2015年英语四级考试每日一练(8月10日)
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单项选择题
1、Questions are based on the following passage．
Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity．It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the___36_____risk of injury．The human body is designed to wall．You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood．To get___37_____benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week．
Strength training is another important___38_____of ．physical activity．Its purpose is to build and____39____ bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age．In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, ___40_____recovery days between sessions．
Finally, flexibility and balance training are___41_____important as the body ages．Aches and pains, are high on the list of complaints in old age．The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are___42_____, and simple flexibility training can____43____these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑)．Some of this you do whenever you stretch．If you watch dogs and cats, you'll get an idea of how natural it is．The general ___44_____is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to ___45_____stretch it in an opposite position．
A．allowing
B．avoidable
C．briefly
D．component
E．determined
F．helping
G．increasingly
H．lowest
I．maintain
J．maximum
K．prevent
L．principle
M．provoke
N．seriously
O．topic
第(36)题应填__________
2、听录音,
回答题
A． Go to a place he has visited．
B． Makeherownarrangemenm．
C． Consult a travel agent．
D． Join in a package tour．
3、听录音,
回答题
A．He likes biology enough to continue with it.
B．His grades in science courses are very good.
C．He hasn't taken enough courses in biology.
D．He doesn't want to take any more science courses.
4、根据材料，回答问题。
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South ( 发展中国家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.
But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.
In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientistsand technicians to return to Latin America.
In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate ( 移居国外的 ) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain (人才流失) fromthese countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.
Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?
A．The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.
B．The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.
C．Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.
D．The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.
5、Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．He has a lot of free time.
B．Many of his friends are actors.
C．She knows he likes acting.
D．He's looking for an acting job.
6、根据以下资料，回答题：
Passage One
Quesaons 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage．
The vast glaciers of western Antarctica are rapidly melting and losing ice to the sea and almost certainly have“passed the point of no return，”according to new work by two separate teams of scientists．
The likely result：a rise in global sea levels of 4 feet or more in the coming centuries，says research made public Monday by scientists at the University of Washington，the University of California-Irvine and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“It really is an amazingly distressing situation，”says Pennsylvania State University glaciologist(冰川学家)Sridhar Anandakrishnan，who was not affiliated with either study．“This is a huge part of West Antarctica．and it seems to have been kicked over the edge．”
The researchers say the fate of the glaciers is almost certainly beyond hope．
One study shows that a river of ice called Thwaites Glacier is probably in the early stages of collapse．Total collapse is almost inevitable．the study shows．
A second study shows that a halfdozen glaciers are pouring ice into the sea at an ever-greater pace．That will trigger 4 feet of sea-level rise，says study author Eric Rignot，a glaciologist at the University of Califomia-Irvine，and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“The retreat of ice in that area is unstoppable，”Rignot said at a briefing Monday,adding that the glaciers have“passed the point of no return．”
Rignot and his team used data from satellites and aircraft to map changes in six West Antarctic glaciers and the terrain underlying these massive ice floes(浮冰)．The data show the glaciers are stretching out，thinning and shrinking in volume．They’re A．so flowing faster from the continent’s interior to the sea，dumping larger quantities of ice into the ocean than before and thereby raising sea levels．
At the same time，the portion of each glacier projecting into the sea is being melted from below by warm ocean water．That leads to a vicious cycle of more thinning and faster flow,and the local Terrain offers no barrier to the glaciers’retreat，the researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geophysical Research Leaers．
A report in this week’s Science says the Thwaites Glacier will collapse．perhaps in 200 years．The paper doesn’t specify the amount of sea-level rise associated with nlwaites’demise．
Who contributed to the Monday research?
A．The two separate teams of scientists．
B．Scientists at the University of Washington，of California．Irvine and NASA's Lab．
C．Scientists at Pennsylvania State University．
D．Several glaciologists．
7、 Passage Two
Questions are based on the following passage．
Real．time web search—-which scours only the latest updates to services like Twitter—is currently generating quite a buzz because it can provide a glimpse of what people around the world are thinking or doing at any given moment．Interest in this kind of search is so great that，according to recent leaks，Google is considering buying Twitter．
The latest research from the interact search giant，though，suggests that real—time results could be even more powerful—they may reveal the future as well as the present．
Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel and home sales．The result? Better forecasts in A．most every case．It works because searches reveal something about people’s intentions．Google has demonstrated before that search data can predict flu outbreaks，and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model that forecasts lending to the private sector by 15% using Google search data．
But real-time results could have even more predictive power：knowing what people are actually doing，not just thinking，at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences．
Johan Bollen of Losalamos National Laboratory and alberto Pepe of the University of California，Los Angeles，applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10，000 Future Me emails sent in 2006 to gauge people’s hopes，fears and predictions for the future．They found that emails directed at 2007 to 2012 were significantly more depressed in tone than messages aimed at the subsequent six years．Could they have predicted the world’s current economic slump?
Without more data，that is no more than an intriguing possibility．So Bollen plans to look at more Future Me emails，as well as Twitter messages，to search for mood swings that foreshadow other economic changes．If he finds any such links．the sanle sources might be used to try and predict future economic fluctuations．
So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting? We’ll have to wait and see——or perhaps do a quick web search．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
What is real-time web search．1ike Twitter?
A．It tells us what people did in past days．
B．It generates quite a buzz in recent days．
C．It provides latest news about everything．
D．It informs what people do in the future．
8、听音频：
回答题：
问题
A．See a doctor about her strained shoulder．
B．Use a ladder to help her reach the tea．
C．Replace the cupboard With a new one．
D．Place the tea on a lower shelf next time．
简答题
9、听录音，回答题
It’s well known that big animals，lil
What’s more，insects are arguably more important than large mammals，（30）——speakin9.While severalthousand polar bears wander the arctic，untold billions of insects live in virtually everywhere on Earth.And they’re（31）——in every ecosystem.For example，many of the world’s crops and other plants relyon insects for pollination（授粉．.In forests，insects help break down dead trees and prepare the soil fornew growth.And there are the animals，like birds，that（32）insects.
So how exactly will global warming affect insects?We don’t really know.Some may go extinct.Otherscould migrate to cooler regions and（33）——native insect species there.And this could have all sortsof important implications for crops and entire ecosystems.
m试we do’know is that because insects can’t（34）——their body temperature to the same degreeas.mammals，they’re particularly sensitive to climate change.It’s hard to（35）——what will happen toinsects as the Earth warms.But it looks like we’re about to find out.
第(26)题__________
10、听录音，回答题
For Americans, time is money．They say, "You only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The future will not be better than the past or present, as Americans are (26) __________to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activities． Thus, Americans(27) __________a "well-organized" person, one who has a written list of things to do and a(28) __________for doing them．The ideal person is punctual and (29) __________other peo-ple's time． They do not waste people's time with conversation or other activity that has no(30) __________, beneficial outcome.
The American attitude toward time is not (31) _________ shared by others, especially non-Eu-ropeans．They are more likely to (32) __________ something that is simply there around them, notsomething they can use．One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the States isthe (33) __________ that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.
In this context the fast food industry can (34) __________ a clear example of an American cul-tural product．McDonald's, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country wheremany people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals．As McDonald's restau-rants spread around the world, they have been viewed as (35) __________of American society andculture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.
第(26)题__________
1、Questions are based on the following passage．
Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity．It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the___36_____risk of injury．The human body is designed to wall．You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood．To get___37_____benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week．
Strength training is another important___38_____of ．physical activity．Its purpose is to build and____39____ bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age．In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, ___40_____recovery days between sessions．
Finally, flexibility and balance training are___41_____important as the body ages．Aches and pains, are high on the list of complaints in old age．The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are___42_____, and simple flexibility training can____43____these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑)．Some of this you do whenever you stretch．If you watch dogs and cats, you'll get an idea of how natural it is．The general ___44_____is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to ___45_____stretch it in an opposite position．
A．allowing
B．avoidable
C．briefly
D．component
E．determined
F．helping
G．increasingly
H．lowest
I．maintain
J．maximum
K．prevent
L．principle
M．provoke
N．seriously
O．topic
第(36)题应填__________
2、听录音,
回答题
A． Go to a place he has visited．
B． Makeherownarrangemenm．
C． Consult a travel agent．
D． Join in a package tour．
3、听录音,
回答题
A．He likes biology enough to continue with it.
B．His grades in science courses are very good.
C．He hasn't taken enough courses in biology.
D．He doesn't want to take any more science courses.
4、根据材料，回答问题。
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South ( 发展中国家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.
But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.
In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientistsand technicians to return to Latin America.
In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate ( 移居国外的 ) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain (人才流失) fromthese countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.
Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?
A．The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.
B．The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.
C．Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.
D．The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.
5、Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．He has a lot of free time.
B．Many of his friends are actors.
C．She knows he likes acting.
D．He's looking for an acting job.
6、根据以下资料，回答题：
Passage One
Quesaons 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage．
The vast glaciers of western Antarctica are rapidly melting and losing ice to the sea and almost certainly have“passed the point of no return，”according to new work by two separate teams of scientists．
The likely result：a rise in global sea levels of 4 feet or more in the coming centuries，says research made public Monday by scientists at the University of Washington，the University of California-Irvine and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“It really is an amazingly distressing situation，”says Pennsylvania State University glaciologist(冰川学家)Sridhar Anandakrishnan，who was not affiliated with either study．“This is a huge part of West Antarctica．and it seems to have been kicked over the edge．”
The researchers say the fate of the glaciers is almost certainly beyond hope．
One study shows that a river of ice called Thwaites Glacier is probably in the early stages of collapse．Total collapse is almost inevitable．the study shows．
A second study shows that a halfdozen glaciers are pouring ice into the sea at an ever-greater pace．That will trigger 4 feet of sea-level rise，says study author Eric Rignot，a glaciologist at the University of Califomia-Irvine，and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“The retreat of ice in that area is unstoppable，”Rignot said at a briefing Monday,adding that the glaciers have“passed the point of no return．”
Rignot and his team used data from satellites and aircraft to map changes in six West Antarctic glaciers and the terrain underlying these massive ice floes(浮冰)．The data show the glaciers are stretching out，thinning and shrinking in volume．They’re A．so flowing faster from the continent’s interior to the sea，dumping larger quantities of ice into the ocean than before and thereby raising sea levels．
At the same time，the portion of each glacier projecting into the sea is being melted from below by warm ocean water．That leads to a vicious cycle of more thinning and faster flow,and the local Terrain offers no barrier to the glaciers’retreat，the researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geophysical Research Leaers．
A report in this week’s Science says the Thwaites Glacier will collapse．perhaps in 200 years．The paper doesn’t specify the amount of sea-level rise associated with nlwaites’demise．
Who contributed to the Monday research?
A．The two separate teams of scientists．
B．Scientists at the University of Washington，of California．Irvine and NASA's Lab．
C．Scientists at Pennsylvania State University．
D．Several glaciologists．
7、 Passage Two
Questions are based on the following passage．
Real．time web search—-which scours only the latest updates to services like Twitter—is currently generating quite a buzz because it can provide a glimpse of what people around the world are thinking or doing at any given moment．Interest in this kind of search is so great that，according to recent leaks，Google is considering buying Twitter．
The latest research from the interact search giant，though，suggests that real—time results could be even more powerful—they may reveal the future as well as the present．
Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel and home sales．The result? Better forecasts in A．most every case．It works because searches reveal something about people’s intentions．Google has demonstrated before that search data can predict flu outbreaks，and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model that forecasts lending to the private sector by 15% using Google search data．
But real-time results could have even more predictive power：knowing what people are actually doing，not just thinking，at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences．
Johan Bollen of Losalamos National Laboratory and alberto Pepe of the University of California，Los Angeles，applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10，000 Future Me emails sent in 2006 to gauge people’s hopes，fears and predictions for the future．They found that emails directed at 2007 to 2012 were significantly more depressed in tone than messages aimed at the subsequent six years．Could they have predicted the world’s current economic slump?
Without more data，that is no more than an intriguing possibility．So Bollen plans to look at more Future Me emails，as well as Twitter messages，to search for mood swings that foreshadow other economic changes．If he finds any such links．the sanle sources might be used to try and predict future economic fluctuations．
So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting? We’ll have to wait and see——or perhaps do a quick web search．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
What is real-time web search．1ike Twitter?
A．It tells us what people did in past days．
B．It generates quite a buzz in recent days．
C．It provides latest news about everything．
D．It informs what people do in the future．
8、听音频：
点击播放
回答题：
问题
A．See a doctor about her strained shoulder．
B．Use a ladder to help her reach the tea．
C．Replace the cupboard With a new one．
D．Place the tea on a lower shelf next time．
简答题
9、听录音，回答题
It’s well known that big animals，lil
What’s more，insects are arguably more important than large mammals，（30）——speakin9.While severalthousand polar bears wander the arctic，untold billions of insects live in virtually everywhere on Earth.And they’re（31）——in every ecosystem.For example，many of the world’s crops and other plants relyon insects for pollination（授粉．.In forests，insects help break down dead trees and prepare the soil fornew growth.And there are the animals，like birds，that（32）insects.
So how exactly will global warming affect insects?We don’t really know.Some may go extinct.Otherscould migrate to cooler regions and（33）——native insect species there.And this could have all sortsof important implications for crops and entire ecosystems.
m试we do’know is that because insects can’t（34）——their body temperature to the same degreeas.mammals，they’re particularly sensitive to climate change.It’s hard to（35）——what will happen toinsects as the Earth warms.But it looks like we’re about to find out.
第(26)题__________
10、听录音，回答题
For Americans, time is money．They say, "You only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The future will not be better than the past or present, as Americans are (26) __________to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activities． Thus, Americans(27) __________a "well-organized" person, one who has a written list of things to do and a(28) __________for doing them．The ideal person is punctual and (29) __________other peo-ple's time． They do not waste people's time with conversation or other activity that has no(30) __________, beneficial outcome.
The American attitude toward time is not (31) _________ shared by others, especially non-Eu-ropeans．They are more likely to (32) __________ something that is simply there around them, notsomething they can use．One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the States isthe (33) __________ that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.
In this context the fast food industry can (34) __________ a clear example of an American cul-tural product．McDonald's, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country wheremany people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals．As McDonald's restau-rants spread around the world, they have been viewed as (35) __________of American society andculture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.
第(26)题__________
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