听力AB
1. 听录音，回答1-61题：



A．She can use his car
B．She can borrow someone else’S car
C．She must get her car fixed
D．She can’t borrow his car

2.         Questions61-56 are based on the following passage.
        The federal automobile efficiency standards announced this week are an important step on America's path to a lower-carbon and more-secure energy future. They are expected to yield multiple benefits: reduced dependence on foreign oil, fewer greenhouse gas emissions, consumer savings at the pump and a more competitive auto industry. They may also serve as proof that well-tailored government regulation can achieve positive results and that consensus among old enemies--in this case environmentalists and the car companies--is possible even at a time of partisan (党派的) disagreement.
        The standards build on a 2009 agreement that established a unified set of rules governing fuel economy and carbon dioxide pollution from automobiles and light tracks. Those rules covered model years 2012-16 ; the new rules cover 2017 to 2025. Taken together, the two sets of rules would increase fuel efficiency from today's average of about 29 miles per gallon to 54.5 miles per gallon when they are fully effective in 2025. This is expected to result in a cut of 40 percent to 50 percent in fuel consumption and roughly equivalent cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
        The White House says the rules would reduce oil consumption by two million barrels a day by 2025;the nation now consumes 19 million barrels a day and imports just less than haft that amount. And while fuel-efficient cars will cost more initially, lower fuel use is expected to save consumers up to $8,000 over the life of their vehicles.
        The battle for greater fuel economy goes back years and involved many players: California, which in2002 passed its own law regulating greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles sold there; environmenttalists,who pressured the Environmental Protection Agency to impose similar rules nationwide; the Supreme Court, which in 2007 authorized the agency to move forward; and Congress, which ordered the Department of Transportation to update fuel economy standards that had been largely untouched since 1975. President Obama's contribution was to bring about a consensus among the agencies, the states, the automakers and the interest groups on federal and state standards that reduced fuel use and gave industry the regulatory certainty it needed to move forward.
        It is a model of public-private cooperation. Even so, the Romney campaign has called the rules "extreme" and House Republicans have threatened to roll them back. That would be a grave harm to consumers, the auto companies, the economy and the planet.

The federal automobile efficiency standards announced this week______.
A．help to eliminate partisan disagreement between the two parties
B．enable Americans to be independent from foreign oil
C．help to promote consumption of gas and automobiles
D．can result in a lower-carbon and more-secure energy future

3. Questions56-62 are based on the following passage.
        A newstudy shows a large gender gap on economic policy among the nation's professional economists,a divide similar to the gender divide found in the general public.
        "Asa group, we are pro-market," says Ann Marl May, co-author of the study anda University of Nebraska economist. "But women are more likely to acceptgovernment regulation and involvement in economic activity than our malecolleagues. "
        "It'svery puzzling," says free market economist Veronique de Rugy of the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. "Not a .day goes by that Idon't ask myself why there are so few women economists on the free market side."
        A nativeof France, de Rugy supported government intervention (干预) early in her life butchanged her mind after studying economics. "We want many of the samethings as liberals--less poverty, more health care--but have radicallydifferent ideas on how to achieve it. "
        IAberaleconomist Dean Baker, co-founder of the Center for Economic Policy andResearch, says male economists have been on the inside of the profession,confirming each other's antiregulation views. Women, as outsiders, "aremore likely to think independently or at least see people outside of theeconomics profession as forming their peer group," he says.
        Thegender balance in economics is changing. One-third of economics doctorates (博士学位) now go to women."More diversity is needed at the table when pubflc policy isdiscussed," May says.
        Economistsdo agree on some things. Female economists agree with men that Europe has toomuch regulation and that Wal-mart is good for society. Male economists agreewith their, female colleagues that military spending is too high.
        Thegenders are most divorced from each other on the question of equality forwomen. Male economists overwhelmingly think the wage gap between men and womenis largely the result of indi~fluals' skills, experience and voluntary choices.Female economists overwhelmingly disagree by a margin of 4-to-1.
        Thebiggest disagreement: 76% of women say faculty opportunities in economics favormen. Male economists point the opposite way: 80% say women are favored or theprocess is neutral.

What is the finding of the new study?
A．The gender divide is a big concern of the general public.
B．Men and women understand economics quite differently.
C．The gap between male and female economists needs to be closed.
D．Male and female economists disagree widely on economic policy,

4. 根据材料，回答62-57题：
        The argument that global warming is causing more extreme weather is problematic because it presumes the globe is warming.  In fact, the global temperature trend line has been stable for more than a dozen years, while carbon dioxide has increased 7%. If carbon dioxide was the driver, then why have global temperatures stopped increasing?
        Keep in mind that carbon dioxide represents 0.0395% of the Earth's atmosphere. Arguing that carbon dioxide is driving the small temperature variations in our climate as opposed to the oceans, which cover70% of the planet and have 1,000 times the heat capacity of air, or the output of our sun, is scientifically disturbing.
        Weather is more publicized nowadays because of its impact on society and the constant push of the global warming agenda. Increases in population result in more people being in the path of Mother Nature's great anger. Global warming activists attribute every major weather event to man because they are either uninformed about history, or choose to ignore it. The latest claims resulting from this series of hot and dry summers ignore the fact that more state heat records were set in the 1930s than all other decades of the last century combined. Anyone remember the Dust Bowl?
Seven major hurricanes hit the East Coast from 1954 to 1960. Now that we are in a pattern similar to the 1950s, the East Coast is vulnerable once again, and attributing events like Hurricane Irene to global warming is incorrect. All the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC．projections for our climate have proved to be wrong. Global temperatures have stopped increasing and are nowhere near estimates made a decade ago. The IPCC incorrectly predicted Arctic sea ice would disappear by now.
        After Katrina in 2005, more and stronger hurricanes were forecast to be the future. The Accumulated Cyclone Energy Index for the globe has instead declined to the lowest level in 30 years. This does not mean we will not see warm weather and land-falling hurricanes. We are in a pattern similar to the 1950s when U.S. heat and drought as well as East Coast land-failing hurricanes were quite prevalent.
        Perhaps when the Atlantic becomes cold, we will be hearing Ice Age scares again as we did in the 1970s.


According to the first, paragraph_______.
A．there is less extreme weather
B．the global temperature is always stable
C．the globe is not waring
D．carbon dioxide delays global wanning

5. 根据材料，回答57-46题：
        With the unemployment rate topping 8% and the government $16 trillion in debt, it's easy to question why taxpayers are spending $ 2.5 billion on an SUV- sized Mars rover (探测车) named Curiosity, which landed successfully on the red planet in the early hours of Monday.  Couldn't this money go toward something closer to home, such as providing shelter for the homeless or building roads? Yes, it could. But this kind of thinking is shortsighted.
        The Mars project is the latest manifestation of America's restless desire to answer previously unanswerable questions and take on new challenges. To paraphrase President John F. Kennedy, America does things like this not because they are easy, but because they are hard.
        Getting the probe down safely on Mars, after a 350 million mile journey, was certainly no easy feat. Virtually all the technology used in the approach and landing was new, or used in new ways. Once settled in, Curiosity should be a particularly awe-inspiring project. It is designed to shed light on big questions: Could life forms have ever existed on Mars? Might they still exist? And are we alone in the universe ?
        When budgets are tight, space projects such as Curiosity come in for particular abuse. They are often portrayed as complicated flights of odd ideas. They are not. They are both inspirational and immensely practical. Technology is, after all, an engine of economic growth. If that is a goal, as well it should be, why not support a program that makes science exciting and showcases some of the most interesting things that. technology can do? One of the main benefits of projects like this one is to promote a confident America. Throughout history, nations that explore, and engage in science, lead the world. Beginning in the 15th century, for example, European nations sent sailors around the globe and provided the impetus for thinkers such as Copernicus, Galileo and Newton to invent modern physics and astronomy. Not coincidentally, Europe came to dominate the world until the dawn of the 20th century.
        Those who would slash space program budgets apparently haven't learned history's lessons and don't see the great possibilities that the future presents--possibilities reflected in every image transmitted back from the rover.


Why is it easy to question why taxpayers' money is spent on Curiosity?
A．Because Curiosity costs too much money.
B．Because the economic situation is depressed.
C．Because the money should be spent on the people.
D．Because Curiosity is meaningless and impractical.

阅读(填空题)
6. Unit 1
Directions: In this passage there are ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.
    Looking back on years of living in a working-class home in the North of England, I should say that a good living room must 11 three principal things: homeliness, warmth and plenty of good food. The living-room is the warm heart of the family and _12__often slightly stuffy to a middle-class visitor. It is not a social centre but a family center; little entertaining goes on there or in the front room, if there 13 to be one; you do not entertain in anything approaching the middle-class 14  The wife's social life outside her 15 family is found over the washing-line, at the little shop on the corner, visiting relatives at a moderate 16 occasionally, and perhaps now and again a visit with her husband to his pub or club. Apart from these two places, he has just his work and his football matches. They will have, each of them, friends at all these places, who may well not know what the inside of their house is like, having never "stepped across the threshold," as the old 17 phrase has it. The family hearth is      18      for the family itself, and those who are "something to us"(another favorite formula) and who look in for a talk or just to sit. Much of the free time of a man and his wife will  19  be passed at that hearth. Just staying in is still one of the most common leisure-time   20   

A.  happens	B.	professions	C.	sense	D.	nevertheless
E. fashioned	F.	distance	G.	immediate	H.	usually
I.  occupations	J.	preserved	K.	imitate	L.	provide
M. therefore	N	reserved	0.	contribute

长篇阅读
7.

　　A) Today, it is not distance, but culture that separates the peoples of the world. The central question of  our time may be how to deal with cultural differences. So begins the book, Endangered Peoples, by Art Davidson. It is an attempt to provide understanding of the issues affecting the world's native peoples. This book tells the stories of 21 tribes, cultures, and cultural areas that are struggling to survive. It tells  each story through the voice of a member of the tribe .Mr. Davidson recorded their words. Art Wolfe and  John Isaac took pictures of them. The organization called the Sierra Club published the book.
　　B) The native groups live far apart in North America or South America, Africa or Asia. Yet their situations are similar. They are fighting the march of progress in an effort to keep themselves and their  cultures alive. Some of them follow ancient ways most of the time. Some follow modern ways most  of the time. They have one foot in ancient world and one foot in modern world. They hope to coninue to balance between these two worlds. Yet the pressures to forget their traditions and join the   modern world may be too great.
　　C) Rigoberta Menchu of Guatemala, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, offers her thoughts in the  beginning of the book Endangered Peoples. She notes that many people claim that native people  are like stories from the past. They are ruins that have died. She disagrees strongly. She says native communities are not remains of the past. They have a future, and they have much wisdom and richness to offer the rest of the world.
　　D) Art Davidson traveled thousands of miles around the world while working on the book. He talked  to many people to gather their thoughts and feelings. Mr. Davidson notes thattheir desires are the  same. People want to remain themselves~ he says. They want to raise their children the way they  were raised. They want their children to speak their mother tongue, their own language. They want them to have their parents' values and customs. Mr. Davidson says the people's cries are the same:     "Does our culture have to die? Do we have to disappear as a people?"
　　E) Art Davidson lived for more than 25 years among native people in the American state of Alaska. He  says his interest in native peoples began his boyhood when he found an ancient stone arrowhead. The arrowhead was used as a weapon to hunt food. The hunter was an American Indian, long dead.   Mr. Davidson realized then that Indians had lived in the state of Colorado, right where he was standing. And it was then, he says, that he first wondered: "Where are they? Where did they go? "He     found answers to his early question. Many of the native peoples had disappeared. They were forced  off their lands. Or they were killed in battle. Or they died from diseases brought by new settlers.  Other native peoples remained, but they had to fight to survive the pressures of the modern world.
　　F) The Gwich'in are an example of the survivors. They have lived in what is now Alaska and Canada  for 10,000 years. Now about 5,000 Gwich'in remain. They are mainly hunters. They hunt the caribou, a large deer with big horns that travels across the huge spaces of the far north. For centuries, they have used all parts of the caribou: the meat for food, the skins for clothes, the bones for tools.  Hunting caribou is the way of life of the Gwich'in.
　　G) One Gwich'in told Art Davidson of memories from his childhood. It was a time when the tribe lived  quietly in its own corner of the world. He spoke to Mr. Davidson in these words: "Aslong as I can   remember, someone would sit by a fire on the hilltop every spring and autumn. His job was to look  for caribou. If he saw a caribou, he would wave his arms or he would make hisfire to give off more  smoke. Then the village would come to life! People ran up to the hilltop. The tribes seemed to be at  its best at these gatherings. We were all filled with happiness and sharing!"
　　H) About ten years ago, the modern world invaded the quiet world of the Gwich'in. Oil companies  wanted to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. This area was the plaeewhere the  caribou gave birth to their young. The Gwich'in feared the caribou would disappear. One Gwich'in  woman describes the situation in these words: "Oil development threatens the caribou. If the caribou are threatened, then the people are threatened. Oil company official and American lawmakers do  not seem to understand. They do not come into our homes and share our food. They have never tried to  understand the feeling expressed in our songs and our prayers.They have not seen the old people cry. Our  elders have seen parts of our culture destroyed. Theyworry that our people may disappear forever."
　　I)  A scientist with a British oil company dismisses (驳回，打消) the fears of the Gwich'in. He also  says they have no choice. They will have to change. The Gwich'in, however, are resisting. They  took legal action to stop the oil companies. But they won only a temporary ban on oil development   in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve.Pressures continue on other native people, as Art Davidson   describes in his book. Thepressures come from expanding populations, dam projects that flood tribal   lands, and political and economic conflicts threaten the culture, lands, and lives of such groups as the Quechua of Peru, the Malagasy of Madagascar and the Ainu of Japan.
　　J)  The organization called Cultural Survival has been in existence for 22 years. It tries to protect the   rights and cultures of peoples throughout the world. It has about 12,000 members. And it receives  help from a large number of students who work without pay. Theodore MacDonald is director of the  Cultural Survival Research Center. He says the organization has three main jobs. It does research  and publishes information. It works with native people directly. And it creates markets for goods  produced by native communities.
　　K) Late last year, Cultural Survival published a book called State of the Peoples: a Global Human   Rights Report on Societies in Danger. The book contains reports from researchers who work for Cultural Survival, from experts on native peoples, and from native peoples themselves. The book  describes the conditions of different native and minority groups. It includes longer reports about  several threatened societies, including the Penan of Malaysia and the Anishinabe of North American. And it provides the names of organizations similar to Cultural Survival for activists, researchers  and the press.
　　L) David Maybury-Lewis started the Cultural Survival organization. Mr. Maybury-Lewis believes  powerful groups rob native peoples of their lives, lands, or resources. About 6,000 groups are left in  the world. A native group is one that has its own langue. It hasa long-term link to a homeland. And  it has governed itself. Theodore MacDonald says Cultural Survival works to protect the rights of  groups, not just individual people. He says the organization would like to develop a system of early   warnings when these rights are threatened .Mr. MacDonald notes that conflicts between different   groups within a country have been going on forever and will continue. Such conflicts, he says, cannot be prevented. But they do not have to become violent. What Cultural Survival wants is to help set up methods that lead to peaceful negotiations of traditional differences. These methods, he says,  are a lot less costly than war.
根据以上内容，回答{TSE}题。

Rigoberta Menchu, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, writes preface for the book Endangered Peoples.
8.

上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市(metropolis)。改革开放以来，上海变化之大令髓人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去研以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。

9. Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below(Unemployment rate in 2010)．Please give a brief description the chart first and then make comments on it．You should write at least l20 words but no more than 180 Words


10. Should college students fight against the criminality?
1.大学生应该打击犯罪行为吗？
2.说说你的看法。