2015年英语四级考试每日一练(10月21日)
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单项选择题
1、阅读下文，回答题
It Ain’t Easy Being Green Green stories of hoteIs
A）Over the summer，I stayed at four hotels in the United States. They were all owned by different companies，but they had one thing in common：A little card on the bathroom counter telling me that the establishment was very concerned about the environment，and appealing to me to do my part to help them save the earth by hanging up my wet towels and using them again the next day. Two of the hotels also placed a card next to the bed informing me that housekeeping would not change the sheets unless I left the card on the pillow.
B） It is true that keeping all those towels clean requires all enormous amount of electricity and water and soap，and that cutting down on the number of loads of laundry would be more eco-friendly than my insisting on a new towel each day. But am I a heartless cynic for doubting that a collective environmental anxiety has seized the hotel industry?
C）Here is an alternative explanation：All that water，soap，and electricity costs a lot of money and eats into the hotel’s profits. A little card on the counter telling customers that they won’t get new towels because the hotel doesn’t want to pay for laundry wouldn’t go over very well. But by couching it as a green campaign，the hotels actually get credit for providing less service to their customers，while pocketing the difference.
D）Industry groups that advise hotels on becoming more environmentally friendly tend to stress the money they’ll save just as much as the benefits to the planet. “Why should hotels be green?’’ asks the Green Hotels Association’s Web site “Haven’t you heard? Being green goes directly to your bottom line. ”The site explains that by getting guests to recycle towels and sheets，hotels can save 5 percent on utilitybills. “Some days，housekeeping wooers，who usually clean 15 rooms a day，don’t change a single bed，’’said one satisfied hotel owner, who estimates that“70 percent of people staying more than one night participate in the program. ”Another member reports that far fewer guests ask for new towels.
E）So let's renew：We give up a nice luxury to save the hotel money；the hotel congratulates itself on being green for peer pressuring us into giving up the luxury under the excuse of environmental consciousness；the hotel keeps the money. Nice work. After all，even if profit is the motive，the net result is a reduction in the hotel’s “carbon footprint”. But here’s what gets me：the hotels I stayed in this summer didn't seem all that interested in being green when it came to other things. The lobby of the big resort was air conditioned to meat locker temperatures. All day lon9，that frosty air rushed out the vast double doors，which were left open in the July heat. The resort also had a fleet of bi9，gas guzzling（耗油）vans idling at the curb to transport guests around the grounds.
Green stories of companies
F）Hotels are not the only offenders in this kind of green fakery. Some companies have embraced conservation for real. They build headquarters with solar panels and rainwater collection systems；they think of the environmental impact of every aspect of their businesses and actually change the way they do things to reduce waste. But this is labor intensive，often expensive，and takes commitment. Faced with that，many corporations take a different approach：They don’t do much of anything to change the way they do business，but make a big show of their contribution to Mother Earth.
G）It’s usually easy to spot these companies：They make their customers do the work, and then take the credit. In the name of saving the planet，my cable TV operator keeps asking for permission to stop sending paper statements in the mail each month. Instead，I'm supposed to check my statement online. The real reason，of course，is that doing so would save them paper, printing and postage. This is a perfectly reasonable reason for them to want me to switch. But when they pretend that it’s all about the environment. It just makes me hate my cable company even more than I already do.
Grin stories of ad campaigns
H）Sometimes a good ad campaign does a better job of enhancing a company’s green reputation than going through the expense and difficulty of adopting actual environmentally sound practices. Billboards in Washington appeal to me to join the cause. “l will unplug Stuff more，”reads one. Another says，“l will at least consider buying a hybrid（合成物）. ”These ads are the work of Chevron，the giant oil company，whose “Will You Join Us?’’ ads try to convince people that saving the planet is at the top of their list. You might think that if Chevron was really worried about problems like global warming，they would spend some of those dollars lobbying Congress to adopt stricter gas mileage（英里数）requirements for automobiles. They do not do this. Instead，I'm apparently supposed to praise them as environmental heroes because they tell me to unplug my toaster and think about getting a Toyota Prius.
I）Yet ad campaigns like these work. Chevron lands at N0. 371 out of 500 companies on Newsweek's green rankings. But it claims the No. 62 spot when it comes to green reputation thanks in part to those pretty，polished ads. Green marketing has also helped Wal-Mart appear kinder and gentler in recent years. To be fair, the retailing giant has done more than redesign its logo. The company，which ranks 59th on Newsweek’s list, has embraced a series of in-house green initiatives and is demanding its suppliers do the same. The result：Wal-Mart scores first place in our reputation survey.
J）Given the power of positive marketing，it’s easy to see why those little towel cards are so popular--enough so that there are now a lot of companies that market them to hotels，along with all manner of products intended to make customers feel good about themselves while helping the hotels feel good about their bank balances. I suppose it is time that I step up and do my part. On behalf of the planet1 will dutifully sleep on day-old sheets. But please，for the love of all that is good and right, keep the towel coming.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Industry groups tend to emphasize the money hotels can save along with the benefits to the environment when they persuade hotels into being eco-friendly. ·
2、听录音,
回答题
A．Children should be taught to be more careful．
B．Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice．
C．There is no need for the man to make such a fuss．
D．Timmy should learn to do things in the right way．
3、听录音，
回答题
A．Plan his budget carefully．
B．Give her more information.
C．Ask someone else for advice.
D．Buy a gift for his girlfriend.
4、听录音,回答题
A．Enjoying strong feelings and emotions．
B．Defying all dangers when they have to．
C．Being fond of making sensational news．
D．Dreaming of becoming famous one day．
5、Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．The head of the Alumni Office.
B．A doctor.
C．A professor of business administration.
D．A student from last year's program.
简答题
6、听录音，回答题
You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in．This is very natural．All languages have two general levels of (26)__________a formal level and an informal level．English is no (27)__________ ．The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a (28)__________ level．Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, (29)__________ books, and in business letters．You Would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school．Informal language is used in converation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write (30.
notes or letters to close friends.
Formal language (31)__________ informal language in several ways．First, formal language
tends to be more polite．What we may find interesting is that it (32)__________ takes more words to be polite．For example, I might say to a friend or family member, "Close the door, please," but to a stranger, I probably would say, "Would-you mind closing the door?" Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary． There(33)__________ be some words and phrases that (34)__________ in formal language and others that are informal．Let's say that I really like soccer．If I'm talking to my friend I might say "I'm just (35)__________soccer! " But if I were talking to my boss, t would probably say "I really enjoy soccer."
第(26)题__________
7、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
8、 没有人知道中国的汽车市场终会有多大。对中国汽车年销售量的估计从2 500万辆变化到了7 500万辆，是前面数据的三倍。但如果日益严重的交通堵塞超过了中国正在积极进行的公路建设的速度，中国汽车市场的需求可能将受到严重制约。此外，不断上涨的进口油价格可能会迫使中国政府进一步限制公众自驾汽车出行。
9、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
逆境(adversity)就是人在生活中遇到的困难和遭受的挫折(setback)。人生在世，每个人都会遇到逆境，它在人们的成长和成熟的过程中起着重要作用。人们看待它的态度决定了它对人们的影响。用积极的态度看待逆境，我们的性格会变得成熟。因此逆境其实是一种挑战和考验，它能使人的潜力发挥到。它能帮人驱走惰性，在与困难进行的搏斗中完善自己，这就是逆境的意义所在!
10、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on Internet and the distance among people. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.
1、阅读下文，回答题
It Ain’t Easy Being Green Green stories of hoteIs
A）Over the summer，I stayed at four hotels in the United States. They were all owned by different companies，but they had one thing in common：A little card on the bathroom counter telling me that the establishment was very concerned about the environment，and appealing to me to do my part to help them save the earth by hanging up my wet towels and using them again the next day. Two of the hotels also placed a card next to the bed informing me that housekeeping would not change the sheets unless I left the card on the pillow.
B） It is true that keeping all those towels clean requires all enormous amount of electricity and water and soap，and that cutting down on the number of loads of laundry would be more eco-friendly than my insisting on a new towel each day. But am I a heartless cynic for doubting that a collective environmental anxiety has seized the hotel industry?
C）Here is an alternative explanation：All that water，soap，and electricity costs a lot of money and eats into the hotel’s profits. A little card on the counter telling customers that they won’t get new towels because the hotel doesn’t want to pay for laundry wouldn’t go over very well. But by couching it as a green campaign，the hotels actually get credit for providing less service to their customers，while pocketing the difference.
D）Industry groups that advise hotels on becoming more environmentally friendly tend to stress the money they’ll save just as much as the benefits to the planet. “Why should hotels be green?’’ asks the Green Hotels Association’s Web site “Haven’t you heard? Being green goes directly to your bottom line. ”The site explains that by getting guests to recycle towels and sheets，hotels can save 5 percent on utilitybills. “Some days，housekeeping wooers，who usually clean 15 rooms a day，don’t change a single bed，’’said one satisfied hotel owner, who estimates that“70 percent of people staying more than one night participate in the program. ”Another member reports that far fewer guests ask for new towels.
E）So let's renew：We give up a nice luxury to save the hotel money；the hotel congratulates itself on being green for peer pressuring us into giving up the luxury under the excuse of environmental consciousness；the hotel keeps the money. Nice work. After all，even if profit is the motive，the net result is a reduction in the hotel’s “carbon footprint”. But here’s what gets me：the hotels I stayed in this summer didn't seem all that interested in being green when it came to other things. The lobby of the big resort was air conditioned to meat locker temperatures. All day lon9，that frosty air rushed out the vast double doors，which were left open in the July heat. The resort also had a fleet of bi9，gas guzzling（耗油）vans idling at the curb to transport guests around the grounds.
Green stories of companies
F）Hotels are not the only offenders in this kind of green fakery. Some companies have embraced conservation for real. They build headquarters with solar panels and rainwater collection systems；they think of the environmental impact of every aspect of their businesses and actually change the way they do things to reduce waste. But this is labor intensive，often expensive，and takes commitment. Faced with that，many corporations take a different approach：They don’t do much of anything to change the way they do business，but make a big show of their contribution to Mother Earth.
G）It’s usually easy to spot these companies：They make their customers do the work, and then take the credit. In the name of saving the planet，my cable TV operator keeps asking for permission to stop sending paper statements in the mail each month. Instead，I'm supposed to check my statement online. The real reason，of course，is that doing so would save them paper, printing and postage. This is a perfectly reasonable reason for them to want me to switch. But when they pretend that it’s all about the environment. It just makes me hate my cable company even more than I already do.
Grin stories of ad campaigns
H）Sometimes a good ad campaign does a better job of enhancing a company’s green reputation than going through the expense and difficulty of adopting actual environmentally sound practices. Billboards in Washington appeal to me to join the cause. “l will unplug Stuff more，”reads one. Another says，“l will at least consider buying a hybrid（合成物）. ”These ads are the work of Chevron，the giant oil company，whose “Will You Join Us?’’ ads try to convince people that saving the planet is at the top of their list. You might think that if Chevron was really worried about problems like global warming，they would spend some of those dollars lobbying Congress to adopt stricter gas mileage（英里数）requirements for automobiles. They do not do this. Instead，I'm apparently supposed to praise them as environmental heroes because they tell me to unplug my toaster and think about getting a Toyota Prius.
I）Yet ad campaigns like these work. Chevron lands at N0. 371 out of 500 companies on Newsweek's green rankings. But it claims the No. 62 spot when it comes to green reputation thanks in part to those pretty，polished ads. Green marketing has also helped Wal-Mart appear kinder and gentler in recent years. To be fair, the retailing giant has done more than redesign its logo. The company，which ranks 59th on Newsweek’s list, has embraced a series of in-house green initiatives and is demanding its suppliers do the same. The result：Wal-Mart scores first place in our reputation survey.
J）Given the power of positive marketing，it’s easy to see why those little towel cards are so popular--enough so that there are now a lot of companies that market them to hotels，along with all manner of products intended to make customers feel good about themselves while helping the hotels feel good about their bank balances. I suppose it is time that I step up and do my part. On behalf of the planet1 will dutifully sleep on day-old sheets. But please，for the love of all that is good and right, keep the towel coming.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Industry groups tend to emphasize the money hotels can save along with the benefits to the environment when they persuade hotels into being eco-friendly. ·
2、听录音,
回答题
A．Children should be taught to be more careful．
B．Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice．
C．There is no need for the man to make such a fuss．
D．Timmy should learn to do things in the right way．
3、听录音，
回答题
A．Plan his budget carefully．
B．Give her more information.
C．Ask someone else for advice.
D．Buy a gift for his girlfriend.
4、听录音,回答题
A．Enjoying strong feelings and emotions．
B．Defying all dangers when they have to．
C．Being fond of making sensational news．
D．Dreaming of becoming famous one day．
5、Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．The head of the Alumni Office.
B．A doctor.
C．A professor of business administration.
D．A student from last year's program.
简答题
6、听录音，回答题
You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in．This is very natural．All languages have two general levels of (26)__________a formal level and an informal level．English is no (27)__________ ．The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a (28)__________ level．Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, (29)__________ books, and in business letters．You Would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school．Informal language is used in converation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write (30.
notes or letters to close friends.
Formal language (31)__________ informal language in several ways．First, formal language
tends to be more polite．What we may find interesting is that it (32)__________ takes more words to be polite．For example, I might say to a friend or family member, "Close the door, please," but to a stranger, I probably would say, "Would-you mind closing the door?" Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary． There(33)__________ be some words and phrases that (34)__________ in formal language and others that are informal．Let's say that I really like soccer．If I'm talking to my friend I might say "I'm just (35)__________soccer! " But if I were talking to my boss, t would probably say "I really enjoy soccer."
第(26)题__________
7、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
8、 没有人知道中国的汽车市场终会有多大。对中国汽车年销售量的估计从2 500万辆变化到了7 500万辆，是前面数据的三倍。但如果日益严重的交通堵塞超过了中国正在积极进行的公路建设的速度，中国汽车市场的需求可能将受到严重制约。此外，不断上涨的进口油价格可能会迫使中国政府进一步限制公众自驾汽车出行。
9、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
逆境(adversity)就是人在生活中遇到的困难和遭受的挫折(setback)。人生在世，每个人都会遇到逆境，它在人们的成长和成熟的过程中起着重要作用。人们看待它的态度决定了它对人们的影响。用积极的态度看待逆境，我们的性格会变得成熟。因此逆境其实是一种挑战和考验，它能使人的潜力发挥到。它能帮人驱走惰性，在与困难进行的搏斗中完善自己，这就是逆境的意义所在!
10、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on Internet and the distance among people. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.
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