2014年英语四级考试每日一练(12月2日)
导读:
在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
单项选择题
1、Questions are based on thefollowingpassage．
“THINKING is hard，”(36)__________Daniel Dennet，a professor of philosophy at Tufts University．“Thinking about some problems is so hard that it can make your head ache just thinking about thinking about them．”He has spent hA.f a century pondering some of the knottiest problems around：the nature of meaning，the(37)__________of minds and whether freewill is possible．His latest book，Intuition Pumps(直觉泵)and Other Tools for Thinking，is a precis of those 50 years，distilled into 77(38)__________ and mostly bite-sized chapters．
“Intuiuon pumps”are what Mr Dennet calls thought experiments that aim to get at the rub of concepts．But the aim of this book is not(39)__________to show how the pumps work,but to(40)__________them to help readers think through some of the most profound conundrums．
This pump which Mr Dennet calls a“cascade of homunculi(级联侏儒)”，was(41)__________by the field of artificial Intelligence,An programmer begins by taking a problem a computer is meant to solve and breaking it down into smaller tasks，to be dealt with by particular(42)__________．These，in turn，are(43)__________ of sub．subsystems，and so on．In this way,we are in depth of thinking profound problems．
Of course，Mr Dennet’s book is not a(44)__________solution to such mind-benders；it is philosophy in action．Like all good philosophy,it works by getting the reader to examine deeply held but(45)__________ beliefs about some of our most fundamental concems，like personal autonomy．It is really not all easy read．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A.consist
B.actually
C.nature
D.concedes
E.inspired
F.definable
G.composed
H.readable
I.substance
J.merely
K.unspoken
L.apply
M.suppose
N.subsystem
O.definitive
第36题应填__________.
2、听音频：
根据所听到的内容，回题。
A．Buy his daughter new shoes.
B．Listen to his daughter's music
C．Respect his daughter's opinion.
D．Have a passion on music.
3、根据以下资料，回答题：
Drink from plastic bottles can raise the body's levels of a controversial "gender-bending" chemical by more than two thirds, according to tests．
Experts have been concerned about the possible health effects of bisphenolA (BPA．--an everyday chemical used in many plastic food and drink containers and tins as well as clear baby bottles--which is officially classified as toxic in some countries．A study found that participants who drank for a week from polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯) bottles showed a 69 percent increase in their urine (尿液) of BPA．
Researchers did not say how much liquid was drunk per day．Researchers from Harvard School ofPublic Health studied 77 students, who had first undergone a seven-day "washout" phase in which theydrank all cold beverages (饮料) from stainless steel bottles in order to minimise BPA exposure．
They were then given two polycarbonate bottles and asked to drink all cold beverages from themduring the next week．Previous studies have suggested that high levels of BPA consumption are linked tobirth defects, growth problems and an increased risk of heart disease．In particular there are fears thatheating the bottles, as parents would do when warming their baby's milk, causes the chemical to leak inpotentially dangerous quantities into the liquid contained within．
"If you heat those bottles, as is the case with baby bottles, we would expect the levels to beconsiderably higher．This would be of concern since infants may be particularly susceptible to BPA'shormone gland-disrupting (扰乱腺体极速分泌) potential．" said the senior author of the latest study, Karin B．Michels．
Most adults carry BPA in their bodies but expert opinion on the risks is divided．The European Food Safety Authority believes that people naturally convert the chemical into less harmful substances in the body．
Previous studies had found that BPA could leach (渗出 ) from polycarbonate bottles into theircontents, but this study is the first to show the size of the corresponding increase in urinary BPAconcentrations in humans．
Harvard researcher Jenny Carwile said, "While previous studies have demonstrated that BPA is linkedto adverse health effects, this study fills in a missing piece of the puzzle--whether or not polycarbonateplastic bottles are an important contributor to the amount of BPA in the body．"
What do we know about bisphenol A (BPA．from the beginning of the passage?
A．It is certain substance taken in by human beings every day．
B．It is a component contained in a number of plastic products．
C．It is an element that plays a decisive role in people's gender．
D．It is a kind of chemical that is universally regarded poisonous．
4、 回答题：
Marriage emerged as the most popular institution throughout history primarily because it was an effective arrangement to improve the care and upbringing of children. Marriage is not necessary to have children, but it has been of enormous importance in the rearing of children.
With the sharp declines in birth rates since 1970 in Western and other rich countries, including much larger fractions of adults who do not have any children, both men and women have significantly increased their ages marriage, and sharply raised their tendencies to divorce. In 1950, a typical woman and man married at ages 20.3 and 22.8 respectively, whereas now the typical marital ages are 26.0 and 27.7. These changes in age at mariage are related to reduced demand for many children, increased college education of both men and women but especially of women, much greater labor force participation of married and divorced women, and the narrowing of the gender gap in earnings.
The most important economic and social concerns due to low marriage rates are the effects on roaring of children. These effects are not due to lower marriage rates alone, but rather to the close connection between these low rates and high divorce rates, and to the greater tendency of women to have children without being married, or without living with the fathers of their children.
Although many single mothers do an absolutely wonderful job in raising their children, common sense and most academic findings suggest that having a father present during the raising of children generally has a positive effect on the development of non-cognitive ( 非认知性) traits of children, These include a general respect for authority and reduced rebelliousness in school, and the avoidance of gangs and other criminal activities. It also appears that the absence of fathers has a greater effect, on the non-cognitive traits of sons than daughters, although that is a less well-established finding.
I am not claiming that children are worst oft" when their parents divorce if their parents were fighting a lot, or ff they bad abusive (粗暴的) fathers. Rather, it, appears that up to a significant point, children are, better off in intact families even when their families are not ideal.
What do we learn from the first paragraph about marriage?
A．It is primarily a necessary step to have children.
B．It meets resistance in Western and other rich countries.
C．It has a tremendous impact on the rearing of children.
D．It is the most important institution throughout history.
简答题
5、Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．
泼水节（Water Splashing Festival）是傣族富民族特色的节日。人们互相泼水，表示洗去身上一年的污垢和晦气，在新的一年里会更加平安和幸福。泼水节这一天人们要拜佛（worship Budda）姑娘们用漂着鲜花的清水为佛洗尘，然后彼此泼水嬉戏，相互祝愿。被人泼的水越多，说明受到的祝福越多。泼水节期间，还要举行赛龙船、放飞灯等传统娱乐活动和各种歌舞晚会。
6、上海菜系(cuisqne)是中国年轻的地方菜系，有着400多年的历史。同其他中国菜系一样，本菜系具有“色、香(aroma)、味”三大要素。上海菜的特点是注重调料(seasoning)的使用、食材的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”(Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings)和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”(Squirrel—Shaped Mandarin Fish)。“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，皮薄个小、汁醇味美。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而里肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。
7、题目一：
Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．
You shoud write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作，通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。
题目二：
Directions：For this part,you are A．lowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．You shouM write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
题目三：
Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．You shouM write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2％，该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是的。2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，终止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年lo月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到程度。换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
8、
9、You shouM write a short essay entitled How To Improve Student k Mental Health．
写作导航
1．大学生的心理健康成为急需解决的问题；
2．学校和学生应该共同努力解决这个问题；
3．作出总结：大学生应保持积极乐观的心态。
10、香港中文大学成立于1963年，是一所研究型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。40多年来，它一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语(bilingual)教育，并推行独特的书院制度(college system)，在香港教育界卓然而立。其校园占地134公顷(hectare)．是世界』二美丽的校园之一。灵活的学分制赋予学生更大的学习自主权。它的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。
1、Questions are based on thefollowingpassage．
“THINKING is hard，”(36)__________Daniel Dennet，a professor of philosophy at Tufts University．“Thinking about some problems is so hard that it can make your head ache just thinking about thinking about them．”He has spent hA.f a century pondering some of the knottiest problems around：the nature of meaning，the(37)__________of minds and whether freewill is possible．His latest book，Intuition Pumps(直觉泵)and Other Tools for Thinking，is a precis of those 50 years，distilled into 77(38)__________ and mostly bite-sized chapters．
“Intuiuon pumps”are what Mr Dennet calls thought experiments that aim to get at the rub of concepts．But the aim of this book is not(39)__________to show how the pumps work,but to(40)__________them to help readers think through some of the most profound conundrums．
This pump which Mr Dennet calls a“cascade of homunculi(级联侏儒)”，was(41)__________by the field of artificial Intelligence,An programmer begins by taking a problem a computer is meant to solve and breaking it down into smaller tasks，to be dealt with by particular(42)__________．These，in turn，are(43)__________ of sub．subsystems，and so on．In this way,we are in depth of thinking profound problems．
Of course，Mr Dennet’s book is not a(44)__________solution to such mind-benders；it is philosophy in action．Like all good philosophy,it works by getting the reader to examine deeply held but(45)__________ beliefs about some of our most fundamental concems，like personal autonomy．It is really not all easy read．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A.consist
B.actually
C.nature
D.concedes
E.inspired
F.definable
G.composed
H.readable
I.substance
J.merely
K.unspoken
L.apply
M.suppose
N.subsystem
O.definitive
第36题应填__________.
2、听音频：
点击播放
根据所听到的内容，回题。
A．Buy his daughter new shoes.
B．Listen to his daughter's music
C．Respect his daughter's opinion.
D．Have a passion on music.
3、根据以下资料，回答题：
Drink from plastic bottles can raise the body's levels of a controversial "gender-bending" chemical by more than two thirds, according to tests．
Experts have been concerned about the possible health effects of bisphenolA (BPA．--an everyday chemical used in many plastic food and drink containers and tins as well as clear baby bottles--which is officially classified as toxic in some countries．A study found that participants who drank for a week from polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯) bottles showed a 69 percent increase in their urine (尿液) of BPA．
Researchers did not say how much liquid was drunk per day．Researchers from Harvard School ofPublic Health studied 77 students, who had first undergone a seven-day "washout" phase in which theydrank all cold beverages (饮料) from stainless steel bottles in order to minimise BPA exposure．
They were then given two polycarbonate bottles and asked to drink all cold beverages from themduring the next week．Previous studies have suggested that high levels of BPA consumption are linked tobirth defects, growth problems and an increased risk of heart disease．In particular there are fears thatheating the bottles, as parents would do when warming their baby's milk, causes the chemical to leak inpotentially dangerous quantities into the liquid contained within．
"If you heat those bottles, as is the case with baby bottles, we would expect the levels to beconsiderably higher．This would be of concern since infants may be particularly susceptible to BPA'shormone gland-disrupting (扰乱腺体极速分泌) potential．" said the senior author of the latest study, Karin B．Michels．
Most adults carry BPA in their bodies but expert opinion on the risks is divided．The European Food Safety Authority believes that people naturally convert the chemical into less harmful substances in the body．
Previous studies had found that BPA could leach (渗出 ) from polycarbonate bottles into theircontents, but this study is the first to show the size of the corresponding increase in urinary BPAconcentrations in humans．
Harvard researcher Jenny Carwile said, "While previous studies have demonstrated that BPA is linkedto adverse health effects, this study fills in a missing piece of the puzzle--whether or not polycarbonateplastic bottles are an important contributor to the amount of BPA in the body．"
What do we know about bisphenol A (BPA．from the beginning of the passage?
A．It is certain substance taken in by human beings every day．
B．It is a component contained in a number of plastic products．
C．It is an element that plays a decisive role in people's gender．
D．It is a kind of chemical that is universally regarded poisonous．
4、 回答题：
Marriage emerged as the most popular institution throughout history primarily because it was an effective arrangement to improve the care and upbringing of children. Marriage is not necessary to have children, but it has been of enormous importance in the rearing of children.
With the sharp declines in birth rates since 1970 in Western and other rich countries, including much larger fractions of adults who do not have any children, both men and women have significantly increased their ages marriage, and sharply raised their tendencies to divorce. In 1950, a typical woman and man married at ages 20.3 and 22.8 respectively, whereas now the typical marital ages are 26.0 and 27.7. These changes in age at mariage are related to reduced demand for many children, increased college education of both men and women but especially of women, much greater labor force participation of married and divorced women, and the narrowing of the gender gap in earnings.
The most important economic and social concerns due to low marriage rates are the effects on roaring of children. These effects are not due to lower marriage rates alone, but rather to the close connection between these low rates and high divorce rates, and to the greater tendency of women to have children without being married, or without living with the fathers of their children.
Although many single mothers do an absolutely wonderful job in raising their children, common sense and most academic findings suggest that having a father present during the raising of children generally has a positive effect on the development of non-cognitive ( 非认知性) traits of children, These include a general respect for authority and reduced rebelliousness in school, and the avoidance of gangs and other criminal activities. It also appears that the absence of fathers has a greater effect, on the non-cognitive traits of sons than daughters, although that is a less well-established finding.
I am not claiming that children are worst oft" when their parents divorce if their parents were fighting a lot, or ff they bad abusive (粗暴的) fathers. Rather, it, appears that up to a significant point, children are, better off in intact families even when their families are not ideal.
What do we learn from the first paragraph about marriage?
A．It is primarily a necessary step to have children.
B．It meets resistance in Western and other rich countries.
C．It has a tremendous impact on the rearing of children.
D．It is the most important institution throughout history.
简答题
5、Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．
泼水节（Water Splashing Festival）是傣族富民族特色的节日。人们互相泼水，表示洗去身上一年的污垢和晦气，在新的一年里会更加平安和幸福。泼水节这一天人们要拜佛（worship Budda）姑娘们用漂着鲜花的清水为佛洗尘，然后彼此泼水嬉戏，相互祝愿。被人泼的水越多，说明受到的祝福越多。泼水节期间，还要举行赛龙船、放飞灯等传统娱乐活动和各种歌舞晚会。
6、上海菜系(cuisqne)是中国年轻的地方菜系，有着400多年的历史。同其他中国菜系一样，本菜系具有“色、香(aroma)、味”三大要素。上海菜的特点是注重调料(seasoning)的使用、食材的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”(Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings)和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”(Squirrel—Shaped Mandarin Fish)。“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，皮薄个小、汁醇味美。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而里肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。
7、题目一：
Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．
You shoud write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作，通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。
题目二：
Directions：For this part,you are A．lowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．You shouM write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
题目三：
Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．You shouM write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2％，该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是的。2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，终止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年lo月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到程度。换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
8、
Chinese students are experiencing stricter examination on their visas．
9、You shouM write a short essay entitled How To Improve Student k Mental Health．
写作导航
1．大学生的心理健康成为急需解决的问题；
2．学校和学生应该共同努力解决这个问题；
3．作出总结：大学生应保持积极乐观的心态。
10、香港中文大学成立于1963年，是一所研究型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。40多年来，它一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语(bilingual)教育，并推行独特的书院制度(college system)，在香港教育界卓然而立。其校园占地134公顷(hectare)．是世界』二美丽的校园之一。灵活的学分制赋予学生更大的学习自主权。它的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。
相关推荐
