2012年下半年中小学和幼儿园教师资格考试
英语学科知识与教学能力试题(初级中学)
注意事项：
1．考试时间为120分钟，满分为150分。
2．请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答。在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。
一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分)
1．__________River Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus and is also a lifeline to millions of Indians who live along its course and depend 6n it for their daily needs．
A．The
B．／
C．A
D．An
2．This is the first time l__________her sin9，and I hope it is the last．
A．hear
B．had heard
C．heard
D．have heard
3．__________Kelly likes to sin9，her twin sister prefers to dance．
A．As
B．While
C．Since
D．Although
4．Being a direct relative of the deceased，her claim to the estate was__________ ．
A．optional
B．compulsory
C．1egitimate
D．prominent
5．The lexical relation between damp and m0／st is__________．
A．synonymy
B．antonymy
C．hyponymy
D．homonymy
6．The mode of operation in passing laws in the U．S．Congress has many__________，but there is no attempt being made to improve it．
A．options
B．solutions
C．advantages
D．drawbacks
7．Which of the following sets of English sounds differs only in one distinctive feature?
A.／f／／θ／／s／／∫／
B．／f／／θ／／z／／∫／
C．／f／／θ／／z／／3／
D．／f／d／／z／／3／
8．Which of the following correctly describes the word stress?
A．Origin，Original，Originality
B．oRigin，oRiginal，oRiginality
C．Origin，oRiginal，origiNAlity
D．oRigin，oRiginal，originality
9．In attempting to investigate the complex nature of second language learnin9，we have to appealto ideas not only from linguistic analysis，but from all the following fields EXCEPT__________．
A．education
B．psychology
C．sociology
D．mythology
10．Which of the following is a slip of tongue?
A．Black shoes．
B．Black holes．
C．Black bloxes．
D．Black boxes．
11．A teacher handed out a list of twenty“if’’sentences and asked students to discuss and find out the grammatieal rules．What is the teacher’s grammar teaching method?，
A．Deduction．
B．Presentation．
C．Consolidation．
D．Induction．
12．When you focus on“utteI'OXICe function”and“expected response”by using examples like“apology／acceptance．inform／acknowledge”，you ale probably teaching language at the__________.
A.lexical level
B．discourse level
C．story level
D．grammatical level
13．Asking students to explain new words in a text with known words is NOT all act of__________.
A．elicitation
B．reinforcement
C．management
D．production
14．Which of the following is an accuracy-oriented speaking activity?
A．Identifying particular phonemes on the tape·
B．Acting out the roles in the classroom．
C．Greeting people informally in pairs．
D．Having discussion in groups．
15．Which of the following is NOT suitable pre-listening activity?
A．Writing a similar text．
B．Discussing a relevant picture．
C．Writing questions about the topic．
D．Learning vocabularies about the topic．
16．Writing exercises such as completion，reproduction，compression，and translation are mainly the type of exercises used in__________．
A．incentive writing
B．guided writing
C．free writing
D．creative writing
17．Student：I’m very down．My dad get seriously ill last week，and l’m…
Teacher：N0．Not get．Say got because it’S in the past．The conversation above shows that the teacher__________．
A．focuses on accuracy only
B．1acked confidence in the student
C．had a good rapport with the student
D．failed to understand what the student said
18．If a teacher gets an incorrect answer from students，it is most appropriate for him or her to say“__________”in order to encourage them．
A．N0．I don’t like your answers．
B．Nonsense，it is not what l want!
C．Your answer is far beyond the point．
D．You missed the point，but I’m glad you mentioned another point．
19．When a student said in class，“I goed there yesterday．”the teacher responded，“Say it again，please．”The response is all example of__________．
A．recast
B．modification
C．Dositive feedback
D．postponed feedback
20．When students engage in group work，the teacher moves around to provide help if necessary and make sure they are doing the task properly．This is called__________．
A．instructing
B．obse／ving
C．monitoring
D．evaluating
请阅读Passage One，完成第21—25小题。
Passage One
Coasts mark the area where dry land meets oceans or other large bodies of water．They are one of the most active environments found on Earth．The coasted landscape is ever changing． It reflects the conflicting processes erosion of and deposition．It is a landscape that is affected by the interac-tions of the Earth，the Moon，and the Sun．
Coasts are among the most beautiful and inspiring landscapes on the planet，whether they are scenes of torrential storms or serene calm．Throughout recorded history，humans have sought to live on or near coasts． Although coasts account for only lo percent of Eaah’s land surface，they serve as home to tw0．thirds of the world’s human population．
Coasts and shore．coastline and shoreline，are commonly used in place of each other．Techni- cally，they are different areas along a coastal hmdscape．The line that marks‘the boundary between water and land is the shoreline． It constantly fluctuates because of the regular action of waves and tides．The shore is that strip of ground borderi ng a body of water that is alternately covered or ex- posed by waves or tides：The boundaries of the shore are marked by the shoreline at its farthest sea-ward(10w tide)and farthest landward(high tide)．
Tides is the Deriodic rising and falling of water in oceans and other large bodies of water in re- sponse to the gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun upon Each．Although the Sun is larger than the M00n．the Moon is closer to Earth and，therefore，its gravitational force is approximately2．2 times greater．The gravitational pull of the Moon creates two types of tides：high and low．A tidal bulge occuYs in the oceans on the side of Each nearest the Moon，at the same time，a second tidal bulge occurs on the opposite side of Earth．This second bugle forms because the force of the Moon’s gravity pulls the solid body of Eaah slightly away from the water on Eaah’s far side．These bugles are high tides．The areas between the tidal bugles experience low tide．
As Earth rotates．the tides move over its surface．It takes approximately 24 hours and 50 mi-nutes for a given point on Earth to make a complete cycle relative to the Moon，and two lunar tidal cvcles occur during this time．Thus，the average time between high tides is 1 2 hours and 25 mi-nutes．This is a generalized explanation of titles．They do not move evenly and predictably over Earth’s surface．Variations in the depth of the oceans and the distribution of landmasses combine with other factors to produce highly complex tidal behavior．
The coast and coasdine begin where the shore ends at its high tide mark(farthest landward)．The line between the coast and the shore at high tide is the coastline．The coast extends landward from the coastline to the first major change in terrain features，which may be miles inland．This could be a highland or a forest or some other type of terrain．Sometimes，the change between the coast and the adjacent terrain is not so distinct．
21．All of the following statements ale true about coastal landscape EXCEPT__________．
A．It is an area of stagnancy．
B．It is an area of continuous change．
C．It is an area of erosion and deposition．
D．It is an area shaped by the interaction of the Earth，the Moon，and the Sun．
22．How many people live on or near coasts?
A．About lo percent of human population．
B．About 25 percent of human population．
C．About 67 percent of human population．
D．About 75 percent of human population．
23．The underlined word fluctuate in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to__________．
A．forecast
B．alter
C．stable
D．strike
24．The gravitational force of the Sun and the Moon upon Earth depends on__________．
A．their size
B．their weight
C．their distance to Earth
D．the depth of the oceans
25．One lunar tidal cycle lasts__________．
A．24 hours and 50 minutes
B．12 hours and 25 minutes
C．a month
D．haIf a month
请阅读Passage Two。完成第26—30小题。
Passage Two
Respect is not included in the marriage VOWS．No illustrated books show how to achieve it．Andyet it is central to a lastin9，satisfying marriage．
What is this thing called respect?It is not the same as admiration．“When you fall in love，you admire the other．”says Dr．Alexander Symonds，associate clinical professor of psychiatry at theNew York University School of Medicine，“You look up to someone--much the way a child idealizesa parent．”
Such romantic admiration thrives and even depends on the il lusion that hi；or she is“perfect for you．”That’s why it doesn’t last．You come to see that the person you married isn’t exactly what you expected，”says Francine Gaborone，“There are differences of personality，of approaches tolife，‘different ways of doing things．”
You can try to change your mate back into your fantasy． But for the marriage to last and growit’s better to agree to disagree，to learn to let each other be．Only by taking this path Call you beginto develop real respect toward each other．
“I have one patient whose husband loves sports，especially tennis，”says Dr．Symonds．“Shewould prefer to go to the theatre，or to stay at home and read．She could simply say，‘We have dif-ferent tastes．’Instead，she says，‘How can he waste his time and money that way?’She puts himdown．”
The put-down is the chief symptom--and weapon--of lack of respect，or contempt．“Contemptis the worst kind of emotion．”says Symonds．“You feel the other pemon has no worth．”
We’ve aU seen maITiages in which one or both partners attack the other quite savagely in the guise of“It，s for your own good．”Any“good”is undone．by the hostile tone．A wife nags her hus-band to be more ambitious and makes him feel like a failure because he prefers craftsmanship orcommunity pmjects to the competitive business world．Or a husband accuses his wife of wasting time whenever she gets together with a friend：“Why isn’t she doing something productive?”
In good marriage partners nurture each other’s self-esteem．They may experience humorous incomprehension of one another’s preferences，but they never make their loved person feel like an idiot． “Martyr’s idea of a vacation is to go down to basement on a sunny day and spend time wood-working，”says Dr．Alexander Symonds of her husband，psychiatrist and surgeon Martin Symonds.
But there’s fondness in the gibes and firm support for the other’s right to be himself．Respect is expressed in words like，“Sure，I’11 come with you．Just don’t be mad if I fall asleep.”
That’s the paradox of a good marriage：only by respecting each other as you are do you oPenthe doorto change．The root meaning of the word respect is“to look at"．Respect is a clear yet lov-ing eye．It sees what i8陀ally there，but it also sees what is potentially there and helps bring it tofruition． Respect is the art of love by which married couples honor what is unique and best in each other．
26．According to the author。respect__________.
A．means accepting each other’s faults
B．means valuing each other’s differences
C．should be included in the marriage VOWS
D．is as important to a satisfying marriage as admiration
27．According to the author，which of the following is the most harmful to a marriage?
A．Admiration of your partner．
B．Idealization of your partner.
C．Contempt of your partner．
D．Disillusion of your partner.
28．The underlined phrase agree to disagree in Paragraph 4 means that__________.
A．one should realize that no two people are the same
B．one should be keen to find out his or her partner’s merits
C．one should face the reality that his or her partner is not a perfect person
D．one should realize that lle or she should appreciate differences on the part of this or her partner
29．The passage suggests that i f you respect your partner，you will__________.
A．help him or her to improve
B．change yourself to tolerate h．im or her
C．change him or her into what you expect
D．show your incomprehension of his hobbies in a humorous way
30．The underlined word undone in Paragraph 7 suggests that__________.
A．what you said reversed what you meant
B．what yotI said was not what you meant
C．what you said meant nothing to your partner
D．what you said failed to touch the heart of your partner
