2015年英语四级考试每日一练(8月6日)
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单项选择题
1、Questions are based on the following passage.
Eating a Mediterranean-style diet--packed with fruits，vegetables，legumes（豆类．，nuts，olive oil and丘sh—is good for your heart.many studies have found.Now scientists are suggesting the diet may be goodfor your mental health，to0.
A study of over l0，000 Spaniards followed for almost four and half years on average found that thosewho reported eating a healthy Mediterranean diet at the beginning of the study were about half as likelyto develop depression than those who said they did not stick to the diet.
All of the participants were free of depression when they were recruited to the study，and each filledout a l36-item food frequency questionnaire when they joined.Based on their serf-reported dietary habits，they were assigned a score between o and 9，with the highest score reflecting the closest sticking to aMediterranean diet.
Over time，those who had scored between 5 and 9on the Mediterranean diet were 42 percent to51
percent less likely to develop depression，the study found，than those who scored between o and 2.
ne study does not prove a cause—and-effect relationship between the Mediterranean diet and a lowerrisk for depression，only an association between the tw0.Still，many scientists are convinced that somedamaging processes involved in cardiovascular（心脏血管的．disease may also play a role in mental health.“Both cardiovascular disease and depression share conunon mechanisms，”said Dr.Miguel AngelMartinez.Gonzalez，professor of preventive medicine at University of Navarra in Pamplona,Spam，and seniorauthor of the paper，published in the October issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
?
“ne m醐曲帆L懈（细胞膜．of our nerve cell are composed of fat，so the quality of fat that you areeating definitely has all influence on the quality of the neuron membranes，and the body’s combination ofneurotrausmitters is dependent on the vitamins you’re eatin9.”Dr.Martinez.Gonzalez added． “We thinkthose least sticking to the Mediterranean dietary plan have a deficiency of essential nutrients.’’
The elements of the diet most closely linked to a lower risk of depression were fruits.nuts and
legumes，the study found.
Scientists have proved that a Mediterranean-style diet.
A．helps develop a healthy heart
B．results in a healthy mind
C．is popular among Spaniards
D．contains little fat
2、Questions are based on the following passage．
It’s the first question parents ask when their child is diagnosed with autism(自闭症)．Will his future brothers or sisters have a higher risk of 36 it，too?
According to the largest study of siblings(兄弟姐妹)in families with autism，the answer is yes．Among 664 children who had at least one older sibling with the developmental disorder，the 37 risk of autism was nearly 19％ 38 higher than previous sibling-recurrence estimates"that were anywhere from 3％ to 10％．Kids with more than one older autistic sibling had an even higher risk of the disorder:32％．
The 39 suggest that genes play a key role in autism risk．But they also hint that other environmental factors 40 by siblings，like influences in the womb(子宫)，may be important as well．
On the 41 of the findings，the researchers recommend that doctors closely 42 younger siblings of autistic children to pick up any early signs of the disorder, 43 an unusually large head or delayed language development and communication skills．Evidence suggests that early 44 and diagnos is of autism can help children take advantage of the rapies that can treat some of its 45 ．
A．average
B．basis
C．common
D．consequently
E．detection
F．developing
G．distributed
H．dramatically
I．including
J．monitor
K．reason
L．results
M．shared
N．symbols
O．symptoms
第(36)题应填__________
3、听录音，回答题
A．To make a business report to the woman.
B．To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.
C．To resign from his position in the woman's company.
D．To exchange stock market information with the woman.
4、听录音，回答题
A．Monitor students' sleep patterns.
B．Help students concentrate in class.
C．Record students' weekly performance.
D．Ask students to complete a sleep report.
5、
Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
A) In order to understand ancient Egyptian art, it is vital to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians' view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them. Without this knowledge we can appreciate only the formal content of Egyptian art, and we will fail to understand why it was produced or the concepts that shaped it and caused it to adopt its distinctive forms.
B ) In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary? Why do the artists seem to get left and right confused? And why did they not discover the geometric perspective as European artists did in the Renaissance? The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art.
C) The majority of three-dimensional representations, whether standing, seated, or kneeling, exhibit what is called frontality: they face straight ahead, neither twisting nor turning. When such statues are viewed in isolation, out of their original context and without knowledge of their function, it is easy to criticize them for their rigid attitudes that remained unchanged for three thousand years. Frontality is, however, directly related to the functions of Egyptian statuary and the contexts in which the statues were set up. Statues were created not for their decorative effect but to play a primary role in the cults of the gods, the king, and the dead. They were designed to be put in places where these beings could manifest themselves in order to be the recipients of ritual actions. Thus it made sense to show the statue looking ahead at what was happening in front of it, so that the living performer of the ritual could interact with the divine or deceased recipient.
D) Very often such statues were enclosed in rectangular shrines or wall niches whose only opening was at the front, making it natural for the statue to display frontality. Other statues were designed to be placed within an architectural setting, for instance, in front of the monumental entrance gateways to temples known as pylons, or in pillared courts, where they would be placed against or between pillars: their frontality worked perfectly within the architectural context.
E) Statues were normally made of stone, wood, or metal. Stone statues were worked from single rectangular blocks of material and retained the compactness of the original shape.. The stone between the arms and the body and between the legs in standing figures or the legs and the seat in seated ones was not normally cut away. From a practical aspect this protected the figures against breakage and psycho- logically gives the images a sense of strength and power, usually enhanced by a supporting back pillar. By contrast, wooden statues were carved from several pieces of wood that were pegged together to form the finished work, and metal statues were either made by wrapping sheet metal around a
wooden core or cast by the lost wax process.
F) The arms could be held away from the body and carry separate items in their hands; there is no back pillar. The effect is altogether lighter and freer than that achieved in stone, but because both perform the same function, formal wooden and metal statues still display frontality.
G) Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the non-elite population. The function of these is quite different. Many are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife. Unlike formal statues that are limited to static poses of standing, sitting, and kneeling, these figures depict a wide range of actions, such as grinding grain, baking bread, producing pots, and making music, and they are shown in appropriate poses, bending and squatting as they carry out their tasks.
H) It is suggested that one choose something to read about the archaeology before he goes to carry on the research. It is interesting that many try to understand the old things in their own perspective. One tends to consider that the big bowl is for the ancient male and the small one for the female because that is basically the case in the world now. However, in most of the ancient time, female individuals use the bigger one instead of their husbands because there used to be a period--or there is in some remote are-as-when the mother enjoys a greater respect over the father. That is very different from today's situation.
I) No one is sure of the reason for setting the statues into the tomb. The first group thinks that the servants taking the forms of the statues would still be with those who died there, in the afterlife. There come the same cases in other Asian countries including China, Japan and India. And there may be something more horrific. In the ancient China, nobles seldom died lonely since shortly after their death, their emperors would choose some children to follow them. And this is said to set up a group of servants who would make service for the dead. However, the second group counters this opinion by saying that this may be a way to reserve the love from the living family members and from other friends. When laid in the tomb, the servants could represent those who love the dead and still be with them.
Without certain knowledge we will fail to understand why the sculpture was produced.
6、听录音,回答题
A．Cats and humans are similar creatures.
B．Cat naps can get rid of tiredness.
C．Cat naps can make people's moods better.
D．Cat napping is a way to build up body's energy.
7、听录音,回答题
A． Family debts.
B． Bank savings.
C． Monthly bills.
D． Spending habits.
简答题
8、中华民族是由五十六个民族(nationalities)组成的大家庭。从遥远的古代起，我国各族人民就建立起了紧密的政治经济文化联系，并共同开发了祖国的大好河山，两千多年前就形成了幅员广阔的统一国家。悠久的中国文化，成为维系民族团结和国家统一的牢固纽带。团结统一，深深印在了中国人的民族意识中。
9、 剪纸(paper cutting)是中国为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期(the Ming and OingDynasties)特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
10、You should write a short essay entitled No to Pirated Products.
写作导航
1.盗版现象如今十分突出：
2．之所以会出现盗版的原因以及会造成的问题；
3．提出自己的想法。
1、Questions are based on the following passage.
Eating a Mediterranean-style diet--packed with fruits，vegetables，legumes（豆类．，nuts，olive oil and丘sh—is good for your heart.many studies have found.Now scientists are suggesting the diet may be goodfor your mental health，to0.
A study of over l0，000 Spaniards followed for almost four and half years on average found that thosewho reported eating a healthy Mediterranean diet at the beginning of the study were about half as likelyto develop depression than those who said they did not stick to the diet.
All of the participants were free of depression when they were recruited to the study，and each filledout a l36-item food frequency questionnaire when they joined.Based on their serf-reported dietary habits，they were assigned a score between o and 9，with the highest score reflecting the closest sticking to aMediterranean diet.
Over time，those who had scored between 5 and 9on the Mediterranean diet were 42 percent to51
percent less likely to develop depression，the study found，than those who scored between o and 2.
ne study does not prove a cause—and-effect relationship between the Mediterranean diet and a lowerrisk for depression，only an association between the tw0.Still，many scientists are convinced that somedamaging processes involved in cardiovascular（心脏血管的．disease may also play a role in mental health.“Both cardiovascular disease and depression share conunon mechanisms，”said Dr.Miguel AngelMartinez.Gonzalez，professor of preventive medicine at University of Navarra in Pamplona,Spam，and seniorauthor of the paper，published in the October issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
?
“ne m醐曲帆L懈（细胞膜．of our nerve cell are composed of fat，so the quality of fat that you areeating definitely has all influence on the quality of the neuron membranes，and the body’s combination ofneurotrausmitters is dependent on the vitamins you’re eatin9.”Dr.Martinez.Gonzalez added． “We thinkthose least sticking to the Mediterranean dietary plan have a deficiency of essential nutrients.’’
The elements of the diet most closely linked to a lower risk of depression were fruits.nuts and
legumes，the study found.
Scientists have proved that a Mediterranean-style diet.
A．helps develop a healthy heart
B．results in a healthy mind
C．is popular among Spaniards
D．contains little fat
2、Questions are based on the following passage．
It’s the first question parents ask when their child is diagnosed with autism(自闭症)．Will his future brothers or sisters have a higher risk of 36 it，too?
According to the largest study of siblings(兄弟姐妹)in families with autism，the answer is yes．Among 664 children who had at least one older sibling with the developmental disorder，the 37 risk of autism was nearly 19％ 38 higher than previous sibling-recurrence estimates"that were anywhere from 3％ to 10％．Kids with more than one older autistic sibling had an even higher risk of the disorder:32％．
The 39 suggest that genes play a key role in autism risk．But they also hint that other environmental factors 40 by siblings，like influences in the womb(子宫)，may be important as well．
On the 41 of the findings，the researchers recommend that doctors closely 42 younger siblings of autistic children to pick up any early signs of the disorder, 43 an unusually large head or delayed language development and communication skills．Evidence suggests that early 44 and diagnos is of autism can help children take advantage of the rapies that can treat some of its 45 ．
A．average
B．basis
C．common
D．consequently
E．detection
F．developing
G．distributed
H．dramatically
I．including
J．monitor
K．reason
L．results
M．shared
N．symbols
O．symptoms
第(36)题应填__________
3、听录音，回答题
A．To make a business report to the woman.
B．To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.
C．To resign from his position in the woman's company.
D．To exchange stock market information with the woman.
4、听录音，回答题
A．Monitor students' sleep patterns.
B．Help students concentrate in class.
C．Record students' weekly performance.
D．Ask students to complete a sleep report.
5、
Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
A) In order to understand ancient Egyptian art, it is vital to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians' view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them. Without this knowledge we can appreciate only the formal content of Egyptian art, and we will fail to understand why it was produced or the concepts that shaped it and caused it to adopt its distinctive forms.
B ) In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary? Why do the artists seem to get left and right confused? And why did they not discover the geometric perspective as European artists did in the Renaissance? The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art.
C) The majority of three-dimensional representations, whether standing, seated, or kneeling, exhibit what is called frontality: they face straight ahead, neither twisting nor turning. When such statues are viewed in isolation, out of their original context and without knowledge of their function, it is easy to criticize them for their rigid attitudes that remained unchanged for three thousand years. Frontality is, however, directly related to the functions of Egyptian statuary and the contexts in which the statues were set up. Statues were created not for their decorative effect but to play a primary role in the cults of the gods, the king, and the dead. They were designed to be put in places where these beings could manifest themselves in order to be the recipients of ritual actions. Thus it made sense to show the statue looking ahead at what was happening in front of it, so that the living performer of the ritual could interact with the divine or deceased recipient.
D) Very often such statues were enclosed in rectangular shrines or wall niches whose only opening was at the front, making it natural for the statue to display frontality. Other statues were designed to be placed within an architectural setting, for instance, in front of the monumental entrance gateways to temples known as pylons, or in pillared courts, where they would be placed against or between pillars: their frontality worked perfectly within the architectural context.
E) Statues were normally made of stone, wood, or metal. Stone statues were worked from single rectangular blocks of material and retained the compactness of the original shape.. The stone between the arms and the body and between the legs in standing figures or the legs and the seat in seated ones was not normally cut away. From a practical aspect this protected the figures against breakage and psycho- logically gives the images a sense of strength and power, usually enhanced by a supporting back pillar. By contrast, wooden statues were carved from several pieces of wood that were pegged together to form the finished work, and metal statues were either made by wrapping sheet metal around a
wooden core or cast by the lost wax process.
F) The arms could be held away from the body and carry separate items in their hands; there is no back pillar. The effect is altogether lighter and freer than that achieved in stone, but because both perform the same function, formal wooden and metal statues still display frontality.
G) Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the non-elite population. The function of these is quite different. Many are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife. Unlike formal statues that are limited to static poses of standing, sitting, and kneeling, these figures depict a wide range of actions, such as grinding grain, baking bread, producing pots, and making music, and they are shown in appropriate poses, bending and squatting as they carry out their tasks.
H) It is suggested that one choose something to read about the archaeology before he goes to carry on the research. It is interesting that many try to understand the old things in their own perspective. One tends to consider that the big bowl is for the ancient male and the small one for the female because that is basically the case in the world now. However, in most of the ancient time, female individuals use the bigger one instead of their husbands because there used to be a period--or there is in some remote are-as-when the mother enjoys a greater respect over the father. That is very different from today's situation.
I) No one is sure of the reason for setting the statues into the tomb. The first group thinks that the servants taking the forms of the statues would still be with those who died there, in the afterlife. There come the same cases in other Asian countries including China, Japan and India. And there may be something more horrific. In the ancient China, nobles seldom died lonely since shortly after their death, their emperors would choose some children to follow them. And this is said to set up a group of servants who would make service for the dead. However, the second group counters this opinion by saying that this may be a way to reserve the love from the living family members and from other friends. When laid in the tomb, the servants could represent those who love the dead and still be with them.
Without certain knowledge we will fail to understand why the sculpture was produced.
6、听录音,回答题
A．Cats and humans are similar creatures.
B．Cat naps can get rid of tiredness.
C．Cat naps can make people's moods better.
D．Cat napping is a way to build up body's energy.
7、听录音,回答题
A． Family debts.
B． Bank savings.
C． Monthly bills.
D． Spending habits.
简答题
8、中华民族是由五十六个民族(nationalities)组成的大家庭。从遥远的古代起，我国各族人民就建立起了紧密的政治经济文化联系，并共同开发了祖国的大好河山，两千多年前就形成了幅员广阔的统一国家。悠久的中国文化，成为维系民族团结和国家统一的牢固纽带。团结统一，深深印在了中国人的民族意识中。
9、 剪纸(paper cutting)是中国为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期(the Ming and OingDynasties)特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
10、You should write a short essay entitled No to Pirated Products.
写作导航
1.盗版现象如今十分突出：
2．之所以会出现盗版的原因以及会造成的问题；
3．提出自己的想法。
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