Passage 3
　　As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class- consciousness has decreased, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, there are two classes, the middle class and the working class. ( We shall ignore for a moment the old "upper class", including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life.) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.
　　(79) The most obvious difference between them is In their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of "received pronunciation" which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers to social equality in England is the two-class educational system. To have been to a so-called "public school" immediately marks one as of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working class people, and are usually more cultured. (80) Their midday meal is "lunch" and they have a rather formal evening meal called "dinner" whereas the working man’s dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.
　　As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education, and working- class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear. However, regardless of one’s social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody. A well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a laborer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word "sir", except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army) sounds too servile to be commonly used.
　　11.
　　The middle class mainly refers to people ______ .
　　A who were born as aristocrat
　　B who have the right to sit in the House of Lords
　　C who speak in many different local accents
　　D who are prosperous businessmen or professionals
　　答案:D
　　细节题。选项D意为“那些比较富裕的生意人或专业人士”。段的倒数第二句说：“The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds．”(中产阶级主要包括富裕的生意人和各种职业的人。)
　　12.
　　Which of the following is NOT true about the English class system?
　　A It is an embarrassing subject for English people.
　　B Working-class students cannot receive a university education.
　　C The class system is much less rigid than it was.
　　D The class system still exists below the surfac
　　答案:B
　　细节题。见第三段第二句的前半句“Working-class students very commonly receive a university education．”(来自工人阶级家庭的学生接受大学教育的情况已十分普遍。)选项B意为“来自工人阶级家庭的学生不能接受大学教育”。
　　13.
　　Why isn’t the word "sir" commonly used in Britain?
　　A Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.
　　B Because it can only be used in certain occupations.
　　C Because it is an impolite word.
　　D Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.
　　答案:A
　　推断题。见文章的后两句 “Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike．Even the word‘sir’，except in school and in certain occupations (e．g．commerce，the army)sounds too servile to be commonly used．”(谦卑会引起尴尬和不悦。甚至像“阁下”这样的词，除了在特定的职业中(如商业、军队)外，也不太常用，因为它听起来太过谦卑。)选项A意为“因为它听起来太过谦卑，很可能会引起尴尬”。
　　14.
　　The upper class in England today ______ .
　　A are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to them
　　B still uses old words like "sir" in everyday life
　　C includes the hereditary aristocracy
　　D refers only to the royal family
　　答案:C
　　细节题。A选项前半部分是对的，上流社会人数很少。后半部分是错的，媒体还在关注他们。B选项相关内容在文末。D没有提到。C在段中间出现，是正确答案。
　　15.
　　The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is thek ______ .
　　A dress
　　B work
　　C accent
　　D meal
　　答案:C
　　细节题。第二段的句说：“The most obvious difference between them is in their accent．”(他们之间明显的区别是他们的口音。)

学位英语:2014年学位英语考试报名考试大纲 冲刺必备试题