2014年英语四级考试每日一练(4月16日)
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单项选择题
1、 Questions are based on the following passage.
You never see them, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,
how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their abilityto withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're knownas the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the Indiaocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a Frenchsubmarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five day; later, the discovery marked a huge
step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would trackbasic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which becamea requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early model,, often failed to withstand crashes,
however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane - the arealeast subject to impact - from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, theFederal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orangeor yellow to aid visibility.
Modem airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,
and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine nois,~s and other operating functions thathelp investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated ( 隔绝的) case andsurrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force andtemperatures up to 2,000~F. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft.
Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crasned near Brazil on June l, 2009, are inwater nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up.In the approximately 20 deep-seacrashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
What does the author say about the black box?
A．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
B．The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C．Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
D．It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
2、Questionare based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．The plot of the movie.
B．The photography of the movie.
C．The acting of the communication officer.
D．The special effects of the movie.
填空题
3、 Directions : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questionsare based on the following passage.
Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to shed. You may even have tried a fad(时尚) diet or two, but found yourself right back where you 1 . The key to weight loss is regular 2 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 3 effects. Your body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 4 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.
Any time you are active, 5 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen (糖原) and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves. Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 6 of your activity? The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the 7 your body will rely on fat as its fuel.
Aerobic exercise is most 8 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 9 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity. Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will bum more fat than if you had 10 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will bum fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.
A．positive F．physical K．started
B．additional G．activities L．repeatedly
C．duration H．functions M．less
D．effective I．participated N．amount
E．more J．efficient O．obviously
but found yourself right back where you 1 .
4、Questions are based on the following passage.
Water pollution affects man's health, recreational use of water, industrial of water and sense of beauty. The spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. In highly _47_ countries in particular, emphasis has _48_ from concern over bacterial
disease to concern over water-carried viral (病毒性的) disease. Viral hepatitis (肝炎), for example, has been found to 49 more frequently in cities whose water supplies have 50 high levels of water impurity. Poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.
It is clear that poisonous 51 must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides,fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. Since the public health 52 of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. The chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from groundwater pollution.
As man's desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of water. The water must not only be 53 in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. Sports such as swimming involve _54__ contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.
The range of water quality necessary for 55 processes varies greatly with the intended use of water. The water used in steel mills, for example, must have a lower chloride (氯化物 ) level than that accepted for drinking water. Cooling water can Of ten be of comparatively low sanitary quality. A large part of the water used in the paper-making industry can be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must 56 little iron and carbon dioxide.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
请作答（47）______
5、根据上述材料回答题：
Czech glass became known as rhinestones when it was used for__________.
6、Which statement is true according to the text?
7、__________ (所有航班都被取消了)because of the terrible weather，they had to go there by Rain．
8、Unit 10
Does a bee know what is going on in its mind when it navigates its way to 11 food sources and back to the hive, using polarized sunlight and the tiny magnet it carries as a navigational aid? Or is the bee just a machine, unable to do its mathematics and dance its language in any other way? To use Donald Griffin's term, does a bee have "awareness", or to use a 12 I like better, can a bee think and imagine?
There is an experiment for this, or at least an 13 , made long ago by Karl Von Frisch and more recently 14 by James Gould at Princeton. Biologists who wish to study such things as bee navigation, language, and behavior in general have to 15 their bees to fly from the hive to one or another special place. To do this, they begin by placing a source of sugar very close to the hive so that the bees (considered by their trainers to be very dumb beasts) can learn what the game is about. Then, at regular intervals, the dish or whatever is moved 16 farther and farther from the hive, increasing about 25 percent at each move. Eventually, the 17 is being moved 100 feet or more at a jump, very far from the hive. Sooner or later, while this process is going on, the biologists 18 the dish of sugar will find the bees are out there waiting for them, 19 where the 20 position had been planned. This is an uncomfortable observation to make.
简答题
9、Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems __(他们至今还没有答案)
10、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to Our Club.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 表达你的欢迎
2. 对你们的俱乐部做一个简要介绍。
1、 Questions are based on the following passage.
You never see them, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,
how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their abilityto withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're knownas the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the Indiaocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a Frenchsubmarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five day; later, the discovery marked a huge
step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would trackbasic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which becamea requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early model,, often failed to withstand crashes,
however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane - the arealeast subject to impact - from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, theFederal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orangeor yellow to aid visibility.
Modem airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,
and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine nois,~s and other operating functions thathelp investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated ( 隔绝的) case andsurrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force andtemperatures up to 2,000~F. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft.
Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crasned near Brazil on June l, 2009, are inwater nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up.In the approximately 20 deep-seacrashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
What does the author say about the black box?
A．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
B．The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C．Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
D．It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
2、Questionare based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．The plot of the movie.
B．The photography of the movie.
C．The acting of the communication officer.
D．The special effects of the movie.
填空题
3、 Directions : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questionsare based on the following passage.
Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to shed. You may even have tried a fad(时尚) diet or two, but found yourself right back where you 1 . The key to weight loss is regular 2 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 3 effects. Your body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 4 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.
Any time you are active, 5 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen (糖原) and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves. Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 6 of your activity? The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the 7 your body will rely on fat as its fuel.
Aerobic exercise is most 8 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 9 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity. Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will bum more fat than if you had 10 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will bum fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.
A．positive F．physical K．started
B．additional G．activities L．repeatedly
C．duration H．functions M．less
D．effective I．participated N．amount
E．more J．efficient O．obviously
but found yourself right back where you 1 .
4、Questions are based on the following passage.
Water pollution affects man's health, recreational use of water, industrial of water and sense of beauty. The spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. In highly _47_ countries in particular, emphasis has _48_ from concern over bacterial
disease to concern over water-carried viral (病毒性的) disease. Viral hepatitis (肝炎), for example, has been found to 49 more frequently in cities whose water supplies have 50 high levels of water impurity. Poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.
It is clear that poisonous 51 must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides,fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. Since the public health 52 of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. The chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from groundwater pollution.
As man's desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of water. The water must not only be 53 in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. Sports such as swimming involve _54__ contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.
The range of water quality necessary for 55 processes varies greatly with the intended use of water. The water used in steel mills, for example, must have a lower chloride (氯化物 ) level than that accepted for drinking water. Cooling water can Of ten be of comparatively low sanitary quality. A large part of the water used in the paper-making industry can be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must 56 little iron and carbon dioxide.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
请作答（47）______
5、根据上述材料回答题：
Czech glass became known as rhinestones when it was used for__________.
6、Which statement is true according to the text?
7、__________ (所有航班都被取消了)because of the terrible weather，they had to go there by Rain．
8、Unit 10
Does a bee know what is going on in its mind when it navigates its way to 11 food sources and back to the hive, using polarized sunlight and the tiny magnet it carries as a navigational aid? Or is the bee just a machine, unable to do its mathematics and dance its language in any other way? To use Donald Griffin's term, does a bee have "awareness", or to use a 12 I like better, can a bee think and imagine?
There is an experiment for this, or at least an 13 , made long ago by Karl Von Frisch and more recently 14 by James Gould at Princeton. Biologists who wish to study such things as bee navigation, language, and behavior in general have to 15 their bees to fly from the hive to one or another special place. To do this, they begin by placing a source of sugar very close to the hive so that the bees (considered by their trainers to be very dumb beasts) can learn what the game is about. Then, at regular intervals, the dish or whatever is moved 16 farther and farther from the hive, increasing about 25 percent at each move. Eventually, the 17 is being moved 100 feet or more at a jump, very far from the hive. Sooner or later, while this process is going on, the biologists 18 the dish of sugar will find the bees are out there waiting for them, 19 where the 20 position had been planned. This is an uncomfortable observation to make.
|
A. confirmed |
B. |
phrase |
C. |
next |
D. |
shifting |
|
E. observation |
F. |
remote |
G. |
progressively |
H. |
confronted |
|
I. distant |
J. |
precisely |
K. |
quotation |
L. |
target |
|
M. train |
N. |
proficiently |
0. |
investigation |
|
|
简答题
9、Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems __(他们至今还没有答案)
10、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to Our Club.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 表达你的欢迎
2. 对你们的俱乐部做一个简要介绍。
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