2013年英语四级考试每日一练(10月25日)
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1. 根据下列材料，请回答48-68题
Worried about what people are saying about you? Concerns about gossip could influence behavior, including generosity, researchers said.
"As it turns out, the act of gossip can indeed be quite powerful," said Jared Piazza of Queen's University in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Piazza and Jesse M. Beringa studied the 47 of 72 college students who were asked to distribute tokens(代金券)with a monetary value between themselves and someone else.
Half of the group were 48 told their decision would be discussed with a third party.
"Participants who were told that the receiver would be communicating their economic decision with the third party were49 more generous in their allocations of the tokens than participants who were not50 to believe that their decisions would be discussed," Piazza and Beringa said in the study published in the journal Human Behavior.
They added that the most 51 strategy from an economic standpoint would have been for a student to52 all 10 tokens to him or herself, but the threat of gossip seemed to have53their decision.
Although gender did not play a major role in the study, men were slightly more54 than women.
"Allocations of males were, on average, slightly greater than allocations of females, although there were almost twice as many female participants," the researchers 55
A previous study showed that gossip is more powerful than truth, suggesting people believe what they hear through the grapevine even if they have evidence to the56.
A．added
B．beneficial
C．swayed
D．fabricated
E．reactions
F．made
G．still
H．significantly
I．allocate
J．thought
K．contrary
L．also
M．generous
N．led
O．economical
请在____47______处填上答案
2.
根据以上内容，回答68-58题。
A) as
B) for
C) once
D) since
3. Questions 58-32are based on the following passage.
The passage mainly discusses __________
4. 请在(73)处填上答案.
A．Fortunately
B．In fact
C．Logically
D．Unfortunately
5. 根据上述材料回答32-9题：
请回答第1题
快速阅读2
6. Directions : In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 9-12, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Another Intelligence
Emotional intelligence as a theory was first brought to public attention by the book. Emotional Intelligence, Why It can Matter More Than IQ by Daniel Goleman, but the theory itself is, in fact,attributed to two Americans, John D Mayer and Peter Salovey. What is emotional intelligence exactly? According to Goleman, Emotional Intelligence consists of five key elements. The first is knowing one's own emotions : being able to recognize that one is in an emotional state and having the ability to identify which emotion is being experienced, even if it is not a particularly comfortable feeling to admit to, e. g., jealously or envy.
Emotional awareness can then lead to managing one's emotions. This involves dealing with e-motions, like jealousy, resentment, anger, etc. that one may have difficulty accepting, by, per-haps, giving oneself comfort food, or doing nice things when one is feeling low. Many people do this instinctively by buying chocolate or treating themselves; others are able to wrap themselves in positive thoughts or mother themselves. There are, of course, many people who are incapable of doing this, and so need to be taught. The third area is self-motivation. Our emotions can simultaneously empower and hinder us, so it is important to develop the ability to control them. Strategies can be learnt whereby emotions are set aside to be dealt with at a later date. For example, when dealing with the success or good fortune of others, it is better not to suppress any negative emotion that arises. One just has to recognize it is there. And then one just needs to be extra careful when making decisions and not allow one's emotions to cloud the issue, by letting them dictate how one functions with that person. The separation of logic and emotion is not easy when dealing with people.
As Social beings, we need to be able to deal with other people, which brings us to the next item on Goleman' s list, namely : recognizing emotions in other people. This means, in effect, having or developing "social radar", i.e. learning to read the weather systems around individual or groups of people. Obviously, leading on from this is the ability to handle relationships. If we can recognize, understand and then deal with other people's emotions, we can function better both socially and professionally. Not being tangible, emotions are difficult to analyze and quantify, com-pounded by the fact that each area in the list above, does not operate in isolation. Each of us has misread a friend's or a colleague's behavior to us and other people. The classic example is the shy person, categorized by some people as arrogant and distant and by others as lively and friendly and very personable.
7. 4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.
[A] tend to develop a strong love for science
[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife
[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood
[D] are less likely to be involved in bullying
8. 根据以下资料回答12-63题
Why does the author state that icebergs are rarely seen?
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
9. 根据下列材料请回答{TSE}题：
High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school
“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”
On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.
According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.
The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.
During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance climinated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.
Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.
“Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren't so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the worlD．Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?
A．Most customers won't bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.
B．Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.
C．Few customers believe the service will be improved.
D．Customers have no easy access to store managers.
写作
10. A Letter to the University President
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write A，Letter to the University President．You should write at least l20 words following the outline given below in Chinese：
1．学校教学应该注重培养学生的学习方法
2．学校应该丰富学生的校园生活
1. 根据下列材料，请回答48-68题
Worried about what people are saying about you? Concerns about gossip could influence behavior, including generosity, researchers said.
"As it turns out, the act of gossip can indeed be quite powerful," said Jared Piazza of Queen's University in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Piazza and Jesse M. Beringa studied the 47 of 72 college students who were asked to distribute tokens(代金券)with a monetary value between themselves and someone else.
Half of the group were 48 told their decision would be discussed with a third party.
"Participants who were told that the receiver would be communicating their economic decision with the third party were49 more generous in their allocations of the tokens than participants who were not50 to believe that their decisions would be discussed," Piazza and Beringa said in the study published in the journal Human Behavior.
They added that the most 51 strategy from an economic standpoint would have been for a student to52 all 10 tokens to him or herself, but the threat of gossip seemed to have53their decision.
Although gender did not play a major role in the study, men were slightly more54 than women.
"Allocations of males were, on average, slightly greater than allocations of females, although there were almost twice as many female participants," the researchers 55
A previous study showed that gossip is more powerful than truth, suggesting people believe what they hear through the grapevine even if they have evidence to the56.
A．added
B．beneficial
C．swayed
D．fabricated
E．reactions
F．made
G．still
H．significantly
I．allocate
J．thought
K．contrary
L．also
M．generous
N．led
O．economical
请在____47______处填上答案
2.
根据以上内容，回答68-58题。
A) as
B) for
C) once
D) since
3. Questions 58-32are based on the following passage.
The passage mainly discusses __________
4. 请在(73)处填上答案.
A．Fortunately
B．In fact
C．Logically
D．Unfortunately
5. 根据上述材料回答32-9题：
请回答第1题
快速阅读2
6. Directions : In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 9-12, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Another Intelligence
Emotional intelligence as a theory was first brought to public attention by the book. Emotional Intelligence, Why It can Matter More Than IQ by Daniel Goleman, but the theory itself is, in fact,attributed to two Americans, John D Mayer and Peter Salovey. What is emotional intelligence exactly? According to Goleman, Emotional Intelligence consists of five key elements. The first is knowing one's own emotions : being able to recognize that one is in an emotional state and having the ability to identify which emotion is being experienced, even if it is not a particularly comfortable feeling to admit to, e. g., jealously or envy.
Emotional awareness can then lead to managing one's emotions. This involves dealing with e-motions, like jealousy, resentment, anger, etc. that one may have difficulty accepting, by, per-haps, giving oneself comfort food, or doing nice things when one is feeling low. Many people do this instinctively by buying chocolate or treating themselves; others are able to wrap themselves in positive thoughts or mother themselves. There are, of course, many people who are incapable of doing this, and so need to be taught. The third area is self-motivation. Our emotions can simultaneously empower and hinder us, so it is important to develop the ability to control them. Strategies can be learnt whereby emotions are set aside to be dealt with at a later date. For example, when dealing with the success or good fortune of others, it is better not to suppress any negative emotion that arises. One just has to recognize it is there. And then one just needs to be extra careful when making decisions and not allow one's emotions to cloud the issue, by letting them dictate how one functions with that person. The separation of logic and emotion is not easy when dealing with people.
As Social beings, we need to be able to deal with other people, which brings us to the next item on Goleman' s list, namely : recognizing emotions in other people. This means, in effect, having or developing "social radar", i.e. learning to read the weather systems around individual or groups of people. Obviously, leading on from this is the ability to handle relationships. If we can recognize, understand and then deal with other people's emotions, we can function better both socially and professionally. Not being tangible, emotions are difficult to analyze and quantify, com-pounded by the fact that each area in the list above, does not operate in isolation. Each of us has misread a friend's or a colleague's behavior to us and other people. The classic example is the shy person, categorized by some people as arrogant and distant and by others as lively and friendly and very personable.
7. 4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.
[A] tend to develop a strong love for science
[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife
[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood
[D] are less likely to be involved in bullying
8. 根据以下资料回答12-63题
Why does the author state that icebergs are rarely seen?
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
9. 根据下列材料请回答{TSE}题：
High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school
“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”
On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.
According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.
The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.
During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance climinated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.
Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.
“Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren't so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the worlD．Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?
A．Most customers won't bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.
B．Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.
C．Few customers believe the service will be improved.
D．Customers have no easy access to store managers.
写作
10. A Letter to the University President
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write A，Letter to the University President．You should write at least l20 words following the outline given below in Chinese：
1．学校教学应该注重培养学生的学习方法
2．学校应该丰富学生的校园生活
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