单项选择题
1、听录音,回答题

A．It is located on Route 18．
B．It has an interesting museum.
C．It is a beautiful little town.
D．It lies seven miles east of Newton.


2、听录音,回答题

A． Since he found a girlfriend．
B． Since he took to heavy smoldng．
C． Since he began to exercise regularly．
D． Since he started to live on his own．


3、听录音,回答题

A．Enjoying strong feelings and emotions．
B．Defying all dangers when they have to．
C．Being fond of making sensational news．
D．Dreaming of becoming famous one day．


4、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ),B．, C． andD． . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanent access to his or hcr own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?
Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.
Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their own pace.
Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far
more quickly than they could without the use of computer.
Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts. marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.
It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A versatile tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.
The word "literacy" (Line 1, Paragraph 1) means__________.
A．the ability to read and write
B．the ability to use
C．literature
D．the knowledge of language


5、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a para'graph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Green Growth
A． The enrichment of previously poor countries is the most inspiring development of our time. It is also worrying. The environment is already under strain. What willhappen when the global population rises from 7 billion today to 9.3 billion in 2050, as demographers(人口统计学家) expect, and a growing proportion of these people can'afford goods that were once reserved for the elite? Can the planet support so much economic activity?
B .Many policymakers adopt a top-down and Western-centfic approach to such planetary problems. They discuss ambitious regulations in global forums, or look to giant multinationals and well-heeled (富有的) NGOs to set an example. But since most people live in the emerging world, it makes sense to look at what successful companies there are doing to make growth more sustainable.
C． A new study by the World Economic Forum (WEF) and the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) identifies 16 emerging-market firms that they say are turning eco-consciousness into a source of competitive advantage. These highly profitable companies (which the study calls "the new sustainability champions") are using greenery to reduce costs, motivate workers and forge relationships. Their home-grown ideas will probably be easier for their peers to copy than anything cooked up in the West.
D． The most outstanding quality of these companies is that they turn limitationsof resources, labor and infrastructure) into opportunities. Thus, India's Shree Cement, which has tong suffered from water shortages, developed the world's most water-efficient method for making cement, in part by using air-cooling rather than water-cooling. Manila Water, a utility in the Philippines, reduced the amount of water it was losing, through wastage and illegal tapping, from 63% in 1997 to 12% in 2010 by making water affordable for the poor.
Broad Group, a Chinese maker of air conditioners, taps the waste heat from buildings to power its machines. Zhangzidao Fishery Group, a Chinese aquaculture (水产养殖) company, recycles uneaten fish feed to fertilize crops.
E.Setting green goals is a common practice. Sekem, an Egyptian food producer, set itself the task of reclaiming ( 开垦) desert land through organic farming. Florida Ice & Farm, a Costa Rican food and drink company, has adopted strict standards for the amount of water it can consume in producing drinks.
F.These firms measure themselves by their greenery, too. Florida Ice & Farm, for example, links 60% of its boss's pay to the triple bottom line of "people, planet and profit". The sustainability champions also encourage their workers to come up with green ideas. Natura, a Brazilian cosmetics company, gives bonuses to staff who find ways to reduce the firm's impact on the environment. Masisa, a Chilean forestry company, invites employees to "imagine unimaginable businesses" aimed at poorer consumers. Woolworths, a South African retailer, claims that many of its best green ideas have come from staff, not bosses.
G.In emerging markets it is hard for companies to stick to one specialism, because they have to worry about so many wider problems, from humble infrastructure to unreliable supply chains. So the sustainability champions seek to shape the business environment in which they operate. They lobby (游说) regulators: Grupo Balbo, a Brazilian organic-sugar producer, is working with the Brazilian government to establish a certification system for organic products. They form partnerships with governments and NGOs. Kenya's Equity Bank has formed an alliance with groups such as The International Fund for Agricultural Development to reduce its risks when lending to smallholders. Natura has worked with its suppliers to produce sustainable packaging, including a new "green" plastic derived from sugar cane.
H. The firms also work hard to reach and educate poor consumers, often sacrificing short-term profits to create future markets. Masisa organizes local carpenters into networks and connects them to low-income furniture buyers. Broad Group has developed a miniature device for measuring air pollution that can fit into mobile phones. Jain Irrigation, an Indian maker of irrigation systems, uses dance and song to explain the benefits of drip irrigation to farmers who can't read. Suntech, a Chinese solar-power company, has established a low- carbon museum to celebrate ways of reducing carbon-dioxide emissions.
Rich became green, or green became rich?
I.One could quibble (争辩)with BCG's analysis. Phil Rosenzweig of Switzerland's IMD business school has argued that management writers are prone to "the halo effect": they treat the temporary success of a company as proof that it has discovered some eternal principle of good management. The fact that some successful companies have embraced greenery does not prove that greenery makes a firm successful. Some firms, having prospered, find they can afford to splurge ( 挥霍) on greenery. Some successful firrns pursue greenery for public-relations purposes. And for every sustainable emerging champion, there are surely 100 firms that have prospered by belching ( 喷出 ) fumes into the air or pumping toxins into rivers.
J.Nonetheless, the central message of the WEF-BCG study--that some of the best emerging-world companies are combining profits with greenery--is thought-provoking. Many critics of environmentalism argue that it is a rich-world luxury: that the poor need adequate food before they need super-clean air. Some even see greenery as a rich-world conspiracy ( 阴谋): the West grew rich by industrializing (and polluting ), but now wants to stop the rest of the world from following suit. The WEF-BCG report demonstrates that such fears are overblown. Emerging-world companies can be just as green as their Western rivals. Many have found that, when natural resources are scarce and consumers are cash-strapped ( 资金短缺的 ), greenery can be a lucrative(利润丰厚的) business strategy.
An air-conditioner manufacturer uses the waste heat from buildings to supply its machines with power.


6、

回答题
A Battle is Looming over Renewable Energy,and Fossil Fuel Interests are Losing
A． In state capitals across the country,legislators are debating proposals to roll back environmental rules，prodded by industry and advocacy groups eager to curtail(缩减)regulations aimed at curbing greenhouse gases．
B．The measures，which have been introduced in about 18 states，lie at the heart of an effort to expand to the state level the battle over fossil fuel and renewable energy．The new rules would trim or abolish climate mandates--including those that require utilities to use solar and wind energy,as well as proposed Environmental Protection Agency rules that would reduce carbon emissions from power plants．
C．But the campaign—despite its backing from powerful groups such as Americans for Prosperity—has run into a surprising roadblock：the growing political clout of renewable-energy interests，even in rock-ribbed Republican states such as Kansas．
D． The stage has been set for what one lobbyist called“trench warfare”as moneyed interests on both sides wrestle over some of the strongest regulations for promoting renewable energy．And the issues are likely to surface this fall in the midterm elections，as well，with Califomia billionaire Tom Steyer pouring money into various gubernatorial(州长的)and state and federal legislative races to back candidates who support tough rules curbing pollution．
E．The multi-pronged conservative effort to roll back regulations，begun more than a year ago，is supported by a loose，well．funded confederation that includes the U．S．Chamber of Commerce，the National Association of Manufacturers and conservative activist groups such as Americans for Prosperity,a politically active nonprofit organization founded in part by brothers David and Charles Koch．These groups argue that existing government rules violate free-market principles and will ultimately drive up costs for consumers．
F．The proposed measures are similar from state to state．In some cases，the legislative language matches or closely resembles model bills and resolutions offered by the American Legislative Exchange Council(ALEC)，a free-market．oriented group of state lawmakers underwritten in part by Exxon Mobil，Koch Industries，Duke Energy and Peabody Energy．“Now more than ever is the time for states to lead the way,”ALEC’s top officials told its members at a meeting in December．
G．The coalition campaigns have achieyed only symbolic victories in a few states．Nonbinding resolutions critical of the EPA power plant proposals have been approved in Alabama，Georgia，Nebraska，West Virginia and Wyoming．Three other states--Louisiana．Missouri and Ohio—are weighing legislation similar to the ALEC model．
H．Only one of the 18 state legislatures has approved a more substantive measure that would replace the EPA’s power plant rules．And even that bill．in Kentucky,could backfire by giving up a chance for the state to design its own program and forcing it to accept a federal compliance program．
I．“Clean energy is beginning to become mainstream，”said Gabe Eisner,executive director of the Energy and Policy Institute，a clean-energy think tank in Washington．“Renewable energy is popular and has increased political power now,”but，he added，“that power is still eclipsed by the resources of the fossil fuel industry．”
A surprisingly tough fight
J．Kansas might be the best place to see how these dynamics are unfolding．
K．The state was a promising choice for a foray(攻击)against rules known as renewable-energy standards．which set minimum levels of renewable-energy use by electric utilities．Variations of these rules have been adopted in about 30 states．even though Congress did not pass a federal version of the requirement．In Kansas，a law passed in 2009 requires utilities to use wind and solar power to generate
at least 15 percent of their electricity bv 2016 and 20 percent by 2020．
L．The coalition seeking the repeal of the renewable mandate had all the ingredients for success．Financial．muscle came from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce，which lobbied heavily for repeal．In addition，the state is home to Koch Industries，the Koch brothers’Wichita-based energy conglomerate(集团)．The state representative for Wichita，Republican Dennis Hedke，has called the company“one of the greatest success stories in the world”and said“they are making very positive contributions．”Hedke
chairs the state House’s Energy and Environment Committee．
M．Koch Industries，along with the utility industry’s Edison Electric Institute and the nation’s biggest coal company,Peabody Energy,have supported ALEC．which advised state lawmakers on repeal strategy．
N．“Koch has consistently opposed all subsidies and mandates across the board．especially as it relates to energy policy,”Philip Ellendea president and chief operating officer of Koch Companies Public Sector,said in a statement，citing the company’s opposition to the renewable fuel standard，wind production tax credit and ethanol(乙醇)mandate．“Government should not mandate the allocation or use of natural resources and raw materials in the production of goods．”
O．The ideological case was supported by conservative think tanks．Kansans for Liberty supposed repeal．and the state branch of Americans for Prosperity told supporters that“green energy mandates replace the free-market with bureaucratic government oversight，driving up costs for hard—working Kansas families．”The national group has spent$300．000 in the state pushing for the rollback of renewable standards．
P．Connections to key Kansas politicians also were stron9．Both the Kansas state Senate’s president．Susan Wagle，and the speaker of the state House，Ray Merrick，are members of the ALEC board and backed repeal．“The repeal of the RPS[Renewable Portfolio Standards]fits in line with the goals of the organization，”said Wagle，who said she joined ALEC in the 1990s in connection with her opposition to health-care reforln led by Hillary Rodham Clinton．then the first lady．
Q．Moreover’the Kansas economy relies heavily on fossil fuels．The state iS the nation’s 10th．1argest producer of crude oil and l 2th-largest of natural gas，according to the federal Energy Information Administration．In 2013，coal-fired power plants provided 61 percent of the state’s electricity,well above the national average．But the strong winds that blow across Kansas have carried new interests into the state．Kansas ranks sixth in the country in wind output，which jumped by a third last year and equaled 19 percent of the state’s electricity,the EIA says．
R． The growing number of wind farms not only generates power but royalties for landowners．Dorothy Barnett，executive director of the Climate and Energy Project，said that Kansas landowners receive more than$1 3 million a year．“This issue is an issue that touches rural Kansans，and we have a lot of rural Kansas legislators，”she said．

Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia．


简答题
7、中国的互联网社区是全世界发展快的。2010年，中国约有4．2亿网民(netizen)，而且人数还在迅速增长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使。用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛地使用论坛、博客、聊天室等。


8、听录音，回答题
We're now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge．Physical labor, raw materials, and capital are no longer the key (26．__________in the creation of wealth．Now, the (27．__________raw material in our economy is knowledge．Tomorrow's   wealth   depends   on   the   development   and   exchange   of   knowledge．  And (28．__________entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles．Knowledge workers  get  paid  for  their  education  and  their  ability  to learn．  Knowledge  workers(29．__________ mind work．They deal with symbols: words, figures, and data．
What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to  be(30．__________ , processing, as well as exchanging information．(31．__________three out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the  future．Management  and  employees  alike  will  be  malting  decisions  in  such  areas  as (32．__________ development, quality control, and customer satisfaction．
In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training to acquire new skills that will help you (33．__________ improved technologies and procedures．You can also expect to be taking greater control Of your career．Gone are the nine-to-five jobs, lifetime security, predictable promotions, and even the (34．__________ workplace, as you are familiar with．Don'texpect the companies will (35．__________ a clearly-defined career path．And don't wait for,someone to "empower" you．You have to empower yourseff．
第(26)题__________


9、You should write a short essay entitled No to Pirated Products.
写作导航
1.盗版现象如今十分突出：
2．之所以会出现盗版的原因以及会造成的问题；
3．提出自己的想法。


10、You should write an email inreply to a friend"s inquiry about whether you are going to work or continue your study after graduation．You shouM also explain the reasons behind your choice． 
写作导航 
1．回应对方来信，提出自己的观点，即会选择继续深造； 
2．从就业形势和知识的重要性两方面阐述了做出该选择的原因，并指出会通过 
参加实践活动来保持与时俱进； 
3．进行总结;
4．按照书信格式表达感谢和祝愿。