单项选择题
1、 Passage Two
Questionsare based on the following passage．
The Wall Street Journal quoted sources close to thecompany as saying a run of 4．000 devices will be manufacturednext month．The tablet will have two rear-facing camerasand advanced imaging software——and will be shown off at the firm’s forthcomingdevelopers’ conference．Google has said it will not commenton “rumor and speculation”．But in March，Google showed off Project Tango，all effortto bring 3D technology to its handheld devices．Aprototype smart phone had been given out to 200 developers to try out．
The technology makes use of infrared sensors tomeasure depth of surroundings．While the ability to create 3Dimages with small devices is by no means a new technological feat，Google’s strategy will be to harness the hardware to contribute to，among other things，its mapping effort．For instance，the devices could be used tocreate quickly a 3D map of indoor environments．Accordingto the Wall Street Journal，the 3D tablet will be shownof fat Google’s annual developers’ conference at the end of June．
As it did with the Google Glass eyewear product．itis expected the firm will A．low a select number ofdevelopers and engineers to experiment with the technology before a consumerlaunch is planned．although still a relatively minorindustry，the race to create the “killer app” forbuilding and viewing virtual reality environments is building a pace．In March，Facebook swooped in on a$2bn（￡1．2bn） deal for OculusVR，a company making a virtual reality headset．
A mini-site for Project Tango has highlighted a fewof the firm’s plans in the area．“Project Tango is an attempt tocreate a mobile device unlike like any other，”the siteexplains．“A mobile device that shares our sense ofspace and movement，that understands and perceives theworld the same way we do．”
In the past few years，devices able to view andcreate 3D images have made it to market，but suffered heavilyfrom a lack of consumer interest，said Jack Kent，an analyst at IHS．“If Google really pushesit，that might change也e dynamicsof the market。”he told the BBC．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
What is the feature of the newtablet？
A．It will have two pre-facing camerasand advanced imaging software．
B．It will have one rear-facingcamera and advanced imaging hardware．
C．It will have two rear-facing camerasand advanced imaging software．
D．It will have one pre-facingcamera and advanced imaging hardware．


2、听录音：
根据所听到的内容，回题。

A． He gives up smoking.
B． lie is under economic crisis.
C． He is fired by his boss.
D． He cannot have a holiday.


3、        根据以下内容，回答题。
        What You Really Need to Know
        A． A paradox (悖论．of American higher education is this: The expectations of　leading universities do much to define what secondary schools teach, and　much to establish a sample for what it means to be an educated man or　woman. College campuses are seen as the source for the newest thinking　and for the generation of new ideas, as society's cutting edge.
        B． And the world is changing very rapidly. Think social networking or stem cells. Most companies look nothing like they did 50 years ago. Think General Motors, AT&T or Goldman Sachs.
        C． Yet undergraduate education changes remarkably little over time. My predecessor as Harvard President, Derek Bok, famously compared the difficulty of reforming a curriculum with the difficulty of moving a cemetery (公墓). With few exceptions, just as in the middle of the 20th century, students take four courses a term, each meeting for about three hours a week, usually with a teacher standing in front of the room. Students are evaluated on the basis of examination essays handwritten in blue books and relatively short research papers. Instructors are organized into departments, most of whichbear the same names they did when the grandparents of today's students were undergraduates. A vastmajority of students still major in one or two disciplines centered on a particular department.
        D． It may be that inertia (惯性．is appropriate. Part of universities' function is to keep alive man'sgreatest creations, passing them from generation to generation. Certainly anyone urging reform doeswell to remember that in higher education the United States remains an example to the world, and thatAmerican universities compete for foreign students more successfully than almost any other Americanindustry competes for foreign customers.
        E．Nonetheless, it is interesting to speculate: Suppose the educational system is drastically altered torefleot the structure of society and what we now understand about how people learn. How will whatuniversities teach be different? Here are some guesses and hopes.
        F．1. Education will be more about how to process and use information and less about instructing it. Thisis a consequence of both the explosion of knowledge--and how much of it any student can truly absorb--and changes in technology. Before the printing press, scholars might have had to memorize The Canterbury Tales to have continuing access to them. This seems a bit ridiculous to us today. Bu tin a world where the entire Library of Congress will soon be accessible on a mobile device with search procedures that are vastly better than any card catalog, factual mastery will become less and less important.
        G．2. An inevitable consequence of the knowledge explosion is that tasks will be carried out with far more collaboration. As just one example, the fraction of economics papers that are co-authored has more than doubled in the 30 years that I have been an economist. More significant, collaboration is a much greater par,. of what workers do, what businesses do and what governments do. Yet the great superiority of work a student does is done alone at every level in the educational system. Indeed, excessive collaboration with others goes by the name of cheating.
        H．For most people, school is the last time they will be evaluated on indivividual effort. One leading investment bank has a hiring process in which a candidate must interview with upward of 60 senior members of the firm before receiving an offer. What is the most important specialty they're looking for? Not GMAT scores or college transcripts ( 成绩单), but the ability to work with others. As greater value is placed on collaboration, surely it should be practiced more in our nation's classrooms.
        I．3. New technologies will profoundly alter the way knowledge is conveyed. Electronic readers allow textbooks to be constantly revised, and to mix audio and visual effects. Think of a music text in which you can hear pieces of music as you read, or a history text in which you can see film clips about what you are reading. But there are more profound changes set in train. There was a time when professors had to prepare materials for their students. Then it became clear that it would be a better system if textbooks were written by just a few of the most able: faculty members would be freed up and materials would be improved, as competition drove up textbook quality.
        J．Similarly, it makes sense for students to watch video of the clearest math teacher or the most distinct analyst of the Revolutionary War rather than having thousands of separate efforts. Professors will have more time for direct discussion with students--not to mention the cost savings--and material will be better presented. In a 2008 survey of first-and second-year medical students at Harvard, those who used accelerated video lectures reported being more focused and learning more material faster than when they attended lectures in person.
        K．4. As articulated ted (明确有力地表达．by the Nobel Prize-winner Daniel Kahneman in "Thinking, Fast and Slow," we understand the processes of humaa thought much better than we once did. We are not rational calculating machines but collections of modules, each programmed to be skillful at a particular set of tasks. Not everyone learns most effectively in the same way. And yet in the face of all evidence, we rely almost entirely on passive learning. Students listen to lectures or they read and then are evaluated on the basis of their ability to demonstrate content mastery. They aren't asked to actively use the knowledge they are acquiring.
        L．"Active learning classrooms"—which gather students at tables, with furniture that can be rearranged and integrated technology—help professors interact with their students through the use of media and collaborative experiences. Still, with the capacity of modern information technology, there is much more that can be done to promote dynamic learning.
        M．5. The world is much more open, and events abroad affect the lives of Americans more than ever before. This makes it essential that the educational experience breed cosmopolitanism ( 国际化)—that students have international experiences, and classes in the social sciences draw on examples from around the world. It seems logical, too, that more in the way of language study be expected of students. I am not so sure.
        There is no fixed way of effective learning because, people are collections of modules rather than rational calculating machines.
A．A paradox (悖论) of American higher education is this: The expectations of leading universities do much to define what secondary schools teach, and much to establish a sample for what it means to be an educated man or woman. College campuses are seen as the source for the newest thinking and for the generation of new ideas, as society's cutting edge.
B．        B． And the world is changing very rapidly. Think social networking or stem cells. Most companies look nothing like they did 50 years ago. Think General Motors, AT&T or Goldman Sachs.
C．        C． Yet undergraduate education changes remarkably little over time. My predecessor as Harvard President, Derek Bok, famously compared the difficulty of reforming a curriculum with the difficulty of moving a cemetery (公墓). With few exceptions, just as in the middle of the 20th century, students take four courses a term, each meeting for about three hours a week, usually with a teacher standing in front of the room. Students are evaluated on the basis of examination essays handwritten in blue books and relatively short research papers. Instructors are organized into departments, most of whichbear the same names they did when the grandparents of today's students were undergraduates. A vastmajority of students still major in one or two disciplines centered on a particular department.
D．        D． It may be that inertia (惯性) is appropriate. Part of universities' function is to keep alive man'sgreatest creations, passing them from generation to generation. Certainly anyone urging reform doeswell to remember that in higher education the United States remains an example to the world, and thatAmerican universities compete for foreign students more successfully than almost any other Americanindustry competes for foreign customers.
E．        E． Nonetheless, it is interesting to speculate: Suppose the educational system is drastically altered torefleot the structure of society and what we now understand about how people learn. How will whatuniversities teach be different? Here are some guesses and hopes.
F．        F．1. Education will be more about how to process and use information and less about instructing it. Thisis a consequence of both the explosion of knowledge--and how much of it any student can truly absorb--and changes in technology. Before the printing press, scholars might have had to memorize The Canterbury Tales to have continuing access to them. This seems a bit ridiculous to us today. Bu tin a world where the entire Library of Congress will soon be accessible on a mobile device with search procedures that are vastly better than any card catalog, factual mastery will become less and less important.
G．        G．2. An inevitable consequence of the knowledge explosion is that tasks will be carried out with far more collaboration. As just one example, the fraction of economics papers that are co-authored has more than doubled in the 30 years that I have been an economist. More significant, collaboration is a much greater par,. of what workers do, what businesses do and what governments do. Yet the great superiority of work a student does is done alone at every level in the educational system. Indeed, excessive collaboration with others goes by the name of cheating.
H．        H． For most people, school is the last time they will be evaluated on indivividual effort. One leading investment bank has a hiring process in which a candidate must interview with upward of 60 senior members of the firm before receiving an offer. What is the most important specialty they're looking for? Not GMAT scores or college transcripts ( 成绩单), but the ability to work with others. As greater value is placed on collaboration, surely it should be practiced more in our nation's classrooms.
I．        I．3. New technologies will profoundly alter the way knowledge is conveyed. Electronic readers allow textbooks to be constantly revised, and to mix audio and visual effects. Think of a music text in which you can hear pieces of music as you read, or a history text in which you can see film clips about what you are reading. But there are more profound changes set in train. There was a time when professors had to prepare materials for their students. Then it became clear that it would be a better system if textbooks were written by just a few of the most able: faculty members would be freed up and materials would be improved, as competition drove up textbook quality.
J．        J． Similarly, it makes sense for students to watch video of the clearest math teacher or the most distinct analyst of the Revolutionary War rather than having thousands of separate efforts. Professors will have more time for direct discussion with students--not to mention the cost savings--and material will be better presented. In a 2008 survey of first-and second-year medical students at Harvard, those who used accelerated video lectures reported being more focused and learning more material faster than when they attended lectures in person.
K．        K
L．．
M．4. As articulated ted (明确有力地表达) by the Nobel Prize-winner Daniel Kahneman in "Thinking, Fast and Slow," we understand the processes of humaa thought much better than we once did. We are not rational calculating machines but collections of modules, each programmed to be skillful at a particular set of tasks. Not everyone learns most effectively in the same way. And yet in the face of all evidence, we rely almost entirely on passive learning. Students listen to lectures or they read and then are evaluated on the basis of their ability to demonstrate content mastery. They aren't asked to actively use the knowledge they are acquiring.
N．        L． "Active learning classrooms"—which gather students at tables, with furniture that can be rearranged and integrated technology—help professors interact with their students through the use of media and collaborative experiences. Still, with the capacity of modern information technology, there is much more that can be done to promote dynamic learning.
O．        M． 5. The world is much more open, and events abroad affect the lives of Americans more than ever before. This makes it essential that the educational experience breed cosmopolitanism ( 国际化)—that students have international experiences, and classes in the social sciences draw on examples from around the world. It seems logical, too, that more in the way of language study be expected of students. I am not so sure.

4、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Robot Management
A. Robots have been the stuff of science fiction for so long that it is surprisingly hard to see them as the stuff of management fact. A Czech playwright, Karel Capek, gave them their name in 1920 (from the Slavonic word for "work" ). An American writer, Isaac Asimov, confronted them with their most memorable dilemmas.
Hollywood turned them into superheroes and supervillains. When some film critics drew up lists of Hollywood's 50 greatest good guys and 50 greatest baddies, the only character to appear on both lists was a robot, the Terminator.
B． It is time for management thinkers to catch up with science-fiction writers. Robots have been doing auxiliary jobs on production lines since the 1960s. The world already has more than lm industrial robots. There is now an acceleration in the rates at which they are becoming both cleverer and cheaper: an explosive combination.
Robots are learning to interact with the world around them. Their ability to see things is getting ever closer to that of humans, as is their capacity to ingest information and act on it. Tomorrow's robots will increasingly take on delicate, complex tasks. And instead of being imprisoned in cages to stop them colliding with people, they will be free to wander.
C． America's armed forces have blazed a trail here. They now have no fewer than 12,000 robots serving in their ranks. Peter Singer, of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank (智囊团), says mankind's 5,000-year monopoly on the fighting of war is breaking down. Recent additions to the battlefield include tiny "insects" that perform reconnaissance (侦查) missions and giant "dogs" to terrify enemies. The Pentagon is also working on the EATR, a robot that fuels itself by eating whatever biomass (生物量) it finds around it.
D． But the civilian world cannot be far behind. Who better to clean sewers or suck up nuclear waste than these remarkable machines? The Japanese have made surprisingly little use of robots to clear up after the recent earthquake, given their world leadership in this area. They say that they had the wrong sort of robots in the wrong places. But they have issued a global call for robotic assistance and are likely to put more robots to work shortly.
E. As robots advance into the service industries they are starting to look less like machines and more like living creatures. The Paro (made by AIST, a Japanese research agency) is shaped like a baby seal and responds to attention. Honda's robot, ASIMO, is humanoid and can walk, talk and respond to commands.
F.Until now executives have largely ignored robots, regarding them as an engineering rather than a management problem. This cannot go on: robots are becoming too powerful and ubiquitous (无处不在的). Companies may need to rethink their strategies as they gain access to these new sorts of workers. Do they really need to outsource production to China, for example, when they have clever machines that work ceaselessly without pay? They certainly need to rethink their human-resources policies--starting by questioning whether they should have departments devoted to purely human resources.
G.The first issue is how to manage the robots themselves. Asimov laid down the basic rule in 1942: no robot should harm a human. This rule has been reinforced by recent technological improvements: robots are now much more sensitive to their surroundings and can be instructed to avoid hitting people. But the Pentagon's plans make all this a bit more complicated: many of its robots will be, in essence, killing machines.
H. A second question is how to manage the homo side of homo-robo relations. Workers have always worried that new technologies will take away their livelihoods, ever since the original Luddites' fears about mechanised looms. That worry takes on a particularly intense form when the machines come with a human face: Capek's play that gave robots their name depicted a world in which they initially brought lots of benefits but eventually led to mass unemployment and discontent. Now, the arrival of increasingly humanoid automatons in workplaces, in an era of high unemployment, is bound to provoke a reaction.
I.So, companies will need to work hard to persuade workers that robots are productivity-enhancers, not just job- eating aliens. They need to show employees that the robot sitting alongside them can be more of a helpmate than a threat. Audi has been particularly successful in introducing industrial robots because the carmaker asked workers to identify areas where robots could improve performance and then gave those workers jobs overseeing the robots. Employers also need to explain that robots can help preserve manufacturing jobs in the rich world: one reason why Germany has lost fewer such jobs than Britain is that it has five times as many robots for every 10,000 workers.
J.These two principles--don't let robots hurt or frighten people--are relatively simple. Robot scientists are tackling more complicated problems as robots become more sophisticated. They are keen to avoid hierarchies (层级) among rescue-robots (because the loss of the leader would render the rest redundant). So they are using game theory to make sure the robots can communicate with each other in egalitarian (平等) ways. They are keen to avoid duplication between robots and their human handlers. So they are producing more complicated mathematical formulae in order that robots can constantly adjust themselves to human intentions.
This suggests that the world could be on the verge of a great management revolution: making robots behave like humans rather than the 20th century's preferred option, making humans behave like robots.
Tomorrow's robots will be free to move around rather than being locked up in cages so as not to hurt people.


5、根据材料，回答问题。
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A．The use of oversized freight containers.
B．Safety problems with railroad tracks.
C．The growth of the automotive industry.
D．The high cost of meeting environmental regulations.


简答题
6、在如今的信息化时代，网络团购(On | i Re group-buy i ng)作为一种新的销售方式，以其价格便宜、形式新颖灵活，深受年轻人以及时尚人士的追捧。截止到201 1年7月，全国团购网站已经超过5000家。但是。消费者在享受网络团购带来的实惠时也出现了一些问题，如假冒产品、服务缩水、价格欺诈等现象。据消费者协会调查，近期接到的有关网络团购的投诉呈上升趋势。消费者们在购物时应保持清醒的头脑。


7、位于中国西南部云南省的丽江古城是中国保存完整、具民族特色的古城镇之一，同时也是享誉中外的旅游文化名城。丽江地处云南、四川、西藏三省交汇处。公路四通八达(extendi ng i n a|d i rect i ons)。丽江有多个汽车客运站，公路交通极为方便。游客在丽江古城闲逛，步行即可。当然也可乘坐出租车，起步价7元，每公里加价1．8元。如果在旅游旺季前往丽江旅行，一定要在出发前预定好房间。


8、You shouM write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use ofDisposable Plastic Bags．
写作导航
1．一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用；
2．使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题；
3．限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义


9、You shouM write a short essay based on thefo#owing question．
Suppose you are going to prepare a gift for your mother’s birthday．What gift would you like to choose and why?
写作导航
1．指出的生日礼物应该来自于孩子。
2．从母亲无私的爱和母亲的期望出发阐述该观点的原因，即母亲的幸福和快乐源自于孩子，
3．进行总结，指出孩子应该长大，学会承担责任。


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