2015年英语四级考试每日一练(4月15日)
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单项选择题
1、听音频：
根据听到的内容，回答题。
A．He always has his own ideas．
B．He makes decisions all by himself．
C．He lets his parents make big decisions for him．
D．He lets his parents make all the decisions for him．
2、根据以下资料，回答题：
New evidence of a sick, deprived population working under harshconditions contradicts earlier images of wealth and abundance from the artrecords of the ancient Egyptian city of Tell el-Amarna, a study has found．Tell el-Amarna was the capital of ancient Egypt during the reign of the pharaoh (法老) Akhenaten, who abandoned most of Egypt's old gods in favor of the Aten sun disk andbrought in a new and more expressive style of art．Akhenaten, who ruled Egypt between 1379 and 1362BC, built and lived in Tell el-Amarna in central Egypt for 15 years．The city was largely abandoned shortlyafter his death and the ascendance of the famous boy king Tutankhamun to the throne．Studies on the remains of ordinary ancient Egyptians in a cemetery in Tell el-Amarna showed thatmany of them suffered from anem/a (贫血症 ), fractured bones, stunted growth and high juvenilemortality rates, according to professors Barry Kemp and Jerome Rose, who led the research．Rose, a professor of anthropology (人类学) in the University of Arkansas in the United States, saidadults buried in the cemetery were probably brought there from other parts of Egypt．"This means that wehave a period of deprivation in Egypt prior to the Amarna phase．So maybe things were not so good for theaverage Egyptian and maybe Akhenaten said we have to change to make things better," he said．Kemp, director of the Amarna Project which seeks in part to increase public knowledge of Tell el-Amarna and surrounding region, said little attention has been given to the cemeteries of ordinary ancient Egyptians．Rose displayed pictures showing spinal (脊柱) injuries among teenagers, probably because of accidents during construction work to build the city．The study showed that anemia ran at 74 percent among children and teenagers, and at 44 percentamong adults, Rose said．The average height of men was 159 cm (5 feet 2 inches) and 153 cm among women．"Adult heights are used as an indicator for overall standard of living," he said．"Short statures(身长) reflect a diet deficient in protein．．．People were not growing to their full potential．"
What is the findings of the study mentioned in the passage?
A．The ancient Tell el-Amarna was famous for its art records．
B．The artistic exhibition of ancient Tell el-Amarna was trustworthy．
C．The art records of Tell el-Amarna showed ancient Egyptians' real life．
D．Life was really tough for average Egyptians in ancient Tell el-Amarna．
3、 Questions are based on the following passage.
In his first term. Mayor Michael Bloomberg mapped out a fair plan to get rid of 11,000 tons of New York City garbage every day. The complex proposal was designed to make each district take care of its own trash. It was also supposed to help limit noisy garbage trucks going long distances through, the city to reach marine barges (驳船), railways or out-of-state trash facilities.
Nobody wanted these new garbage transfer stations in their neighborhood, even with promises of new high-tech, low-smell facilities. There are already stations in Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and Staten Island, most of them in lower-income commtmities. Only one area of the city--the Upper East Side of
Manhattan--has refused to accept a trash facility. The city should not give in to local resistance.
It is time for residents in that neighborhood to accept a share of the city's garbage problem. The city should build a modern, environmentally sound facility at 91st Street to transfer trash from Manhattan to barges on the East River. That trash, estimated at up to 1,800 tons a day, would then go by barge to other states.
Deputy Mayor Cas Hoiloway said last week that the city has had to fight off "lawsuit after lawsuit" with "every useless argument under the sun" from those opposing the 91st Street facility. Those delays have helped push the cost for building the station from $125 million in 2006 to about $ 226 million now.
An earlier trash station at that site, which was closed in 1999, was badly designed so that trucks idled along York Avenue. The new facility, Mr. Holloway said, has been designed to reduce the congestion problem with longer ramps (匝道) leading to the facility, which sits on the eastern side of Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive. The plans also call for higher noise-blocking walls along the ramps.
This terminal is an essential part of the city's 20-year waste management plan. John Doherty, the sanitation (环境卫生) commissioner, told critics at a hearing last week, "We will not entertain any changes to what is a fair and thoughtful, district-based approach that was founded on the principles of environmental equity for all New Yorkers."
Environmental equity, in this case, means that the Upper East Side of Manhattan has to do its part.
The plan worked out by Mayor Michael Bloomberg will______.
A．make garbage trucks no longer necessary
B．need more out-of-state trash facilities
C．reduce the amount of trash in the city
D．make each district deal with its own trash
4、根据以下资料，回答题：
A. Like many of its Caribbean neighbors, Haiti once drew many tourists. But decades of political instability, repression and poverty, as well as natural disasters, led to the decay of the tourism infrastructure, and almost no visitors come now. Officials would like to change that. The arts town of
Jacmel is one place they think could be a start.
B. A couple of untidy aid workers were sucking down Sunday morning beers at the Hotel Florita here when the minister of tourism rolled up to the roadside, followed by the interior minister with body guards and then the star of the show, New York fashion designer Donna Karan of DKNY. The notables
were in Jacmel, the funky (含有黑人韵味的爵士 ) art and carnival capital of Haiti, to plot the transformation of the earthquake-rattled port from a faded flower of the Caribbean to a resort destination for celebrities.
C. "We're trying to rebrand Haiti, and so we're bringing Donna here to help us with our vision," TourismMinister Stephanie Balrmir Villedrouin said in an interview. "We're trying to raise the bar a little bit,"Said Karma, as she swept through the abandoned Hotel Jacmeliernne--its seaside swimming pool greenwith grass, its overgrown gardens littered with broken glass--" Oh. we can definitely work with this!"
D. As hard as it may be for young Haitians to believe, their country was once a tourist destination. Evenduring the bad old days of the Duvaiier dictatorships ( 独裁), the tourists came. Or at least a few: seeGraham Greene's 1966 novel The Comedians, set incidentally at a hotel and based on a real-lifemansion (大厦), the Hotel Oloffson in the capital; the hotel is still in operation but is now run byRichard Morse, front man for the rock band RAM and the new government's special political envoy (大使) to the Americas. Today, nobody visits Haiti for fun, except Haitians returning from the abroad.The arrivals at the Port-au-Prince airport is filled with Baptist missionaries, UN officials and Americannurses--not a real tourist in sight.
Tourism dollars
E. Yet across the Caribbean, revenue from tourism represents about 16 percent of gross domesticproduct, and many island nations, such as the Bahamas, Barbados and Antigua, generate at least athird of their GDP from visitors. For most of the Caribbean, tourists' dollars, euros and pesos (比索)are the No. 1 source of foreign investment.
F. Haiti let its tourism infrastructure degrade over three decades of political instability, hurricanes,earthquakes and deadly disease. But the poorest country in the Western hemisphere has a lot to offerthe adventuresome visitor, according to international planners and Haitian officials. The Creole Frenchcuisine (美食) here is some of the best in the Caribbean; its artisans are of world renown, its blend ofAfrican and Spanish music unique. All this, and rock music, too.
G. The still-evolving plans for Haiti 2. 0 forecast Jacmel as a stand-alone destination, meaning touristswould not land in the disordered, dangerous, poor capital, Port-au-Prince, but arrive directly here viaair or boat.
H.With development aid from banks and donor nations, the government of former carnival singer andcurrent President Michel Martelly is planning to extend the airport runway at Jacmel so it canacconunodate small jets that would shuttle from Miami and Fort Lauderdale, Fla. ; Puerto Rico; and Guadaloupe. The deserted port is also scheduled for restoration to allow big cruise ships to dock.
I. in the late 1800s, Jacmel was an important Caribbean crossroads in Haiti—then called the "Pearl of theAntilles"--and its downtown still harbors the Creole architecture of iron balconies and shuttered ware houses for coffee and orange peel. The town reminds many visitors of the French Quarter in New Orleans, and it hosts one of the best carnivals in the Caribbean, as well as a music festival and a filmfestival, now straggling to gain promotion again after the 2010 earthquake.
Seeing potential in ruin
J.Donna Karan knows Jacmel well; she shot her fall catalog at the Hotel Florita. The New Yorker gamelyjumped into the bed of a small track for a tour of town. It stopped at the Manoir Alexandre, once the most prominent building in the city and now a rain that is slowly being restored by Leon Paul, aHaitian American orthopedic surgeon from New York.
K. "We want to restore the mansion to its former glory, but as you can see, that is a big job," Paul saidas he walked Karan through the property, with its peeling wallpaper, holes in the roof, missing stairsand tilting balcony.
L. He said Jacmel, his home town, will rise from the ruins, and he promised that someday soon, Haitiansand visitors will be sitting in his restored mansion, listening to a band, drinking rum and celebrating.
As Karan crawled through the ruins, she saw not despair, but hope: "Wow. Look at this. These aremy colors. The rust, yellow and blue. Take a picture. This is perfect!"
In the Caribbean, Jacmel is well-known for its music festival, film festival and carnivals.
5、
根据材料，回答 问题。
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Addicted, Really?
Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction---and how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II". When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the game's rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia (偏执) and hallucinations (幻想). He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence (过失 ), demanding over $ 9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become "addicted" to the game.
But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography ( 色情作品 ) and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called "Internet addiction"--or how to treat it.
Some mental-health specialists wanted "Internet addiction" to be included in the fifth version of psychiatry's bible, the"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled (全面修订). The American Medical Association endorsed (赞成) the idea in 2007, only to backtrack( 放弃) days later. The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a "common disorder" and supported its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: lnteruet addiction would not be included as a "behavioral addiction"--only gambling made the cut--but it said further study was necessary.
Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000, Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were "addicted" to academia (学术活动). He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem.
He stands by that view today. "No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that lnternet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue," he says. "Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical issues, is definitely unwise."
Others disagree. "That would be wrong," says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Interact addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to navigate(应对). Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.
No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet cafe, sinking hours into a role- playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for a virtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions.
The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew (宵禁) for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an "Internet rescue camp" for serious cases.
But compulsive behaviour is not limited to garners. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge (泛滥) of self-help books, most recently "Alone Together" by Sherry Turlde, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, offer advice on how to unplug (去除障碍).
Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbox or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. New services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of "eBay addiction" soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--or even to "FarmVille", a game playable only within Facebook.
Treatment centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games. In 2006 Amsterdam's Smith & Jones facility billed itself as "the first and, currently, the only residential video-game treatment program in the world". In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction, gaming addiction, and even "texting addiction". In China, meanwhile, military-style "boot camps" are the preferred way to treat Internet problems.
Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, "If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the, same." Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesn't believe her. In his research on college students, he found that most sense when they are "going overboard and restore self-control". Less than1% have a pathological(病态的) problem, he adds. For most people, Internet use "is just a habit--and one that brings us pleasure."
According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.
6、根据材料，回答问题。
The festive break is fast becoming a distant memory and for many, New Year fitness regimes are too. Despite2.6m people starting diets on New Year's Day, research suggests that by the end of the week 92 percent of dieters gave up,36exercise and gorging on comfort food.
Findings37 by weightloss firm XLS-Medical, suggest that the 38 majority are unsuccessful at sticking to their diets for more than five days a week. Two out of l0 dieters 39 they have their first diet relapse (退步) just four to five days in, with hunger cited as the main cause. Boredom and alcohol were40 blamed for people failing to keep their health kick on track.
Dr. Matt Capehorn, Clinical Director of the National Obesity Forum, 41 that just one day off from dieting can undo a week's worth of hard work. He told Female First: "A healthy diet, aimed at losing llb per week, relies on saving 3500 calories a week by having 500 calories less each day." "A day off the diet should mean that you eat the correct amount, but many dieters see it as an excuse to binge (大吃大喝 ) and have thousands of calories more than they need. "
The results suggest that a 42590,000 could already have43to stick to New Year diet resolutions.
And a vast majority are unaware of the negative impact a single day off can have on their weight loss efforts.
Yet44it was found only 5 percent of women stick to their diets until they've45their target weight.
A．massive
B．reached
C．highlighted
D．blamed
E．shunning
F．still
G．released
H．lost
I．also
J．admitted
K．treated
L．dieted
M．overall
N ．vast
O．failed
36.__________
7、 回答题
They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you．Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health．
Gone are the days when bullying was considered an inevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iust last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age．
Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too．They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens．Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and quizzed about bullying．The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood．CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes．
“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement．”says Copeland．“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about．”
Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies．Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1．4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims．In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all．suggesting they didn’t suffer the same health risks． They may even see a benefit from their behavior,though Copeland stresses it doesn’t vindicate(辩护)their actions．“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else’s expense，”he says．
Andrea Danese at King’s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life．“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says．He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied．
What do you know about CRP?
A．It is a symbol of the inflammation．
B．It is a symbol of cardiovascular．
C．It relates directly to diabetes．
D．It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying．
8、回答题
B．Confused?It’s a vision of the world in 25 years，as dreamed up by today’s researchers in computer-human interaction(CHI)．
C． CHI normally means investigating better ways for people to interact with devices we have now,but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toront0，Canada，got ahead of themselves．They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will face with future computers--many of which will be implanted．
D．“It’s meant to be sort of the fringes(边缘)of human--computer interaction research，what’s really edgy or provocative，”says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca，New York，who dreamed up the idea of the conference．“There’s a lot of retrospective thinking about the past，but there’s not as much thinking about what are the futures toward which we think we’re working．”
E．We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions we—or more accurately．our cyborg descendants--might have about computers in 2039．
Is it weird when my organs talk to each other?
F．In an abstract entitled“My liver and my kidney compared notes”，IBM researcher Michael Muller,based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on people’s intemal organs—a network he calls Arterionet--are able to share data and pool knowledge to offer enhanced health tips．
G．His conclusion：“While most users were skeptical．many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations．”
H．It’s worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors．Wearable technology that tracks your activity or your health status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts，lungs and diaphragms(横膈膜) of live cows，pigs and sheep．Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be figuring out how to fit the artificial intelligence in a sufficiently small and safe package．
Why do plants need their own Facebook,again?
I．To understand this question，you need to know about Plantastic，the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine．
J．In their abstract，they reason that to make our food supply more sustainable，it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home．But certain crops thrive when they’re grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plants--too tall all order for the average farmer．
K． Enter Plantastic，which would advise what plants would work best for your area and tell you what people in the neighbourhood are growing．Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site．That information in turn could be used to 1earn more about what grows best in which environment．
L．Assuming people will want to know whether this adds anything，Tomlinson’s team created a fictional(虚构的)study that looks at l o backyard gardens over two growing seasons．It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent．
M．Tomlinson’s graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of what the online system might look like．
Autonomous cars have made driving so boring--what shall I do instead?
N．Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz．Austria，has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future：“The first self-driving car cruised on our roads in 2019．Now,20 years after,it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour．”
O． This vision is rooted in a real trend．Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now．They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada．and Google’s driverless car has already racked up hundreds of thousands of practice miles．
P． Reiner’s contribution is to explore how this will change us．He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere．many of us will lose interest in driving altogether．Fewer of us will own our own cars．Those who do won’t waste as much time pimping them out or driving around iust for fun．People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special“recreation parks”．where they can drive manually in an artificial environment．“If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B，this car culture would get lost．”he says．
Did I just think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it?
Q．Multiple contributors to CHl 2039 ponder the future of brain implants．Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons(神经元)directly in the brain，they assume that this one is a question not of if but when．And that could bring opportunities--and challenges．
R．Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem，Israel，envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow US to share our memories with one another,revolutionising courts，classrooms，and our social interactions．
S．Daniel Gruen of IBM Research，meanwhile，envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget something．一with some darker consequences．“Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,”he says．“At what point do you start wondering．‘Wait．I’ve had an idea．Is that really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?”’
So，what is the ideal number of fingers?
T． Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen?That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically(手术地)attached to your hand．
U．That’s the starting point for a fictitious study of l 24 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic(仿生的)fingers--on average they have 13．4 digits．Johannes Schfnin9，a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium，even comes to an intriguing conclusion：“The optimal finger count is l 2．5，with six normal—sized fingers on each hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can be moved with 6 degrees of freedom．”
V．It’s entertaining stuff but even SchSning admits that 25 years might not be long enough for this one to appear．
In his article．Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionet’s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices．
简答题
9、“今天你网购了吗?”很可能会成为一句问候语。还没人问你?那你可能落伍了。网络购物，这个在几年以前还是一个比较新鲜时髦的东西，如今，随着互联网的普及，这种消费模式正迅速地在网民中盛行。网络购物在大学校园已经成为一种普遍现象。大学生成为了网购的主要群体之一。网络购物给人们的生活提供了便捷，但也极大地冲击了实体零售店。不少实体店主也准备在实体店(br i ck-and-mortar shop)基础上再开个网店。
10、在如今的信息化时代，网络团购(On | i Re group-buy i ng)作为一种新的销售方式，以其价格便宜、形式新颖灵活，深受年轻人以及时尚人士的追捧。截止到201 1年7月，全国团购网站已经超过5000家。但是。消费者在享受网络团购带来的实惠时也出现了一些问题，如假冒产品、服务缩水、价格欺诈等现象。据消费者协会调查，近期接到的有关网络团购的投诉呈上升趋势。消费者们在购物时应保持清醒的头脑。
1、听音频：
点击播放
根据听到的内容，回答题。
A．He always has his own ideas．
B．He makes decisions all by himself．
C．He lets his parents make big decisions for him．
D．He lets his parents make all the decisions for him．
2、根据以下资料，回答题：
New evidence of a sick, deprived population working under harshconditions contradicts earlier images of wealth and abundance from the artrecords of the ancient Egyptian city of Tell el-Amarna, a study has found．Tell el-Amarna was the capital of ancient Egypt during the reign of the pharaoh (法老) Akhenaten, who abandoned most of Egypt's old gods in favor of the Aten sun disk andbrought in a new and more expressive style of art．Akhenaten, who ruled Egypt between 1379 and 1362BC, built and lived in Tell el-Amarna in central Egypt for 15 years．The city was largely abandoned shortlyafter his death and the ascendance of the famous boy king Tutankhamun to the throne．Studies on the remains of ordinary ancient Egyptians in a cemetery in Tell el-Amarna showed thatmany of them suffered from anem/a (贫血症 ), fractured bones, stunted growth and high juvenilemortality rates, according to professors Barry Kemp and Jerome Rose, who led the research．Rose, a professor of anthropology (人类学) in the University of Arkansas in the United States, saidadults buried in the cemetery were probably brought there from other parts of Egypt．"This means that wehave a period of deprivation in Egypt prior to the Amarna phase．So maybe things were not so good for theaverage Egyptian and maybe Akhenaten said we have to change to make things better," he said．Kemp, director of the Amarna Project which seeks in part to increase public knowledge of Tell el-Amarna and surrounding region, said little attention has been given to the cemeteries of ordinary ancient Egyptians．Rose displayed pictures showing spinal (脊柱) injuries among teenagers, probably because of accidents during construction work to build the city．The study showed that anemia ran at 74 percent among children and teenagers, and at 44 percentamong adults, Rose said．The average height of men was 159 cm (5 feet 2 inches) and 153 cm among women．"Adult heights are used as an indicator for overall standard of living," he said．"Short statures(身长) reflect a diet deficient in protein．．．People were not growing to their full potential．"
What is the findings of the study mentioned in the passage?
A．The ancient Tell el-Amarna was famous for its art records．
B．The artistic exhibition of ancient Tell el-Amarna was trustworthy．
C．The art records of Tell el-Amarna showed ancient Egyptians' real life．
D．Life was really tough for average Egyptians in ancient Tell el-Amarna．
3、 Questions are based on the following passage.
In his first term. Mayor Michael Bloomberg mapped out a fair plan to get rid of 11,000 tons of New York City garbage every day. The complex proposal was designed to make each district take care of its own trash. It was also supposed to help limit noisy garbage trucks going long distances through, the city to reach marine barges (驳船), railways or out-of-state trash facilities.
Nobody wanted these new garbage transfer stations in their neighborhood, even with promises of new high-tech, low-smell facilities. There are already stations in Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and Staten Island, most of them in lower-income commtmities. Only one area of the city--the Upper East Side of
Manhattan--has refused to accept a trash facility. The city should not give in to local resistance.
It is time for residents in that neighborhood to accept a share of the city's garbage problem. The city should build a modern, environmentally sound facility at 91st Street to transfer trash from Manhattan to barges on the East River. That trash, estimated at up to 1,800 tons a day, would then go by barge to other states.
Deputy Mayor Cas Hoiloway said last week that the city has had to fight off "lawsuit after lawsuit" with "every useless argument under the sun" from those opposing the 91st Street facility. Those delays have helped push the cost for building the station from $125 million in 2006 to about $ 226 million now.
An earlier trash station at that site, which was closed in 1999, was badly designed so that trucks idled along York Avenue. The new facility, Mr. Holloway said, has been designed to reduce the congestion problem with longer ramps (匝道) leading to the facility, which sits on the eastern side of Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive. The plans also call for higher noise-blocking walls along the ramps.
This terminal is an essential part of the city's 20-year waste management plan. John Doherty, the sanitation (环境卫生) commissioner, told critics at a hearing last week, "We will not entertain any changes to what is a fair and thoughtful, district-based approach that was founded on the principles of environmental equity for all New Yorkers."
Environmental equity, in this case, means that the Upper East Side of Manhattan has to do its part.
The plan worked out by Mayor Michael Bloomberg will______.
A．make garbage trucks no longer necessary
B．need more out-of-state trash facilities
C．reduce the amount of trash in the city
D．make each district deal with its own trash
4、根据以下资料，回答题：
A. Like many of its Caribbean neighbors, Haiti once drew many tourists. But decades of political instability, repression and poverty, as well as natural disasters, led to the decay of the tourism infrastructure, and almost no visitors come now. Officials would like to change that. The arts town of
Jacmel is one place they think could be a start.
B. A couple of untidy aid workers were sucking down Sunday morning beers at the Hotel Florita here when the minister of tourism rolled up to the roadside, followed by the interior minister with body guards and then the star of the show, New York fashion designer Donna Karan of DKNY. The notables
were in Jacmel, the funky (含有黑人韵味的爵士 ) art and carnival capital of Haiti, to plot the transformation of the earthquake-rattled port from a faded flower of the Caribbean to a resort destination for celebrities.
C. "We're trying to rebrand Haiti, and so we're bringing Donna here to help us with our vision," TourismMinister Stephanie Balrmir Villedrouin said in an interview. "We're trying to raise the bar a little bit,"Said Karma, as she swept through the abandoned Hotel Jacmeliernne--its seaside swimming pool greenwith grass, its overgrown gardens littered with broken glass--" Oh. we can definitely work with this!"
D. As hard as it may be for young Haitians to believe, their country was once a tourist destination. Evenduring the bad old days of the Duvaiier dictatorships ( 独裁), the tourists came. Or at least a few: seeGraham Greene's 1966 novel The Comedians, set incidentally at a hotel and based on a real-lifemansion (大厦), the Hotel Oloffson in the capital; the hotel is still in operation but is now run byRichard Morse, front man for the rock band RAM and the new government's special political envoy (大使) to the Americas. Today, nobody visits Haiti for fun, except Haitians returning from the abroad.The arrivals at the Port-au-Prince airport is filled with Baptist missionaries, UN officials and Americannurses--not a real tourist in sight.
Tourism dollars
E. Yet across the Caribbean, revenue from tourism represents about 16 percent of gross domesticproduct, and many island nations, such as the Bahamas, Barbados and Antigua, generate at least athird of their GDP from visitors. For most of the Caribbean, tourists' dollars, euros and pesos (比索)are the No. 1 source of foreign investment.
F. Haiti let its tourism infrastructure degrade over three decades of political instability, hurricanes,earthquakes and deadly disease. But the poorest country in the Western hemisphere has a lot to offerthe adventuresome visitor, according to international planners and Haitian officials. The Creole Frenchcuisine (美食) here is some of the best in the Caribbean; its artisans are of world renown, its blend ofAfrican and Spanish music unique. All this, and rock music, too.
G. The still-evolving plans for Haiti 2. 0 forecast Jacmel as a stand-alone destination, meaning touristswould not land in the disordered, dangerous, poor capital, Port-au-Prince, but arrive directly here viaair or boat.
H.With development aid from banks and donor nations, the government of former carnival singer andcurrent President Michel Martelly is planning to extend the airport runway at Jacmel so it canacconunodate small jets that would shuttle from Miami and Fort Lauderdale, Fla. ; Puerto Rico; and Guadaloupe. The deserted port is also scheduled for restoration to allow big cruise ships to dock.
I. in the late 1800s, Jacmel was an important Caribbean crossroads in Haiti—then called the "Pearl of theAntilles"--and its downtown still harbors the Creole architecture of iron balconies and shuttered ware houses for coffee and orange peel. The town reminds many visitors of the French Quarter in New Orleans, and it hosts one of the best carnivals in the Caribbean, as well as a music festival and a filmfestival, now straggling to gain promotion again after the 2010 earthquake.
Seeing potential in ruin
J.Donna Karan knows Jacmel well; she shot her fall catalog at the Hotel Florita. The New Yorker gamelyjumped into the bed of a small track for a tour of town. It stopped at the Manoir Alexandre, once the most prominent building in the city and now a rain that is slowly being restored by Leon Paul, aHaitian American orthopedic surgeon from New York.
K. "We want to restore the mansion to its former glory, but as you can see, that is a big job," Paul saidas he walked Karan through the property, with its peeling wallpaper, holes in the roof, missing stairsand tilting balcony.
L. He said Jacmel, his home town, will rise from the ruins, and he promised that someday soon, Haitiansand visitors will be sitting in his restored mansion, listening to a band, drinking rum and celebrating.
As Karan crawled through the ruins, she saw not despair, but hope: "Wow. Look at this. These aremy colors. The rust, yellow and blue. Take a picture. This is perfect!"
In the Caribbean, Jacmel is well-known for its music festival, film festival and carnivals.
5、
According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.
6、根据材料，回答问题。
The festive break is fast becoming a distant memory and for many, New Year fitness regimes are too. Despite2.6m people starting diets on New Year's Day, research suggests that by the end of the week 92 percent of dieters gave up,36exercise and gorging on comfort food.
Findings37 by weightloss firm XLS-Medical, suggest that the 38 majority are unsuccessful at sticking to their diets for more than five days a week. Two out of l0 dieters 39 they have their first diet relapse (退步) just four to five days in, with hunger cited as the main cause. Boredom and alcohol were40 blamed for people failing to keep their health kick on track.
Dr. Matt Capehorn, Clinical Director of the National Obesity Forum, 41 that just one day off from dieting can undo a week's worth of hard work. He told Female First: "A healthy diet, aimed at losing llb per week, relies on saving 3500 calories a week by having 500 calories less each day." "A day off the diet should mean that you eat the correct amount, but many dieters see it as an excuse to binge (大吃大喝 ) and have thousands of calories more than they need. "
The results suggest that a 42590,000 could already have43to stick to New Year diet resolutions.
And a vast majority are unaware of the negative impact a single day off can have on their weight loss efforts.
Yet44it was found only 5 percent of women stick to their diets until they've45their target weight.
A．massive
B．reached
C．highlighted
D．blamed
E．shunning
F．still
G．released
H．lost
I．also
J．admitted
K．treated
L．dieted
M．overall
N ．vast
O．failed
36.__________
7、 回答题
They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you．Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health．
Gone are the days when bullying was considered an inevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iust last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age．
Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too．They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens．Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and quizzed about bullying．The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood．CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes．
“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement．”says Copeland．“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about．”
Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies．Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1．4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims．In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all．suggesting they didn’t suffer the same health risks． They may even see a benefit from their behavior,though Copeland stresses it doesn’t vindicate(辩护)their actions．“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else’s expense，”he says．
Andrea Danese at King’s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life．“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says．He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied．
What do you know about CRP?
A．It is a symbol of the inflammation．
B．It is a symbol of cardiovascular．
C．It relates directly to diabetes．
D．It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying．
8、回答题
Into an Unknown World
A．Brain chips mean we are struggling to distinguish our own thoughts from ideas implanted by advertisers．Self-driving cars restrict old．school human drivers to special recreation parks．And the optimal(的)number offingers is 12．5． B．Confused?It’s a vision of the world in 25 years，as dreamed up by today’s researchers in computer-human interaction(CHI)．
C． CHI normally means investigating better ways for people to interact with devices we have now,but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toront0，Canada，got ahead of themselves．They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will face with future computers--many of which will be implanted．
D．“It’s meant to be sort of the fringes(边缘)of human--computer interaction research，what’s really edgy or provocative，”says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca，New York，who dreamed up the idea of the conference．“There’s a lot of retrospective thinking about the past，but there’s not as much thinking about what are the futures toward which we think we’re working．”
E．We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions we—or more accurately．our cyborg descendants--might have about computers in 2039．
Is it weird when my organs talk to each other?
F．In an abstract entitled“My liver and my kidney compared notes”，IBM researcher Michael Muller,based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on people’s intemal organs—a network he calls Arterionet--are able to share data and pool knowledge to offer enhanced health tips．
G．His conclusion：“While most users were skeptical．many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations．”
H．It’s worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors．Wearable technology that tracks your activity or your health status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts，lungs and diaphragms(横膈膜) of live cows，pigs and sheep．Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be figuring out how to fit the artificial intelligence in a sufficiently small and safe package．
Why do plants need their own Facebook,again?
I．To understand this question，you need to know about Plantastic，the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine．
J．In their abstract，they reason that to make our food supply more sustainable，it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home．But certain crops thrive when they’re grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plants--too tall all order for the average farmer．
K． Enter Plantastic，which would advise what plants would work best for your area and tell you what people in the neighbourhood are growing．Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site．That information in turn could be used to 1earn more about what grows best in which environment．
L．Assuming people will want to know whether this adds anything，Tomlinson’s team created a fictional(虚构的)study that looks at l o backyard gardens over two growing seasons．It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent．
M．Tomlinson’s graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of what the online system might look like．
Autonomous cars have made driving so boring--what shall I do instead?
N．Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz．Austria，has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future：“The first self-driving car cruised on our roads in 2019．Now,20 years after,it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour．”
O． This vision is rooted in a real trend．Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now．They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada．and Google’s driverless car has already racked up hundreds of thousands of practice miles．
P． Reiner’s contribution is to explore how this will change us．He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere．many of us will lose interest in driving altogether．Fewer of us will own our own cars．Those who do won’t waste as much time pimping them out or driving around iust for fun．People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special“recreation parks”．where they can drive manually in an artificial environment．“If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B，this car culture would get lost．”he says．
Did I just think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it?
Q．Multiple contributors to CHl 2039 ponder the future of brain implants．Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons(神经元)directly in the brain，they assume that this one is a question not of if but when．And that could bring opportunities--and challenges．
R．Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem，Israel，envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow US to share our memories with one another,revolutionising courts，classrooms，and our social interactions．
S．Daniel Gruen of IBM Research，meanwhile，envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget something．一with some darker consequences．“Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,”he says．“At what point do you start wondering．‘Wait．I’ve had an idea．Is that really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?”’
So，what is the ideal number of fingers?
T． Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen?That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically(手术地)attached to your hand．
U．That’s the starting point for a fictitious study of l 24 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic(仿生的)fingers--on average they have 13．4 digits．Johannes Schfnin9，a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium，even comes to an intriguing conclusion：“The optimal finger count is l 2．5，with six normal—sized fingers on each hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can be moved with 6 degrees of freedom．”
V．It’s entertaining stuff but even SchSning admits that 25 years might not be long enough for this one to appear．
In his article．Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionet’s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices．
简答题
9、“今天你网购了吗?”很可能会成为一句问候语。还没人问你?那你可能落伍了。网络购物，这个在几年以前还是一个比较新鲜时髦的东西，如今，随着互联网的普及，这种消费模式正迅速地在网民中盛行。网络购物在大学校园已经成为一种普遍现象。大学生成为了网购的主要群体之一。网络购物给人们的生活提供了便捷，但也极大地冲击了实体零售店。不少实体店主也准备在实体店(br i ck-and-mortar shop)基础上再开个网店。
10、在如今的信息化时代，网络团购(On | i Re group-buy i ng)作为一种新的销售方式，以其价格便宜、形式新颖灵活，深受年轻人以及时尚人士的追捧。截止到201 1年7月，全国团购网站已经超过5000家。但是。消费者在享受网络团购带来的实惠时也出现了一些问题，如假冒产品、服务缩水、价格欺诈等现象。据消费者协会调查，近期接到的有关网络团购的投诉呈上升趋势。消费者们在购物时应保持清醒的头脑。
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