQ shrinks and the contriBution of EI rises with the difficulty of a joB and how high it ranks in an organization. Based on traits that companies say distinguish winners from losers, Goleman concludes that EI carries much more weight than IQ in deter- mining success at the top.
However, the many examples of CEOs and other people in top positions who have the emotional intelligence of a snake -- But still were CEOs -- undermine the case for EIs indispensaBility in Business. But even if you accept that EI determines who excels, you have to wonder if it should. Goleman descriBes how 112 entry-level accountants were judged more or less successful By their Bosses according to their level of EI rather than their actual skill. No wonder so many auditors fail to notice cooked Books.
According to Goleman, the Biggest difference Between the two CEOs descriBed in the first paragraph lies in__________
A.their attitude toward their employees
B.their emotional intelligence
C.their conventional intelligence
D.their Business strategy
2. Children model themselves largely on their parents.
They do so mainly through identification. Children identify 67 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 68 of that parent. The things parents do and say and the 69 they do and say to them therefore strongly influence a child's 70 . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 71 they want their child to become.
A parent's actions 72 affect the self-image that a child forms 73 identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 74 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 75 qualities in their parents will have difficulty 76 positive qualities in themselves. Children may 77 their self-image, however, as they become increasingly 78 by peers groups' standards before they grow up.
Isolated events, 79 dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent 80 on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, for 81 , accept the divorce of their parents' or a parent's early 82 . But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events __83 a sign of rejection or punishment.
In the same way, all children are not influenced 84 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 85 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the effect of an activity or experience depends on how the child 86 it.阅读以上文章,回答21-68题
请在(67)处填上答案。
A.to
B.with
C.around
D.for
3. 回答68-63题
An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentratedas that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services: forinstance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbors. Thearea of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital andambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer andinformation services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, thewhole economic system is in danger.
It is this economic interdependency of the economic system whichmakes the power of trade unions (工会)such an important issue. Single trade unionshave the ability to cut off many countries' economic blood supply.
This can happen more easily in Britain than in some othercountries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55 percentof British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the UnitedStates.
For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to developalong trade (行业) and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industrybasis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement ofprocedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.
There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade unionmovement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Someunions have lost many members because of their industrial changes.
Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workersin new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions,which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a sourceof bad feelings between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushedout of existence by advancing technologies,unions can fight for their members'disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatenedor destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and inBritain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on totheir traditional highly-paid jobs.
Trade unions have problems of internal communication just asmanagers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or inthose which bring workers in very different industries together into a single generalunion.Some tradeunion officials have to be re.elected regularly;others are elected,or even appointed,for life.Trade union officials have to workwith a system of“shop stewards”(工厂工人代表)in many unions,“shop stewards”being workers elected by other workers as theirrepresentatives at factory or work level.
Why is the trade union power crucial in Britain
A.Because the economy is very interdependent.
B.Because the unions have been established a long time.
C.Because there are more unions in Britain than elsewhere.
D.Because there are many essential services offered by the unions.
4.
根据以上内容,回答63-67题。
According to the first paragraph, women leaders fear that they may be regarded as __________
A. A) inconsiderate
B. B) lacking in womanliness
C. C) incompetent
D. D) lacking in leadership
5. 根据以下资料回答{TSE}题:
第(1)题__________
快速阅读2
6. What did Cerling’s team produce in their research?
A.A map showing the regional differences of tap water.
B.A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.
C.A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.
D.A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.
7. Another interpretation to Senju's findings is that contagious yawning is thought to be cued by ___
[A] movements in the yawning person's mouth area
[B] yawning person's appearance
[C] changes on emotion reaction
[D] changes around the yawning person's eyes
8. 4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.
[A] tend to develop a strong love for science
[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife
[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood
[D] are less likely to be involved in bullying
写作
9. Directions: For this part ,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Hope Project. You should write at least 120 words. The beginning of each paragragh is given, you should go on with it.
Hope Project
In 1989, the Hope Project program was initiated to enable children living in poverty-stricken rural areas to continue their education. …
As a university student, I have done what I can for the program …
10. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Is It Good to Take a Part-time Job? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.
1)有人认为有一份兼职工作对大学生来说很有好处。
2)也有人认为大学生不应该出去兼职。
3)你的观点是……注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
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