2015年英语四级考试每日一练(7月3日)
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单项选择题
1、Questions are based on the following passage．
Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put computers, smartphones and other devices into the hands of medical staff for instant access to patient data, drug information and case studies．
But like many cures, this solution has come with an unintended side effect: doctors and nurses can be focused on the screen and not the patient, even during moments of critical care． A poll showed that half of medical technicians had admitted texting during a procedure．
This phenomenon has set off an intensifying discussion at hospitals and medical schools about a problem perhaps best described as "distracted doctoring．" In response, some hospitals have begun limiting the use of electronic devices in critical settings, while schools have started reminding medical students to focus on patients instead of devices．
"You justify carrying devices around the hospital to do medical records, but you can surf the Internet or do Facebook, and sometimes Facebook is more tempting," said Dr． Peter Papadakos at the University of Rochester Medical Center．
"My gut feeling (本能的感觉is lives are in danger," said Dr． Papadakos． "We're not educating people about the problem, and it's getting worse．"
A survey of 439 medical technicians found that 55 percent of technicians who monitor bypass machines acknowledged that they had talked on cellphones during heart surgery． Half said they had texted while in surgery． The study concluded, "Such distractions have the potential to be disastrous．"
Medical professionals have always faced interruptions from cellphones, and multitasking is simply a fact of life for many medical jobs． What has changed, say doctors, especially younger ones, is that they face increasing pressure to interact with their devices．
The pressure stems from a mantra (信条) of modem medicine that patient care must be "data driven," and informed by the latest, instantly accessible information． By many accounts, the technology has helped reduce medical error by providing instant access to patient data or prescription details．
Dr． Peter Carmel, president of the American Medical Association, said technology "offers great potential in health care．" but he added that doctors' first priority should be with the patient．
Why do hospitals equip their staff with computers, smartphones and other devices?
A．To reduce medical error．
B．To cope with emergencies．
C．To facilitate administration．
D．To simplify medical procedures．
2、听录音,回答题
A．A notice by the electricity board.
B．Ads promoting electric appliances.
C．The description of a thief in disguise.
D．A new policy on pensioners' welfare.
3、听录音，
回答题
A．The girls got on well with each other.
B．It's understandable that girls don't get along.
C．She was angry with the other young stars.
D．The girls lacked the courage to fight.
4、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.
Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income, 36in a time of widespread redundancies (裁员).
In a37 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take38in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the39while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 40 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them41 company.
The Women and Work Survey 2010, commissioned (受……委托) by Grazia magazine, found that almost half of full-time mothers42not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working insome way after having children.
A43 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time--rather than stay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career44faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more45between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.
A． precedence
B． connection
C． prospect
D． slightly
E. ladder
F. favored
G. plan
H. reversal
I. especially
J. parting
K. opposite
L. chores
M. disliked
N. fluidity
O. significant
36.__________
5、听音频：
根据听到的内容，回答题。
A．It is a place where is full ofpeople．
B．It is the name of the travel agency．
C．It is an interesting place that people cail visit．
D．It is a place where people can discover interesting things．
简答题
6、饺子（Jiaozi．）是人们在中国新年及北方常年吃的主要食物之一。饺子的发音听起来与早的纸币的名字相似。所以吃饺子被认为会带来幸运。很多家庭在除夕夜吃饺子。有些厨师会藏一枚干净的硬币，让幸运的人找到它。常见的饺子肉馅包括猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉以及鱼肉，这些肉馅通常会与切碎的蔬菜混合在一起。吃饺子时拌有包含醋、大蒜或速拯酱（hot sauce．的以酱油（soy sauce．为基础的沾酱。
7、为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设旋和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsory education)．这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使l6万多所中小学受益．资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材．现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课．一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读．
8、听录音，回答题
An international conference took place this week in Dakar，Senegal，to find new ways to get and keep girls in sch001．
The United Nations Children’s Fund says nearly(26) __ million children were not in school in two thousand seven．More than half are girls，and mole than tw0·thirds are in sub-Saharan Africa，South Asia and West Asia．
School attendance has(27) __ in many areas．But the head of UNICEF，Anthony Lake，says：“(28) __ we all work harder，there may still be fifty—six million children out of school in two thousand fifteen．”
The U．N．Girls’Education Initiative(29) __ the meeting of two hundred scholars，aid workers and government officials from twenty-two countries．The initiative was(30) __ in Dakar ten years a90．The aim is to bring(31) __ school education to all girls and boys(32) __，by two thousand fifteen．The(33) __ centered on three main problems to(34) __ girls in school：violence，poverty and poor quality education．
The UNESCO official says schools need to(35) __ what they teach and how they teach it．For example，she says schools should teach African children in their native languages，not simply in En9—lish or French．
第(26)题__________
9、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay about a course that has impressed you most in college. You shouldstate the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
10、在全球变暖的大背景下，低碳经济(| ow-carbon economy)受到越来越多国家的关注。低碳经济是以减少温室气体排放为目标，以低能耗、低污染为基础的经济发展方式。近些年来，科学界以及各国政府已基本达成一致，推行低碳经济是避免气候发生灾难性变化、保持人类可持续发展的有效方法之一。以公众的消费选择引导和鼓励企业开发低碳产品技术，向低碳生产模式转变，终达到减少全球温室气体的效果。
1、Questions are based on the following passage．
Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put computers, smartphones and other devices into the hands of medical staff for instant access to patient data, drug information and case studies．
But like many cures, this solution has come with an unintended side effect: doctors and nurses can be focused on the screen and not the patient, even during moments of critical care． A poll showed that half of medical technicians had admitted texting during a procedure．
This phenomenon has set off an intensifying discussion at hospitals and medical schools about a problem perhaps best described as "distracted doctoring．" In response, some hospitals have begun limiting the use of electronic devices in critical settings, while schools have started reminding medical students to focus on patients instead of devices．
"You justify carrying devices around the hospital to do medical records, but you can surf the Internet or do Facebook, and sometimes Facebook is more tempting," said Dr． Peter Papadakos at the University of Rochester Medical Center．
"My gut feeling (本能的感觉is lives are in danger," said Dr． Papadakos． "We're not educating people about the problem, and it's getting worse．"
A survey of 439 medical technicians found that 55 percent of technicians who monitor bypass machines acknowledged that they had talked on cellphones during heart surgery． Half said they had texted while in surgery． The study concluded, "Such distractions have the potential to be disastrous．"
Medical professionals have always faced interruptions from cellphones, and multitasking is simply a fact of life for many medical jobs． What has changed, say doctors, especially younger ones, is that they face increasing pressure to interact with their devices．
The pressure stems from a mantra (信条) of modem medicine that patient care must be "data driven," and informed by the latest, instantly accessible information． By many accounts, the technology has helped reduce medical error by providing instant access to patient data or prescription details．
Dr． Peter Carmel, president of the American Medical Association, said technology "offers great potential in health care．" but he added that doctors' first priority should be with the patient．
Why do hospitals equip their staff with computers, smartphones and other devices?
A．To reduce medical error．
B．To cope with emergencies．
C．To facilitate administration．
D．To simplify medical procedures．
2、听录音,回答题
A．A notice by the electricity board.
B．Ads promoting electric appliances.
C．The description of a thief in disguise.
D．A new policy on pensioners' welfare.
3、听录音，
回答题
A．The girls got on well with each other.
B．It's understandable that girls don't get along.
C．She was angry with the other young stars.
D．The girls lacked the courage to fight.
4、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.
Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income, 36in a time of widespread redundancies (裁员).
In a37 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take38in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the39while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 40 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them41 company.
The Women and Work Survey 2010, commissioned (受……委托) by Grazia magazine, found that almost half of full-time mothers42not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working insome way after having children.
A43 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time--rather than stay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career44faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more45between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.
A． precedence
B． connection
C． prospect
D． slightly
E. ladder
F. favored
G. plan
H. reversal
I. especially
J. parting
K. opposite
L. chores
M. disliked
N. fluidity
O. significant
36.__________
5、听音频：
点击播放
根据听到的内容，回答题。
A．It is a place where is full ofpeople．
B．It is the name of the travel agency．
C．It is an interesting place that people cail visit．
D．It is a place where people can discover interesting things．
简答题
6、饺子（Jiaozi．）是人们在中国新年及北方常年吃的主要食物之一。饺子的发音听起来与早的纸币的名字相似。所以吃饺子被认为会带来幸运。很多家庭在除夕夜吃饺子。有些厨师会藏一枚干净的硬币，让幸运的人找到它。常见的饺子肉馅包括猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉以及鱼肉，这些肉馅通常会与切碎的蔬菜混合在一起。吃饺子时拌有包含醋、大蒜或速拯酱（hot sauce．的以酱油（soy sauce．为基础的沾酱。
7、为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设旋和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsory education)．这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使l6万多所中小学受益．资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材．现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课．一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读．
8、听录音，回答题
An international conference took place this week in Dakar，Senegal，to find new ways to get and keep girls in sch001．
The United Nations Children’s Fund says nearly(26) __ million children were not in school in two thousand seven．More than half are girls，and mole than tw0·thirds are in sub-Saharan Africa，South Asia and West Asia．
School attendance has(27) __ in many areas．But the head of UNICEF，Anthony Lake，says：“(28) __ we all work harder，there may still be fifty—six million children out of school in two thousand fifteen．”
The U．N．Girls’Education Initiative(29) __ the meeting of two hundred scholars，aid workers and government officials from twenty-two countries．The initiative was(30) __ in Dakar ten years a90．The aim is to bring(31) __ school education to all girls and boys(32) __，by two thousand fifteen．The(33) __ centered on three main problems to(34) __ girls in school：violence，poverty and poor quality education．
The UNESCO official says schools need to(35) __ what they teach and how they teach it．For example，she says schools should teach African children in their native languages，not simply in En9—lish or French．
第(26)题__________
9、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay about a course that has impressed you most in college. You shouldstate the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
10、在全球变暖的大背景下，低碳经济(| ow-carbon economy)受到越来越多国家的关注。低碳经济是以减少温室气体排放为目标，以低能耗、低污染为基础的经济发展方式。近些年来，科学界以及各国政府已基本达成一致，推行低碳经济是避免气候发生灾难性变化、保持人类可持续发展的有效方法之一。以公众的消费选择引导和鼓励企业开发低碳产品技术，向低碳生产模式转变，终达到减少全球温室气体的效果。
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