2014年英语四级考试每日一练(7月23日)
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单项选择题
1、根据以下材料回答题：
Why Americans cannot eat elaborately prepared meals at leisure?
2、根据以下材料，回答题：
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income，47 in a time of widespread redundancies(裁员)．
In a 48 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take 49 in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the 50 while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 51 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them 52 company．
The Women and Work Survey 2010，commissioned(受……委托)by Grazia magazine，found that almost half of full-time mothers 53 not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working in some way after having children.
A 54 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time----rather than stay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career 55 faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more 56 between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.
A．precedence I．especially
B．connection J．parting
C．prospect K．opposite
D．slightly L．chores
E．ladder M．disliked
F．favored N．fluidity
G．plan Ｏ．significant
H．reversal
47.__________
3、Questionsare based on the following passage.
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
4、
根据所听材料，回答题
5、根据下列材料，请回答题：
Gas price warning as cold March leads to short supplies
A.The cold snap in March could lead to Britain's gas supplies running out next month, forcing the nation to pay higher prices for fuel from elsewhere, as the demand increased quickly during the coldest March in 50 years. Forecasts suggest that gas supplies in the UK will be exhausted by 8 April. requiring Britain to turn to imports from Norway and Russia. The warning came on the day Scott is hand Southern Energy, one of the UK's biggest power suppliers, warned that there could be electricity blackouts in the country within three years. A lack of gas storage facilities, arid rapid reduction at the UK's North Sea gas fields, has led to the UK having as little as two days' supply of the fuel in reserve.
B．Though experts have warned of the problem for years, and the government has championed a "dash for gas" that would see a massive rise in demand for the fuel, little has been done to increase storage facilities.
C．Ian Marchant, chief executive of SSE(Scottish and Southern Energy said there was a“very real risk of the lights going out” within the next three years．SSE intends shutting down power plants，enough to have supplied 2 million homes’ lights going out．as the stations are either uneconomic or coming to the end of their fives．Other firms are also planning to take power stations out of service，including the UK’ S fleet of ageing nuclear reactors．increasing the risk that demand for electricity will exceed the available supply．Marchant said：“It appears the government is significantly underestimating the scale of the capacity chinch(危急情况．facing the UK in the next three years and there is a very real risk of the lights going out as a result．”
D．His comments follow warnin98 by Alistair Buchanan，the departing chief of gem(Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets．，that power shortages will be many times more likely in the next five years．Government estimates suggest that energy bills could rise by S l00 a year this winter．The warnings are particular blow to George Osborne，the chancellor(大臣．，who has championed a new “dash for gas” in the UK．that would see gas take over as the dominant fuel in the UK’ S power generation market．Much of the generating capacity that SSE plans to retire consists of gas — fired power stations．though the recent budget has given tax breaks for shale gas(页 岩气．extraction in the UK and indicated what could be the biggest expansion of UK gas—fired power in a generation．
E．SSE said gas—fired power Was uneconomic because of the fuel’s high price compared with coal. The move by SSE highlights the disputes over energy policy and energy generation, following upheavals(激变．in the international markets for fossil fuels．It also brings into quest：ion whether target to cut carbon dioxide can be met．
F．Andrew Pendleton，head of campaigns at Friends of the Earth，said energy firms were trying to hold the government to ransom(救赎．by threatening power cut that would help them extract concessions to get financial benefits．The UK has only six big energy suppliers to households．which campaigners．say reduces competition and raises prices．
G．Coal has become much cheaper because of the use of fossil fuel ill the US in the past five years．Where a massive increase in the supply of cheap gas is attributed to the controversial method of blasting dense rocks apart under high pressure．The coal that would have been burned in the US is now available on international markets at cut．price．and has now become “the preferred fuel”．according to SSE．
H．That is the opposite of what the government，and the EU intended by their energy policies in the past．decade．Coal Was supposed to become more expensive than gas．because of the EU’S emissions trading scheme．which puts a price on carbon emissions．That has not happened．because flaws within the system mean the price of carbon is near an all—time low．meaning coal—fired power stations are not penalised for their effect on the climate．
I．Marchant urged the government to bring forward reforms favouring gas．“Tile government can reduce this risk of power cuts very easily．by taking swift action to provide much greater clarity on its electricity market reforms．”
J．An energy bill is under discussion by parliament at the moment．SSE’s warnings were dismissed by green campaigners as “an attempt．to force the government’s hand”．Pendleton said：“The risk is thatthese companies are holding us to ransom，in order to make the environment more favourable to their forms of generation．There is a lot at stake here．Basing our energy strategy on gas rather than clean forms of energy such as renewables means we could be held to ransom more and more in the future in this way．It Could do a huge amount of harm．”
K．The government" rebuffed (回绝．the claims from SSE．John Hayes，minister for energy，said：“We’re alive to the challenge facing US．The bill before parliament will set the conditions for the investment needed to keep Britain’s lights on in the long-term the amount of spare power available today is currently comfortable．As old infrastructure(基础没施．closes over the coming years we expect this margin to reduce but we will make sure it stays manageable．”
L．Most of the UK's nuclear power plants are planned for closure by 2022．and many coal．fired stations must be closed or run at reduced capacity within the next few years because of EU rules on pollution．
M．Experts have warned for years of a loomin9“energy gap” between demand and supply，The building of wind farms and other forms of renewable energy。which were supposed to fill the gap．has been below expectations，in part due to planning laws．Hayes said：“we are not complacent(沽沾自喜的．about this…We are confident in our approach and in l he responsiveness of the market in providing secure power supplies．”Joss Garman，political director of Greenpeace，said：“Not content with the profits they’re making from sky—high energy bills the 9；m industry now seems to be trying to hold everybody to ransom--‘give US even more of your cash or we’ll turn out the nights”.
N．Cheap coal and the collapse of the carbon price have made gas burning less profitable，but that’s a reason to ban unabated(未减弱的．coal burning and reform the carbon market．not to give hand-outs the big six energy companies．“Gas—fired generation should only be a last．ditch backup for renewable energy sources．and ministers should prioritise support for interconnectors，storage，and combined heat anti power stations that would compliment renewables and guarantee we have secure power．”
Many of the UK's nuclear power plants and coal-fired stations are planned to be shut. down due to EU rules on pollution.
6、 Questions are based on the following passage.
Because of satellite links which now enable broadcast news organizations to originate liveprogramming from any part of the globe, the entire world is becoming one giant sound stage fortelevision news. As a result, Shakespeare's famous line, "all the worh is a stage," has taken on aninteresting new twist in meaning.
Even before today's worldwide satellite links were possible, the growing effect of broadcast news
technology on national and international politics was becoming increasingly evident.
Because television is a close-up medium and a medium that seerns to most readily involve
emotions, it is most effective when it is revealing the plights of people; During the Vietnam War, readingabout war was one thing, but war took on a deeper and more unsavor' ( 令人讨厌的) dimension when it was exported directly into U. S. living rooms night after night by television. Public opinion eventuallyturned against the war and to some measure against President Johnson who was associated with it. As
a result of the public opinion backlash (消极反应) during these tines, the Pentagon was thereaftermuch more careful to control what foreign correspondents and TV crews would be allowed to see andreport.
It was during this time that President Carter brought the issue of human rights to the centre of hisforeign policy, and, to some degree, to the centre of international pol tics. "Human rights is the soul ofour foreign policy," Carter said. "Of all human rights the most basic s to be free of arbitrary violence,whether that violence comes from government, from terrorists, from criminals, or fi'om self-appointedmessiahs (救世主) operating under the cover of politics or religion. "
Although political viewpoints have changed since then, because of the emotional nature of humanrights, this has emerged as the "soul" of television news. The transgression (侵犯) of human rightshas been the focus of many, if not most, major international television news stories. The reporting ofthese stories has created outrage in the world, prompted attempts at censorship by dictators, and in many
cases resulted in the elimination of human rights abuses.
The passage mainly discusses____________.
A．the evolution of international politics in the United States
B．the broadcast media gives its primary concern on human rights
C．the global television communication has a huge impact on pet,pie's emotions
D．the broadcast media plays a growing role in international poli ics
填空题
7、We look forward to__________________ (被邀请参加他的婚礼)．
8、You must get to the station before 3，__________(否则你会赶不上火车)．
9、 What an interesting book______ (它真的值得一读)．
10、Were it to rain tomorrow，____________ (我们就不去野餐了)．
1、根据以下材料回答题：
Why Americans cannot eat elaborately prepared meals at leisure?
2、根据以下材料，回答题：
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income，47 in a time of widespread redundancies(裁员)．
In a 48 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take 49 in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the 50 while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 51 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them 52 company．
The Women and Work Survey 2010，commissioned(受……委托)by Grazia magazine，found that almost half of full-time mothers 53 not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working in some way after having children.
A 54 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time----rather than stay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career 55 faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more 56 between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.
A．precedence I．especially
B．connection J．parting
C．prospect K．opposite
D．slightly L．chores
E．ladder M．disliked
F．favored N．fluidity
G．plan Ｏ．significant
H．reversal
47.__________
3、Questionsare based on the following passage.
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
4、
根据所听材料，回答题
5、根据下列材料，请回答题：
Gas price warning as cold March leads to short supplies
A.The cold snap in March could lead to Britain's gas supplies running out next month, forcing the nation to pay higher prices for fuel from elsewhere, as the demand increased quickly during the coldest March in 50 years. Forecasts suggest that gas supplies in the UK will be exhausted by 8 April. requiring Britain to turn to imports from Norway and Russia. The warning came on the day Scott is hand Southern Energy, one of the UK's biggest power suppliers, warned that there could be electricity blackouts in the country within three years. A lack of gas storage facilities, arid rapid reduction at the UK's North Sea gas fields, has led to the UK having as little as two days' supply of the fuel in reserve.
B．Though experts have warned of the problem for years, and the government has championed a "dash for gas" that would see a massive rise in demand for the fuel, little has been done to increase storage facilities.
C．Ian Marchant, chief executive of SSE(Scottish and Southern Energy said there was a“very real risk of the lights going out” within the next three years．SSE intends shutting down power plants，enough to have supplied 2 million homes’ lights going out．as the stations are either uneconomic or coming to the end of their fives．Other firms are also planning to take power stations out of service，including the UK’ S fleet of ageing nuclear reactors．increasing the risk that demand for electricity will exceed the available supply．Marchant said：“It appears the government is significantly underestimating the scale of the capacity chinch(危急情况．facing the UK in the next three years and there is a very real risk of the lights going out as a result．”
D．His comments follow warnin98 by Alistair Buchanan，the departing chief of gem(Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets．，that power shortages will be many times more likely in the next five years．Government estimates suggest that energy bills could rise by S l00 a year this winter．The warnings are particular blow to George Osborne，the chancellor(大臣．，who has championed a new “dash for gas” in the UK．that would see gas take over as the dominant fuel in the UK’ S power generation market．Much of the generating capacity that SSE plans to retire consists of gas — fired power stations．though the recent budget has given tax breaks for shale gas(页 岩气．extraction in the UK and indicated what could be the biggest expansion of UK gas—fired power in a generation．
E．SSE said gas—fired power Was uneconomic because of the fuel’s high price compared with coal. The move by SSE highlights the disputes over energy policy and energy generation, following upheavals(激变．in the international markets for fossil fuels．It also brings into quest：ion whether target to cut carbon dioxide can be met．
F．Andrew Pendleton，head of campaigns at Friends of the Earth，said energy firms were trying to hold the government to ransom(救赎．by threatening power cut that would help them extract concessions to get financial benefits．The UK has only six big energy suppliers to households．which campaigners．say reduces competition and raises prices．
G．Coal has become much cheaper because of the use of fossil fuel ill the US in the past five years．Where a massive increase in the supply of cheap gas is attributed to the controversial method of blasting dense rocks apart under high pressure．The coal that would have been burned in the US is now available on international markets at cut．price．and has now become “the preferred fuel”．according to SSE．
H．That is the opposite of what the government，and the EU intended by their energy policies in the past．decade．Coal Was supposed to become more expensive than gas．because of the EU’S emissions trading scheme．which puts a price on carbon emissions．That has not happened．because flaws within the system mean the price of carbon is near an all—time low．meaning coal—fired power stations are not penalised for their effect on the climate．
I．Marchant urged the government to bring forward reforms favouring gas．“Tile government can reduce this risk of power cuts very easily．by taking swift action to provide much greater clarity on its electricity market reforms．”
J．An energy bill is under discussion by parliament at the moment．SSE’s warnings were dismissed by green campaigners as “an attempt．to force the government’s hand”．Pendleton said：“The risk is thatthese companies are holding us to ransom，in order to make the environment more favourable to their forms of generation．There is a lot at stake here．Basing our energy strategy on gas rather than clean forms of energy such as renewables means we could be held to ransom more and more in the future in this way．It Could do a huge amount of harm．”
K．The government" rebuffed (回绝．the claims from SSE．John Hayes，minister for energy，said：“We’re alive to the challenge facing US．The bill before parliament will set the conditions for the investment needed to keep Britain’s lights on in the long-term the amount of spare power available today is currently comfortable．As old infrastructure(基础没施．closes over the coming years we expect this margin to reduce but we will make sure it stays manageable．”
L．Most of the UK's nuclear power plants are planned for closure by 2022．and many coal．fired stations must be closed or run at reduced capacity within the next few years because of EU rules on pollution．
M．Experts have warned for years of a loomin9“energy gap” between demand and supply，The building of wind farms and other forms of renewable energy。which were supposed to fill the gap．has been below expectations，in part due to planning laws．Hayes said：“we are not complacent(沽沾自喜的．about this…We are confident in our approach and in l he responsiveness of the market in providing secure power supplies．”Joss Garman，political director of Greenpeace，said：“Not content with the profits they’re making from sky—high energy bills the 9；m industry now seems to be trying to hold everybody to ransom--‘give US even more of your cash or we’ll turn out the nights”.
N．Cheap coal and the collapse of the carbon price have made gas burning less profitable，but that’s a reason to ban unabated(未减弱的．coal burning and reform the carbon market．not to give hand-outs the big six energy companies．“Gas—fired generation should only be a last．ditch backup for renewable energy sources．and ministers should prioritise support for interconnectors，storage，and combined heat anti power stations that would compliment renewables and guarantee we have secure power．”
Many of the UK's nuclear power plants and coal-fired stations are planned to be shut. down due to EU rules on pollution.
6、 Questions are based on the following passage.
Because of satellite links which now enable broadcast news organizations to originate liveprogramming from any part of the globe, the entire world is becoming one giant sound stage fortelevision news. As a result, Shakespeare's famous line, "all the worh is a stage," has taken on aninteresting new twist in meaning.
Even before today's worldwide satellite links were possible, the growing effect of broadcast news
technology on national and international politics was becoming increasingly evident.
Because television is a close-up medium and a medium that seerns to most readily involve
emotions, it is most effective when it is revealing the plights of people; During the Vietnam War, readingabout war was one thing, but war took on a deeper and more unsavor' ( 令人讨厌的) dimension when it was exported directly into U. S. living rooms night after night by television. Public opinion eventuallyturned against the war and to some measure against President Johnson who was associated with it. As
a result of the public opinion backlash (消极反应) during these tines, the Pentagon was thereaftermuch more careful to control what foreign correspondents and TV crews would be allowed to see andreport.
It was during this time that President Carter brought the issue of human rights to the centre of hisforeign policy, and, to some degree, to the centre of international pol tics. "Human rights is the soul ofour foreign policy," Carter said. "Of all human rights the most basic s to be free of arbitrary violence,whether that violence comes from government, from terrorists, from criminals, or fi'om self-appointedmessiahs (救世主) operating under the cover of politics or religion. "
Although political viewpoints have changed since then, because of the emotional nature of humanrights, this has emerged as the "soul" of television news. The transgression (侵犯) of human rightshas been the focus of many, if not most, major international television news stories. The reporting ofthese stories has created outrage in the world, prompted attempts at censorship by dictators, and in many
cases resulted in the elimination of human rights abuses.
The passage mainly discusses____________.
A．the evolution of international politics in the United States
B．the broadcast media gives its primary concern on human rights
C．the global television communication has a huge impact on pet,pie's emotions
D．the broadcast media plays a growing role in international poli ics
填空题
7、We look forward to__________________ (被邀请参加他的婚礼)．
8、You must get to the station before 3，__________(否则你会赶不上火车)．
9、 What an interesting book______ (它真的值得一读)．
10、Were it to rain tomorrow，____________ (我们就不去野餐了)．
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