答案精析

Part I                         Writing
[范文]
The Traffic Jam
The traffic jam is a serious problem in big cities. During therush hours, traffic may sometimes be held up for as long as more than an hour.Students are late for classes; workers of every walk of life are late for work;and travelers miss their trains or flights. The inconvenience caused by trafficjams is so much that everyone agrees something must be done about it.
First, we must find out the cause of the problem. Most peopleblame it on the increasing numbers of cars.
Yet this is only one factor. Another reason is the relativelyunder-developed infrastructure construction, namely,the lack of wide roads,streets and highways. Furthermore, people's weak sense of traffic regulationsmay result in more road accidents that in turn add to the seriousness oftraffic jams.
To solve the problem, stiffer punishment for breaking trafficrules is necessary. Besides, a long-term planning of road construction must betaken into consideration. Still another solution will be the advocacy of publictransports and car-pool, an effective means to increase the transport capacityduring rush hours.
【译文】
交通拥堵
交通拥堵是大城市所面临的一个严重问题。在高峰期间，交通堵塞可能会长达一个多小时。学生上课迟到，各行各业的职工上班迟到，旅客误了火车或者飞机。交通拥堵带来了如此大的不便，几乎人人都赞同必须采取一些措施了。首先，我们必须找到问题的原因。大部分人都会责怪越来越多的私家车数量造成了这种状况。但这只是一方面因素。另一个原因是基础设施建设相对落后，也就是道路不够宽阔。此外，人们交通规则意识的淡薄可能会导致路上的事故增多，这反过来又会加剧交通拥堵的严重程度。为解决这一问题，必须对违反交通规则的行为进行更为严厉的处罚。此外，必须考虑道路建设的长期规划。另一个解决方法就是倡导公共交通和拼车出行，这可以有效增加高峰期间的运载能力。
【要点用法】
hold up使停止，使停顿    stiff严厉的，严格的
every walk of life各行各业   advocacy提倡，倡导
inconvenience不便public transpoa公共交通
infrastructure基础设施   car—pool拼车(多人合坐一辆车)
【句法点评】
1．The inconvenience caused by traffic jams is so much that everyoneagrees something must be done about it．本句主体为so…that…结构。caused by traffic jams为后置定语，修饰inconvenience。agrees后接省略了that的宾语从句。
2．Most people blame it on the increasing numbers of cars．
blame it on sth．是一个亮点表达，意为“责怪……，将责任推到……身上”。先说most people的观点，后文再给出作者自己能想到的其他原因，使得论述更为严谨。
3．Furthermore，people’s weak sense of trafficregulations may result in more road accidents that in turn add to theseriousness of traffic jams first，another reason，furthermore将第二段概括为三点主要内容，层次清晰。weak sense of trafficregula—tions意为“交通规则意识的淡薄”。result in意为“导致”，用于引出结果。inturn意为“反过来”，serious—mess为抽象名词，两者的用法都比较地道。

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