单项选择题
1、Questions are based on the following passage．
The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn't an either/or proposition (命题), although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths) -related fields can make it seem that way．
The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文科学) and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels．Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新的) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides．
Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs．Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most“practical” way out of the problem:“Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run．Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily．
Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers．The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible．The ability to draw upon every available tool and ．insight--picked up from science, arts, and technology--to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States．
What does the latest congressional report suggest?
A．STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society．
B．The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance．
C．The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life．
D．Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society．


2、Questions  are based on the following passage.
As an Alaskan fisherman, Timothy June,54, used to think that he was safe from industrial pollutants(污染物) at his home in Haines--a town with a population of 2,400 people and 4,000 eagles,with 8 million acres of protected wild land nearby. But in early 2007, June agreed to take part in a 36 of 35 Americans from seven states. It was a biomonitoring project, in which people's blood and ur/ne (尿) were tested for 37 of chemicals--in this case, three potentially dangerous classes of compounds found in common household 38 like face cream, tin cans, and shower curtains. The
results--39 in November in a report called"Is It in Us?" by an environmental group--were rather worrying. Every one of the participants,40 from an minois state senator to a Massachusetts minister, tested positive for all three classes of pollutants. And while the 41 presence of these chemicals does not 42 indicate a health risk, the fact that typical Americans carry these chemicals at all 43 June and his fellow participants.
Clearly, there are chemicals in our bodies that don't 44 there. A large, ongoing study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found 148 chemicals in Americans of all ages.
And in 2005, the Environmental Working Group found an 45 of 200 chemicals in the blood of 10 new-borns."Our babies are being born pre-polluted," says Sharyle Patton of Commonweal, which cosponsored "Is It in Us?This is going to be the next big environmental issue after climate change."
A． analyses 
B． average 
C． belong
D． demonstrated 
E．excess
F． extending
G． habitually
H． necessarily
I． products
J． ranging 
K． released
L． shocked
M． simple
N． survey
O． traces
第(36)题应填__________


3、听录音,回答题

A． It'll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.
B． It'll allow them to receive free medical treatment.
C． It'll protect them from possible financial crises.
D． It'll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.


4、
Water, Desert and Body
A) Rainfall is not completely absent, in desert areas, but it is highly variable. An annual rainfall of four inches is often used to define the limits of a desert. The impact of rainfall upon the surface water and groundwater resources of the desert is greatly influenced by landforms. Flats and depressions where water can collect are common features, but they make up only a small part of the landscape.
B) Arid lands, surprisingly, contain some of the world's largest fiver systems, such as the Murray-Dar- ling in Australia, the Rio Grande in North America, the Indus in Asia, and the Nile in Africa. These rivers and fiver systems are known as "exogenous" because their sources lie outside the arid zone. They are vital for sustaining life in some of the driest parts of the world. For centuries, the annual floods of the Nile, Tigris, and Euphrates, for example, have brought fertile silts and water to the inhabitants of their lower valleys. Today, river discharges are increasingly controlled by human intervention, creating a need for international river-basin agreements. The filling of the Ataturk and other dams in Turkey has drastically reduced flows in the Euphrates, with potentially serious consequences for Syria and Iraq.
C) The flow of exogenous rivers varies with the season. The desert sections of long rivers respond several months after rain has fallen outside the desert, so that peak flows may be in the dry season. This is useful for irrigation, but the high temperatures, low humidity, and different day lengths of the dry season, compared to the normal growing season, can present difficulties with some crops.
D) Regularly flowing rivers and streams that originate within arid lands are known as "endogenous" (内流河). These are generally fed by groundwater springs, and many issue from limestone massifs, such as the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Basaltic rocks also support springs, notably at the Jabal AIArab on the Jordan-Syria border. Endogenous rivers often do not reach the sea but drain into inland basins, where the water evaporates or is lost in the ground. Most desert streambeds are normally dry, but they occasionally receive large flows of water and sediment.
E) Deserts contain large amounts of groundwater when compared to the amounts they hold in surface stores such as lakes and rivers. But only a small fraction of groundwater enters the hydrological cycle-feeding the flows of streams, maintaining lake levels, and being recharged (or refilled) through surface flows and rainwater. In recent years, groundwater has become an increasingly importantsource of freshwater for desert dwellers. The United Nations Environment Programme and the World Bank have funded attempts to survey the groundwater resources of arid lands and to develop appropriate extraction techniques. Such programs are much needed because in many arid lands there is only a vague idea of the extent of groundwater resources. It is known, however, that the distribution of groundwater is uneven, and that much of it lies at great depths.
F) Groundwater is stored in the pore spaces and joints of rocks and unconsolidated sediments or in the openings widened through fractures and weathering. The water-saturated rock or sediment is known as an "aquifer". Because they are porous, sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones and conglomerates, are important potential sources of groundwater. Large quantities of water may also be stored in lime- stone when joints and cracks have been enlarged to form cavities. Most limestone and sandstone aquifers are deep and extensive but may contain groundwater that are not being recharged. Most shallow aquifers in sand and gravel deposits produce lower yields, but they can be rapidly recharged. Some deep aquifers are known as fossil waters. The term "fossil" describes water that has been present for several thousand years. These aquifers became saturated more than 10,000 years ago and are no longer being recharged.
G) Water does not remain immobile in an aquifer but can seep out at springs or leak into other aquifers. The rate of movement may be very slow : in the Indus plain, the movement of saline (salty) ground waters has still not reached equilibrium after 70 years of being tapped. The mineral content of groundwater normally increases with the depth, but even quite shallow aquifers can be highly saline.
H) According to the European Federation of Bottled Water (EFBW) Group for Health's Chairman, Dr. Laurent Le Bellego, water is essential for almost all body functions as it plays an important role in the formation of cells and fluids. In Dr. Le Bellego's opinion, drinking water compensates for lost fluid and ensures adequate hydration for the body: a fact "which is fundamental to the health and welfare", as evidenced by the document, "The science on water and hydration". The document was introduced as part of the 38th World Congress of International Society of Medical Hydrology and Climatology (ISMH), which was held in Lanjaron (Granada).
I) The document also recognizes the need to drink water every day to stay properly hydrated. "Over a lifetime, water should be the preferred beverage to hydrate our bodies on a daily basis," Le Bellegosuggested. Dr. Le Bellego also warned that when you fail to drink enough fluids, your body retainswater and your urine appears dark. Among the symptoms of mild dehydration are a dry mouth, fatigue, thirst, decreased urine output, decreased mental and physical performance, headaches and dizziness. As for the amount of water that needs to be drunk, this expert has pointed to the panel of experts from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), which believes that everyone should consume at least two liters of water a day. The amount should be increased depending on the physical activity and heat. The document, "The science on water and hydration", has been endorsed by the Re-search Institute of Water and Health (IIAS) and the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians ( SE-MERGEN). and has been distributed to general practitioners.
It introduces the definition of desert and the relationship between the rainfall and landforms.


5、听录音,回答题

A．The procedure of Nobel Prize awarding.
B．The people who award Nobel Prizes.
C．The people who receive Nobel Prizes.
D．The ceremony of Nobel Prize awarding.


6、根据以下资料，回答题：
Passage One
Quesaons 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage．
The vast glaciers of western Antarctica are rapidly melting and losing ice to the sea and almost certainly have“passed the point of no return，”according to new work by two separate teams of scientists．
The likely result：a rise in global sea levels of 4 feet or more in the coming centuries，says research made public Monday by scientists at the University of Washington，the University of California-Irvine and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“It really is an amazingly distressing situation，”says Pennsylvania State University glaciologist(冰川学家)Sridhar Anandakrishnan，who was not affiliated with either study．“This is a huge part of West Antarctica．and it seems to have been kicked over the edge．”
The researchers say the fate of the glaciers is almost certainly beyond hope．
One study shows that a river of ice called Thwaites Glacier is probably in the early stages of collapse．Total collapse is almost inevitable．the study shows．
A second study shows that a halfdozen glaciers are pouring ice into the sea at an ever-greater pace．That will trigger 4 feet of sea-level rise，says study author Eric Rignot，a glaciologist at the University of Califomia-Irvine，and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“The retreat of ice in that area is unstoppable，”Rignot said at a briefing Monday,adding that the glaciers have“passed the point of no return．”
Rignot and his team used data from satellites and aircraft to map changes in six West Antarctic glaciers and the terrain underlying these massive ice floes(浮冰)．The data show the glaciers are stretching out，thinning and shrinking in volume．They’re A．so flowing faster from the continent’s interior to the sea，dumping larger quantities of ice into the ocean than before and thereby raising sea levels．
At the same time，the portion of each glacier projecting into the sea is being melted from below by warm ocean water．That leads to a vicious cycle of more thinning and faster flow,and the local Terrain offers no barrier to the glaciers’retreat，the researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geophysical Research Leaers．
A report in this week’s Science says the Thwaites Glacier will collapse．perhaps in 200 years．The paper doesn’t specify the amount of sea-level rise associated with nlwaites’demise．

Who contributed to the Monday research?
A．The two separate teams of scientists．
B．Scientists at the University of Washington，of California．Irvine and NASA's Lab．
C．Scientists at Pennsylvania State University．
D．Several glaciologists．


简答题
7、中华民族是由五十六个民族(nationalities)组成的大家庭。从遥远的古代起，我国各族人民就建立起了紧密的政治经济文化联系，并共同开发了祖国的大好河山，两千多年前就形成了幅员广阔的统一国家。悠久的中国文化，成为维系民族团结和国家统一的牢固纽带。团结统一，深深印在了中国人的民族意识中。


8、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessa3On the topic of certificate craze ( 考证热 ) on campus. You shouldstart your iessay with a brief account of the possible reasons forcertificate craze and then make comments on it. You should write at least
120 words but no more than 180 words.


9、 Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of harmonious campus. You should start your essaywith a brief account of your understanding of harmonious ctvnpus andthen explain how to build it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than 180 words.


10、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国中央电视台春节联欢晚会，简称为春晚，是每年农历除夕为庆祝农历新年而现场直播的重要晚会。自1983年首届春节联欢晚会在中央电视台播出以来，每年除夕之夜它都如期播出，这一传统一直延续至今。春晚在演出规模、演员阵容、播出时长和海内外收视率上创下了世界之。春晚也成了大多数中国人每逢春节必看的电视节目，是中国除夕之夜的文化盛宴。