2015年英语四级考试每日一练(8月28日)
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单项选择题
1、Questions are based on the following passage.
Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romanticrelationship can be swayed by the society we.live in.So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from theUniversity of San Francisco.She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond tomaximise (使化) reproductive success.
Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures tostay married.In those where ties to family and commtmity are strong, lifelong marriages can bepromoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seenas a contract between two families, not just two individuals.In modern western societies, however, thefocus on ndividuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (遵守 ) the dictates of family and culture.In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds,O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that shoulddetermine who we stay with and for how long."That's why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships," she says.
According to O'Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually doexperience, when in love.Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love-fear of loss,disappointment and jealousy-are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. "If youask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highlythings like loyalty, commitment and devotion," says O'Sullivan. "If you ask American college women,they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing,funny and a friend."
We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romanticlove should feel like.If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you thatthis is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or familypressures to keep couples together, O'Sullivan argues.
What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship?
A.They vary from culture to culture.
B.They ensure the reproductive success.
C.They reflect the evolutionary process.
D.They are influenced by psychologists.
2、听录音,回答题
A.They were not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.
3、Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US,the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday.These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples,as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(严厉的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February.(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious”,(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules.
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive,”says Gerry Stimson,a UKconsultant who supports“least harm"’solutions to health problems.“It is clear that the FDA process,(42)__________the EU,follows the science,but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years,during which the products and the market will develop.”
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes,which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco,only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down,because unlike other nicotine replacement products,they closely(45)__________cigarettes,both in appearance and use.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A.popular
B.restrictions
C.potential
D.importance
E.despite
F.provoke
G.announced
H.like
I.resemble
J.proponents
K.maintain
L.pragmatic
M.claim
N.reduced
O.unlike
根据以上内容,回答题。
第36题应填__________.
简答题
4、与全国大多数其他城市的人相比. 广州人的平均收入很高。小康之家越来越多。因此,广州人上馆子很常见。广州的餐馆整天宾客满座,因为广州人似乎特爱享用美食。他们喜欢上馆子喝早茶(morning tea )。在那里,小推车(carts)上装着各种“点心”(dim sum)。从一个桌子推到另一个桌子, 供应顾客。周末一大早,从7点开始很多人就起床,在各种餐馆里边喝茶,边吃早餐,边和朋友聊天。
5、中国结(the Chinese lmot.初是由手工艺人发明的,经过数百年不断的改进,已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代,人们用它来记录事件,但现在主要用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情、婚姻和团聚。中国结常常作为礼物交换或用作饰品祈求好运和避邪。这种形式的手工艺(handicraft.代代相传,现在已经在中国和世界各地越来越受欢迎。
6、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
7、 过去的七年,中国的房地产业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一个属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说,高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况,政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长,包括提高利率及征收房产税等。目前,这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。
8、为了促进教育公平,中国已投入360亿元.用于改善农村地区教育渡施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compuisory education).这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍,使16万多所中小学收益.资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的。儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐盒绘画课.一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
9、“抱抱团”(Free HuggerS)是一项公益行为艺术活动,源于国外。它通过在街头宣传,与主动上前的陌生人拥抱的形式,向社会传递“拒绝冷漠”、“互相关爱”的主题。 “抱抱团”的行为受到了众人的关注,也引起了许多的争议。有人认为,街头拥抱拉近了陌生人之间的感情;也有人认为,仅靠这种活动消除不了陌生人之间的冷漠,况且中国人比较含蓄,采取这样的形式有作秀之嫌(pub |i.c j ty stunt)。
10、麻将是中国人主要的休闲娱乐之一。它起源于中国,其历史可追溯到三四千年以前。麻将原是皇家和王公贵族们的游戏,在长期的历史演变过程中,逐步从宫廷流传到民间,到清朝中期基本定型。麻将自1920年传入美国后。受欢迎的程度并不比在中国逊色。在南加州就常常举办麻将比赛。有人说,麻将之所以在国外那么受欢迎,正是源于外国人对中国古老文化的认知和认同(recogn i t i on and acceptance)。
1、Questions are based on the following passage.
Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romanticrelationship can be swayed by the society we.live in.So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from theUniversity of San Francisco.She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond tomaximise (使化) reproductive success.
Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures tostay married.In those where ties to family and commtmity are strong, lifelong marriages can bepromoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seenas a contract between two families, not just two individuals.In modern western societies, however, thefocus on ndividuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (遵守 ) the dictates of family and culture.In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds,O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that shoulddetermine who we stay with and for how long."That's why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships," she says.
According to O'Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually doexperience, when in love.Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love-fear of loss,disappointment and jealousy-are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. "If youask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highlythings like loyalty, commitment and devotion," says O'Sullivan. "If you ask American college women,they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing,funny and a friend."
We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romanticlove should feel like.If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you thatthis is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or familypressures to keep couples together, O'Sullivan argues.
What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship?
A.They vary from culture to culture.
B.They ensure the reproductive success.
C.They reflect the evolutionary process.
D.They are influenced by psychologists.
2、听录音,回答题
A.They were not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.
3、Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US,the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday.These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples,as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(严厉的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February.(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious”,(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules.
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive,”says Gerry Stimson,a UKconsultant who supports“least harm"’solutions to health problems.“It is clear that the FDA process,(42)__________the EU,follows the science,but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years,during which the products and the market will develop.”
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes,which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco,only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down,because unlike other nicotine replacement products,they closely(45)__________cigarettes,both in appearance and use.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A.popular
B.restrictions
C.potential
D.importance
E.despite
F.provoke
G.announced
H.like
I.resemble
J.proponents
K.maintain
L.pragmatic
M.claim
N.reduced
O.unlike
根据以上内容,回答题。
第36题应填__________.
简答题
4、与全国大多数其他城市的人相比. 广州人的平均收入很高。小康之家越来越多。因此,广州人上馆子很常见。广州的餐馆整天宾客满座,因为广州人似乎特爱享用美食。他们喜欢上馆子喝早茶(morning tea )。在那里,小推车(carts)上装着各种“点心”(dim sum)。从一个桌子推到另一个桌子, 供应顾客。周末一大早,从7点开始很多人就起床,在各种餐馆里边喝茶,边吃早餐,边和朋友聊天。
5、中国结(the Chinese lmot.初是由手工艺人发明的,经过数百年不断的改进,已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代,人们用它来记录事件,但现在主要用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情、婚姻和团聚。中国结常常作为礼物交换或用作饰品祈求好运和避邪。这种形式的手工艺(handicraft.代代相传,现在已经在中国和世界各地越来越受欢迎。
6、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
7、 过去的七年,中国的房地产业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一个属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说,高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况,政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长,包括提高利率及征收房产税等。目前,这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。
8、为了促进教育公平,中国已投入360亿元.用于改善农村地区教育渡施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compuisory education).这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍,使16万多所中小学收益.资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的。儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐盒绘画课.一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
9、“抱抱团”(Free HuggerS)是一项公益行为艺术活动,源于国外。它通过在街头宣传,与主动上前的陌生人拥抱的形式,向社会传递“拒绝冷漠”、“互相关爱”的主题。 “抱抱团”的行为受到了众人的关注,也引起了许多的争议。有人认为,街头拥抱拉近了陌生人之间的感情;也有人认为,仅靠这种活动消除不了陌生人之间的冷漠,况且中国人比较含蓄,采取这样的形式有作秀之嫌(pub |i.c j ty stunt)。
10、麻将是中国人主要的休闲娱乐之一。它起源于中国,其历史可追溯到三四千年以前。麻将原是皇家和王公贵族们的游戏,在长期的历史演变过程中,逐步从宫廷流传到民间,到清朝中期基本定型。麻将自1920年传入美国后。受欢迎的程度并不比在中国逊色。在南加州就常常举办麻将比赛。有人说,麻将之所以在国外那么受欢迎,正是源于外国人对中国古老文化的认知和认同(recogn i t i on and acceptance)。
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