2014年英语四级考试每日一练(7月20日)
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1. 阅读下列材料，回答第2-58题：
What's the present urbanization rate in China?
2. Questions58-48are based on the following passage.You're busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn't it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the
form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?
More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.
Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week.
Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "impostors (骗子 )"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright( 彻底的 ) lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attended" or "were associated with" a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century--that's when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma.
One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The main idea of this passage is that __
A． employers are checking more closely on applicants now
B． lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem
C． college degrees can now be purchased easily
D． employers are no longer interested in college degrees
3. 请根据以下内容回答48-61题
__________
4. Questions61-52 are based on the following passage.
The federal automobile efficiency standards announced this week are an important step on America's path to a lower-carbon and more-secure energy future. They are expected to yield multiple benefits: reduced dependence on foreign oil, fewer greenhouse gas emissions, consumer savings at the pump and a more competitive auto industry. They may also serve as proof that well-tailored government regulation can achieve positive results and that consensus among old enemies--in this case environmentalists and the car companies--is possible even at a time of partisan (党派的) disagreement.
The standards build on a 2009 agreement that established a unified set of rules governing fuel economy and carbon dioxide pollution from automobiles and light tracks. Those rules covered model years 2012-16 ; the new rules cover 2017 to 2025. Taken together, the two sets of rules would increase fuel efficiency from today's average of about 29 miles per gallon to 54.5 miles per gallon when they are fully effective in 2025. This is expected to result in a cut of 40 percent to 50 percent in fuel consumption and roughly equivalent cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
The White House says the rules would reduce oil consumption by two million barrels a day by 2025;the nation now consumes 19 million barrels a day and imports just less than haft that amount. And while fuel-efficient cars will cost more initially, lower fuel use is expected to save consumers up to $8,000 over the life of their vehicles.
The battle for greater fuel economy goes back years and involved many players: California, which in2002 passed its own law regulating greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles sold there; environmenttalists,who pressured the Environmental Protection Agency to impose similar rules nationwide; the Supreme Court, which in 2007 authorized the agency to move forward; and Congress, which ordered the Department of Transportation to update fuel economy standards that had been largely untouched since 1975. President Obama's contribution was to bring about a consensus among the agencies, the states, the automakers and the interest groups on federal and state standards that reduced fuel use and gave industry the regulatory certainty it needed to move forward.
It is a model of public-private cooperation. Even so, the Romney campaign has called the rules "extreme" and House Republicans have threatened to roll them back. That would be a grave harm to consumers, the auto companies, the economy and the planet.
The federal automobile efficiency standards announced this week______.
A．help to eliminate partisan disagreement between the two parties
B．enable Americans to be independent from foreign oil
C．help to promote consumption of gas and automobiles
D．can result in a lower-carbon and more-secure energy future
翻译题
5. ___________(想到还得重新考试) depressed him.
6. Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.
During sleep, the fatigue (疲劳 ) of the body 47__and recuperation (恢复 begins. The tired mind gathers new energy.
Once awake, the memory improves, and annoyance and problems are seen in a better48__ .
Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four. 49__ sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily and, as they grow older, the 50__ gradually diminishes. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a 51__ demanding job may also need ten, whereas an executive worker under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people are reputed to have required little sleep. Napoleon, Thomas Edison and Charles Darwin apparently 52__ only four to six hours a night.
Whatever your 53__ need, you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep 54__ a favorite hour, a favorite bed, a favorite position, and a formula you need to follow in order to rest comfortably.
Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours, nearly five days, 55__ animals kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The 56__for haman beings is probably about a week.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，
请作答（47）______
7.
8. 10. The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are meant to encourage people to seek _________________ with the natural world.
9. When treating a patient with insomnia, the primary-care physician is advised to refer the patient for polysomnography and/or to a sleep specialist if he suspects narcolepsy, periodic leg-movement disorder or __________.
10. Unit 4
Most of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but 11 .If you think that you can't have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on. A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should give you some pleasant surprises.
People may be the most interesting show in a large city. 12 through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You will probably see people from all over the world; you will 13 see people of every age, size, and shape, and you'll get a free fashion show, too. Window-shopping is also a 14 sport if the stores are closed.
Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often 15 the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good 16 . The film or concert series at the local public library probably won't cost you a penny. Be sure to check commercial advertisements too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant looking round. Perhaps you can find a free cooking or crafts 17 in a department store.
Plan ahead for some activities. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You may save some money, too, since these places often 18 aside one or two free 19 days at slow times during the week. Make sure that you are including the indispensable 20 that people travel miles to see. If you feel like taking an interesting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself.
1. 阅读下列材料，回答第2-58题：
What's the present urbanization rate in China?
2. Questions58-48are based on the following passage.You're busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn't it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the
form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?
More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.
Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week.
Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "impostors (骗子 )"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright( 彻底的 ) lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attended" or "were associated with" a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century--that's when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma.
One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
The main idea of this passage is that __
A． employers are checking more closely on applicants now
B． lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem
C． college degrees can now be purchased easily
D． employers are no longer interested in college degrees
3. 请根据以下内容回答48-61题
__________
4. Questions61-52 are based on the following passage.
The federal automobile efficiency standards announced this week are an important step on America's path to a lower-carbon and more-secure energy future. They are expected to yield multiple benefits: reduced dependence on foreign oil, fewer greenhouse gas emissions, consumer savings at the pump and a more competitive auto industry. They may also serve as proof that well-tailored government regulation can achieve positive results and that consensus among old enemies--in this case environmentalists and the car companies--is possible even at a time of partisan (党派的) disagreement.
The standards build on a 2009 agreement that established a unified set of rules governing fuel economy and carbon dioxide pollution from automobiles and light tracks. Those rules covered model years 2012-16 ; the new rules cover 2017 to 2025. Taken together, the two sets of rules would increase fuel efficiency from today's average of about 29 miles per gallon to 54.5 miles per gallon when they are fully effective in 2025. This is expected to result in a cut of 40 percent to 50 percent in fuel consumption and roughly equivalent cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
The White House says the rules would reduce oil consumption by two million barrels a day by 2025;the nation now consumes 19 million barrels a day and imports just less than haft that amount. And while fuel-efficient cars will cost more initially, lower fuel use is expected to save consumers up to $8,000 over the life of their vehicles.
The battle for greater fuel economy goes back years and involved many players: California, which in2002 passed its own law regulating greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles sold there; environmenttalists,who pressured the Environmental Protection Agency to impose similar rules nationwide; the Supreme Court, which in 2007 authorized the agency to move forward; and Congress, which ordered the Department of Transportation to update fuel economy standards that had been largely untouched since 1975. President Obama's contribution was to bring about a consensus among the agencies, the states, the automakers and the interest groups on federal and state standards that reduced fuel use and gave industry the regulatory certainty it needed to move forward.
It is a model of public-private cooperation. Even so, the Romney campaign has called the rules "extreme" and House Republicans have threatened to roll them back. That would be a grave harm to consumers, the auto companies, the economy and the planet.
The federal automobile efficiency standards announced this week______.
A．help to eliminate partisan disagreement between the two parties
B．enable Americans to be independent from foreign oil
C．help to promote consumption of gas and automobiles
D．can result in a lower-carbon and more-secure energy future
翻译题
5. ___________(想到还得重新考试) depressed him.
6. Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.
During sleep, the fatigue (疲劳 ) of the body 47__and recuperation (恢复 begins. The tired mind gathers new energy.
Once awake, the memory improves, and annoyance and problems are seen in a better48__ .
Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four. 49__ sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily and, as they grow older, the 50__ gradually diminishes. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a 51__ demanding job may also need ten, whereas an executive worker under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people are reputed to have required little sleep. Napoleon, Thomas Edison and Charles Darwin apparently 52__ only four to six hours a night.
Whatever your 53__ need, you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep 54__ a favorite hour, a favorite bed, a favorite position, and a formula you need to follow in order to rest comfortably.
Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours, nearly five days, 55__ animals kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The 56__for haman beings is probably about a week.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，
请作答（47）______
7.
8. 10. The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are meant to encourage people to seek _________________ with the natural world.
9. When treating a patient with insomnia, the primary-care physician is advised to refer the patient for polysomnography and/or to a sleep specialist if he suspects narcolepsy, periodic leg-movement disorder or __________.
10. Unit 4
Most of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but 11 .If you think that you can't have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on. A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should give you some pleasant surprises.
People may be the most interesting show in a large city. 12 through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You will probably see people from all over the world; you will 13 see people of every age, size, and shape, and you'll get a free fashion show, too. Window-shopping is also a 14 sport if the stores are closed.
Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often 15 the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good 16 . The film or concert series at the local public library probably won't cost you a penny. Be sure to check commercial advertisements too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant looking round. Perhaps you can find a free cooking or crafts 17 in a department store.
Plan ahead for some activities. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You may save some money, too, since these places often 18 aside one or two free 19 days at slow times during the week. Make sure that you are including the indispensable 20 that people travel miles to see. If you feel like taking an interesting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself.
|
A. expensive |
B. |
Wonder |
C. debate |
D. |
admission |
|
E. set |
F. |
Wander |
G. safe |
H. |
addition |
|
I. valuable |
J. |
dispute |
K. welcome |
L. |
confidently |
|
M. sights |
N. |
demonstration |
O. certainly |
|
|
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