2015年英语四级考试每日一练(1月26日)
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在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
单项选择题
1、根据下列材料，请回答题：
While it's easy enough to brush off a few sleepless nights with a pot of coffee and the occasional desk nap, you may be doing more harm than you realise. According to a new study from Surrey University, having less than six hours of sleep per night can actually shut down genes that play a key role in the body's 36 of self-repair.
We rely on our genes to constantly produce the proteins needed to 37 the wear on our bodies'tissue that we suffer throughout the day. But when scientists divided 26 volunteers into two groups—one of which slept for less than 6 hours per night for an entire week and the other for 10 hours per night—some of the sleep-deprived group's genes actually stopped working.
The functions of 711 genes in total were altered in some way, 38 ones involved in metabolism ( 新陈代谢), inflammation (炎症), immunity and stress. There is some good news though: a week of normal sleep was enough to 39 the malfunctioning genes back to peak condition, but should the40 sleep patterns continue, health problems that aren't, quite so easily reversible, like obesity (肥胖)and heart disease, have a 41 chance of cropping up. And this study only scratches the 42.
according to Professor Colin Smith, one of the scientists 43 in the study: This is only a week of sleep 44 and it is only five and a haft or six hours a night. Many people have that amount of sleep for weeks, months and maybe even years so we have no idea how much 45 it might be.
A．accessing
B．amounted
C．approaching
D．attract
E．casual
F．charactexs
G．fresh
H．ignore
I．increasingly
J．messages
K．patiently
L．tiny
M．total
N．violated
O．vital
请回答（36）题__________.
2、 Questions are based on the following passage.
The number of postgraduate students travelling from non-EU countries to study at UK universities has fallen for the first time in 16 years, fuelling fears that the government's immigration crackdown is discouraging thousands of the brightest students from continuing their studies in Brid.
Jo Beall, British Council director of education and society, said the fall would cause alarm among UK vice-chancellors (大学行政主管). "The sector was expecting a decline in growth, but the actual reduction in postgraduate numbers is of real concern as international-students make up the m~ority of numbers in many postgraduate courses and research teams in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. ""Attracting the brightest and most ambitious postgraduate and research students is critical if the UK is to maintain its quality reputation for research," Beall said.
Universities get a third of their tuition (学费) fee revenue from non-EU students. There is growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenue-as well as the cultural, academic and economic benefit international students bring--is being put at risk.
Tim Westlake, director for the student experience at Manchester University, said students whose families relied on them working in the UK after their studies to gain experience and repay the fees were starting to look elsewhere.
Last month the home secretary, Theresa May, announced that embassy staff would interview more than 100,000 applicants in an attempt to prevent bogus (假冒的) ones entering the country. She also said immigrants were responsible for pushing up UK house prices. The comments followed the introduction of new limitations on students' right to work during and after their studies.
Beall said:" Government statistics for the first time provide real evidence that the changes to UK visa regulations may have discouraged many students from applying to the UK, and in particular postgraduate students Who are so important to the UKs research output. The UK enjoys an eXcellent reputation around the world for the high quality of our education system, so the government needs to ensure that institutions have all the support they need to attract international students who make a tremendous academic, cultural and economic contribution to the UK. "
What has caused the decline of the number of non-EU postgraduates in the UK?
A．The increase in tuition and fees.
B．The ever-rising living expenses.
C．Changed immigration policies.
D．Universities' tightened budgets
3、
Instinctively, the first thing we want to know about a disease is whether it is going to kill us. Twenty-five years ago, tiffs was the only question about AIDS we couJd anwer with any certainty; now, it is the only question we really camaot answer well at all.
By now, those of us in the AIDS business long term have cared for thousands of patients. No one with that kind of personal experience can doubt for a moment the deadly potential of H. I. V. or the life-saving capabilities of the drugs developed against it. But there are also now htmdreds of footnotes and exceptions and modifications to those two facts that make the big picture ever murkier (扑朔迷离).
We have patients scattered at every possible point: men and women who cruise on their medications with no problems at all, and those who never become stable on them and die of AIDS; those who refuse them until it is too late, and those who never need them at all; those who leave AIDS far behind only to die from lung cancer or breast cancer or liver failure, and those few who are killed by the medications themelves.
So, when we welcome a new patient into our world, one whose fated place in this world is still unclear, and that patient asks us, as most do, whether this illness is going to kill him or not, it often takes a bit of mental stammering (口吃 ) before we hazard an answer,Now, a complete rundown of all the news from the front would take hours. The statistics change almost; hourly as new treatments appear. It is all too cold, too mathematical, too scary to dump on the head of a sick, frightened person. So we simplify. "We have good treatments now, we say. "You should do fine. "
Once, not so long ago, we were working in another universe.Now we have simply rejoined the carnival ( 嘉年华) of modern medicine, noisy and encouraging, confusing and contradictory, fueled by the eternal balancing of benefits and risks.
You can.win big, and why shouldn't you, with the usual fall-safe combination of luck and money. You have our very best hopes, so step right up: we sell big miracles but, offer no guarantees.
What does the author say about AIDS?
A．It is definitely deadly twenty-five years ago.
B．The patients want to know everything about it.
C．We can answer anything about it with certainty now.
D．We could not answer questions about it well before.
简答题
4、Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．
泼水节（Water Splashing Festival）是傣族富民族特色的节日。人们互相泼水，表示洗去身上一年的污垢和晦气，在新的一年里会更加平安和幸福。泼水节这一天人们要拜佛（worship Budda）姑娘们用漂着鲜花的清水为佛洗尘，然后彼此泼水嬉戏，相互祝愿。被人泼的水越多，说明受到的祝福越多。泼水节期间，还要举行赛龙船、放飞灯等传统娱乐活动和各种歌舞晚会。
5、
6、1．目前，网上订餐逐渐成了一种流行的生活方式
2．出现这一现象的原因及其影响
3．我的观点
My view on Online Meal Ordering
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7、中国高速客运铁路。常被简称为“中国高铁”。它作为现代社会的一种新的运输方式。有着运载能力大、运输效率高、运行速度快、节能环保等特点。在运载能力和效率上，一趟列车可以运送1000多人，每隔5分钟就可以开出一趟列车；在运行速度上，目前设计时速可达350公里；在节能环保上，高速铁路是绿色交通工具，非常适应节能减排(energy-say i ng and em i ss i on-reduct；on)的要求。
8、对于每个来北京旅游的游客来说，一定不可错过的美食无疑是北京烤鸭(Be i j i ng roast duck)。烤鸭是具有世界声誉的北京著名菜式，由中国汉族人研制于明朝。在当时是宫廷食品。北京烤鸭既美昧又健康，也符合各民族人民的饮食习惯。2008年北京奥运会期间，北京烤鸭与中国水饺一起被纳入奥运菜单之中，受到了世界各国运动员的热烈追捧。在奥运村,平均每天要吃掉700只左右的北京烤鸭。
9、You should write a composition on the topic Digital Age．
写作导航
1．如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用；
2．数字化产品的使用对人们的工作、学习、生活产生的影响。
3．做出总结。
10、
1、根据下列材料，请回答题：
While it's easy enough to brush off a few sleepless nights with a pot of coffee and the occasional desk nap, you may be doing more harm than you realise. According to a new study from Surrey University, having less than six hours of sleep per night can actually shut down genes that play a key role in the body's 36 of self-repair.
We rely on our genes to constantly produce the proteins needed to 37 the wear on our bodies'tissue that we suffer throughout the day. But when scientists divided 26 volunteers into two groups—one of which slept for less than 6 hours per night for an entire week and the other for 10 hours per night—some of the sleep-deprived group's genes actually stopped working.
The functions of 711 genes in total were altered in some way, 38 ones involved in metabolism ( 新陈代谢), inflammation (炎症), immunity and stress. There is some good news though: a week of normal sleep was enough to 39 the malfunctioning genes back to peak condition, but should the40 sleep patterns continue, health problems that aren't, quite so easily reversible, like obesity (肥胖)and heart disease, have a 41 chance of cropping up. And this study only scratches the 42.
according to Professor Colin Smith, one of the scientists 43 in the study: This is only a week of sleep 44 and it is only five and a haft or six hours a night. Many people have that amount of sleep for weeks, months and maybe even years so we have no idea how much 45 it might be.
A．accessing
B．amounted
C．approaching
D．attract
E．casual
F．charactexs
G．fresh
H．ignore
I．increasingly
J．messages
K．patiently
L．tiny
M．total
N．violated
O．vital
请回答（36）题__________.
2、 Questions are based on the following passage.
The number of postgraduate students travelling from non-EU countries to study at UK universities has fallen for the first time in 16 years, fuelling fears that the government's immigration crackdown is discouraging thousands of the brightest students from continuing their studies in Brid.
Jo Beall, British Council director of education and society, said the fall would cause alarm among UK vice-chancellors (大学行政主管). "The sector was expecting a decline in growth, but the actual reduction in postgraduate numbers is of real concern as international-students make up the m~ority of numbers in many postgraduate courses and research teams in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. ""Attracting the brightest and most ambitious postgraduate and research students is critical if the UK is to maintain its quality reputation for research," Beall said.
Universities get a third of their tuition (学费) fee revenue from non-EU students. There is growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenue-as well as the cultural, academic and economic benefit international students bring--is being put at risk.
Tim Westlake, director for the student experience at Manchester University, said students whose families relied on them working in the UK after their studies to gain experience and repay the fees were starting to look elsewhere.
Last month the home secretary, Theresa May, announced that embassy staff would interview more than 100,000 applicants in an attempt to prevent bogus (假冒的) ones entering the country. She also said immigrants were responsible for pushing up UK house prices. The comments followed the introduction of new limitations on students' right to work during and after their studies.
Beall said:" Government statistics for the first time provide real evidence that the changes to UK visa regulations may have discouraged many students from applying to the UK, and in particular postgraduate students Who are so important to the UKs research output. The UK enjoys an eXcellent reputation around the world for the high quality of our education system, so the government needs to ensure that institutions have all the support they need to attract international students who make a tremendous academic, cultural and economic contribution to the UK. "
What has caused the decline of the number of non-EU postgraduates in the UK?
A．The increase in tuition and fees.
B．The ever-rising living expenses.
C．Changed immigration policies.
D．Universities' tightened budgets
3、
Instinctively, the first thing we want to know about a disease is whether it is going to kill us. Twenty-five years ago, tiffs was the only question about AIDS we couJd anwer with any certainty; now, it is the only question we really camaot answer well at all.
By now, those of us in the AIDS business long term have cared for thousands of patients. No one with that kind of personal experience can doubt for a moment the deadly potential of H. I. V. or the life-saving capabilities of the drugs developed against it. But there are also now htmdreds of footnotes and exceptions and modifications to those two facts that make the big picture ever murkier (扑朔迷离).
We have patients scattered at every possible point: men and women who cruise on their medications with no problems at all, and those who never become stable on them and die of AIDS; those who refuse them until it is too late, and those who never need them at all; those who leave AIDS far behind only to die from lung cancer or breast cancer or liver failure, and those few who are killed by the medications themelves.
So, when we welcome a new patient into our world, one whose fated place in this world is still unclear, and that patient asks us, as most do, whether this illness is going to kill him or not, it often takes a bit of mental stammering (口吃 ) before we hazard an answer,Now, a complete rundown of all the news from the front would take hours. The statistics change almost; hourly as new treatments appear. It is all too cold, too mathematical, too scary to dump on the head of a sick, frightened person. So we simplify. "We have good treatments now, we say. "You should do fine. "
Once, not so long ago, we were working in another universe.Now we have simply rejoined the carnival ( 嘉年华) of modern medicine, noisy and encouraging, confusing and contradictory, fueled by the eternal balancing of benefits and risks.
You can.win big, and why shouldn't you, with the usual fall-safe combination of luck and money. You have our very best hopes, so step right up: we sell big miracles but, offer no guarantees.
What does the author say about AIDS?
A．It is definitely deadly twenty-five years ago.
B．The patients want to know everything about it.
C．We can answer anything about it with certainty now.
D．We could not answer questions about it well before.
简答题
4、Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．
泼水节（Water Splashing Festival）是傣族富民族特色的节日。人们互相泼水，表示洗去身上一年的污垢和晦气，在新的一年里会更加平安和幸福。泼水节这一天人们要拜佛（worship Budda）姑娘们用漂着鲜花的清水为佛洗尘，然后彼此泼水嬉戏，相互祝愿。被人泼的水越多，说明受到的祝福越多。泼水节期间，还要举行赛龙船、放飞灯等传统娱乐活动和各种歌舞晚会。
5、
上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市(metropolis)。改革开放以来，上海变化之大令髓人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去研以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。
6、1．目前，网上订餐逐渐成了一种流行的生活方式
2．出现这一现象的原因及其影响
3．我的观点
My view on Online Meal Ordering
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7、中国高速客运铁路。常被简称为“中国高铁”。它作为现代社会的一种新的运输方式。有着运载能力大、运输效率高、运行速度快、节能环保等特点。在运载能力和效率上，一趟列车可以运送1000多人，每隔5分钟就可以开出一趟列车；在运行速度上，目前设计时速可达350公里；在节能环保上，高速铁路是绿色交通工具，非常适应节能减排(energy-say i ng and em i ss i on-reduct；on)的要求。
8、对于每个来北京旅游的游客来说，一定不可错过的美食无疑是北京烤鸭(Be i j i ng roast duck)。烤鸭是具有世界声誉的北京著名菜式，由中国汉族人研制于明朝。在当时是宫廷食品。北京烤鸭既美昧又健康，也符合各民族人民的饮食习惯。2008年北京奥运会期间，北京烤鸭与中国水饺一起被纳入奥运菜单之中，受到了世界各国运动员的热烈追捧。在奥运村,平均每天要吃掉700只左右的北京烤鸭。
9、You should write a composition on the topic Digital Age．
写作导航
1．如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用；
2．数字化产品的使用对人们的工作、学习、生活产生的影响。
3．做出总结。
10、
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