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1. ϣش58-35⣺
Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify our moods and our actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness ( ˳), and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual's behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine ( ڷ) glands () and the body's changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging.
Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology (ڷѧ) as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormones
secreting. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal ( ) walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas ( ) to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues, Bayliss and Starling demonstrated that chemical integration can occur without participation of the nervous system.
The term "hormone" was first used with reference to secreting. Starling derived the word from the Greek hormone, meaning "to excite or set in motion". The term "endocrine" was introduced shortly thereafter.
"Endocrine" is used to refer to glands that secrete products into the bloodstream. The term "endocrine" contrasts with "exocrine ()", which is applied to glands that secrete their products through ducts () to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secretes pancreatic juice through a duct into the intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, while endocrine glands are called ductless glands.

The author's main purpose in this passage is to__________.
Aexplain the specific functions
Bprovide general information about hormones
Cexplain how the term "hormone" evolved
Dreport on experiments in endocrinology

2. Question35-63are based on the following passage.When the Earth shook here on March 26th, 2000, it helped geologists to figure out how the Earth around Seattle would shake during the real thing less than a year later.
When Seattle's Kingdome was demolished with explosives, more than 200 seismic recorders caught every rattle and roll.
Tom Brochcr of the U.S. Geological Survey says, "You can see the red waves traveling away from the Kingdome. "
The areas that shook the worst then also shook the worst when the six point eight (on the Richter scale ) Nisqually earthquake hit.
"'We shouldn't be surprised to see damage at Boeing field and at the port of Seattle where we did see damage, because in both of those areas the ground shook longer and harder than other parts of Seattle."
It's what's known as a slab quake (located) 36 miles below the surface where the Juan de Fuca plate slab is diving underneath the North American plate. Geologists believe the plate bent, causing it to crack, and sending shock waves to the surface.
Tom Brocher says, "As soon as we knew it was a deep earthquake--that it was this type of earthquake-we immediately put out the word that we should expect very few aftershocks.
There were only 4. In San Francisco's Loma Prieta earthquake here in 1989 which was closer to the surface, there were 120 afiershocks. The fact that "deep-focus" earthquakes have fewer afrershocks still puzzles geologists.
Brocher says, "What we can tell people is you're not going to have these ( aftershocks ). What we can't tell them why. And that's a research issue. ""
Geologists say the Nisqually quake originated from almost the same spot as the 1949 quake there, and had the same damage patterns. There were fewer landslides this year because of the lack of rain.
Over the next year and hal~ researchers want to set offexplosives at the surface near Seattle, aimed at the slab 37 miles below.
The waves will then bounce offthe slab and reflect back to the surface giving information about where the plate is and how it's moving. So, before the Earth moves again, geologists will have an idea which places might be destined to shake the hardest.
ע⣺˲ڴ⿨2
According to the passage, what caused the Earth around Seattle shake on March 26th, 2000?
A Nisqually earthquak
B Explosive
C Loma Prieta earthquak
D Aftershock
3.


Ķ£ش63-11





4.
ĶԻѡȷ________

5.
Questions {TSE}are based on the conversation you have just heard.
ݼʣ____
A Because she thinks there's no way anyone else could fit o
B Because she thinks that 20 minutes late for a train is pretty standar
C Because she finds that it's hard to find the commutin
D Because she was shocked by the complicated schedule
6. In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rentcontrolled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.
Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, lowpaying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.
Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.
Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if other things are equal. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .
Acause a shortage of apartments
Bworry those who rent apartments as homes
Cincrease the profits of landlords
Dencourage landlords to invest in building apartments

7. The film was so boring that____________________ (̲ס뿪˾糡)

8. It seems to the boy that____________________________(ûʲôȴҪ).
9.

10. It was imperative that____________________(ʮ֮ǰ籨)